On April 5, 1975, Chiang Kai-shek passed away in Taiwan. The news soon reached Beijing. After Chairman Mao was shocked, he fell into deep thought...
At that time, Chairman Mao was also in very bad physical condition. Regarding the death of this "old friend", Chairman Mao solemnly said three words.
So, what impact did Chiang Kai-shek’s death have on Chairman Mao? What are these three words spoken by Chairman Mao?
I am afraid that all this started in 1949..
The consensus between Chairman Mao and Chiang Kai-shek
At 3 pm on October 1, 1949, The founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China was held grandly in Beijing. With the support of the masses, Chairman Mao solemnly announced on the Tiananmen Gate:
"The Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China was established today!"
At the same time, Chairman Mao's "old friend" Chiang Kai-shek was watching the radio in Guangzhou, listening carefully to the news.
When he heard the news that some Kuomintang officers actually participated in the founding ceremony of New China, he stood up angrily and cursed:
"Mother Xipi, I treat you badly, you are a bunch of sellers seeking glory!"
After venting, Chiang Kai-shek finally calmed down, because he knew that it was an indisputable fact that New China was established and the people supported the Communist Party.
At night, Chiang Kai-shek lay in bed and couldn't sleep, so he got up again and turned on the radio to tune in, hoping to hear more news about the mainland.
By coincidence, he heard another piece of news at this time:
"During the CPPCC meeting, Mu Jianqing, a reactionary spy who (conspired to) carry out sabotage activities, was arrested by the Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau on the 20th. The criminal was from the Central Bureau of Unification of the Kuomintang Agent..."
After hearing this news, Chiang Kai-shek's lungs almost exploded. He slapped the table and shouted angrily: "A bunch of trash!"
This day was the darkest day for Chiang Kai-shek. Chiang Kai-shek and Chairman Mao never met again.
In the next few years, Chiang Kai-shek closely deployed and planned a counterattack on the mainland in Taiwan, trying to recreate the glory of the Chiang dynasty.
The only thing that has worried him in recent years is that his ancestral tombs and homes in mainland China will be damaged. The reason why
has such worries is because he sent people to excavate the ancestral graves of Chairman Mao's family many times during the split between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.
He was worried that Chairman Mao would become jealous and do the same thing one day in the future.
In fact, Chiang Kai-shek’s ancestral tomb in Fenghua, not only was not destroyed, but was well protected.
Because Chairman Mao issued an order long before liberation: Do not destroy Chiang Kai-shek's residence, ancestral hall and other buildings... The ancestors of the Chiang family should not be alarmed!
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Chairman Mao still instructed relevant staff to pay attention to the protection of Chiang's residence and ancestral graves, which shows his broad mind.
In fact, Chairman Mao’s lenient treatment of his defeated general Chiang Kai-shek did not end there.
Although Chiang Kai-shek made many "restoration" actions in Taiwan, Chairman Mao always believed that the Kuomintang and the Communist Party were ultimately "one family" and should be united in dealing with the outside world.
In 1950, the Korean War broke out, the US Seventh Fleet brazenly entered the Taiwan Strait, Truman, the then US President, even publicly threw out the theory that "Taiwan's status is undecided"!
In the face of this sudden change, Chiang Kai-shek felt very conflicted.
On the one hand, he wants to use the United States to increase Taiwan's military power and compete with the Chinese Communist Party.
On the other hand, he is unwilling to cater to the wolfish ambitions of the United States and becomes an eternal sinner who collaborates with the Yankees to split China.
Therefore, he authorized the Kuomintang "Foreign Minister" Ye Gongchao to issue a statement on June 25, clearly stating: Taiwan is part of China's territory, and the Kuomintang adheres to the "One China" principle.
After the news reached the mainland, Mao Zedong said happily: "Chiang Kai-shek still has some conscience!"
After this incident, the United States made many conspiracy to undermine the "One China" principle, but Chiang Kai-shek still insisted on his attitude.
Seeing that Chiang Kai-shek was losing control, the United States planned to change Taiwan's "president" candidate.
In the late 1950s, the United States prepared to support Chen Cheng to come to power in an attempt to achieve the purpose of splitting China by controlling Chen Cheng.
After the news reached Beijing, Chairman Mao fell into deep thought.
Later, Chairman Mao talked about this issue when he met with foreign guests. He said:
"In Taiwan, is it better for Chiang Kai-shek to be the 'president', or Hu Shih to be the 'president'?" It is better for Chen Cheng to be the 'President', I think it is better for Chiang Kai-shek to be the 'President'!"
Chairman Mao, as the president of New China, publicly said such words of "support" for Chiang Kai-shek, which was unexpected by Chiang Kai-shek.
However, what Chiang Kai-shek can be sure of is that he and Chairman Mao have a consensus on the principle of "one China" in and !
Therefore, from the late 1950s to the 1960s, Chairman Mao and Chiang Kai-shek were looking for intermediaries who could achieve communication between the two sides and negotiate this consensus.
Chairman Mao invited Chiang Kai-shek to return to the mainland for retirement.
In the spring of 1956, Premier Zhou Enlai was authorized by Chairman Mao to arrange for Zhang Shizhao to come to Hong Kong with a letter written by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to Chiang Kai-shek and visit Xu Xiaoyan, who was in charge of the Kuomintang's propaganda work in Hong Kong.
Zhang Shizhao expressed his intention after seeing Xu Xiaoyan and handed the letter from the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to Xu Xiaoyan.
Xu Xiaoyan knew that this matter was of great importance, so he immediately packed his luggage and flew back to Taipei.
After meeting Chiang Kai-shek, Xu Xiaoyan handed the letter to Chiang Kai-shek and reported on his talks with Zhang Shizhao.
After Chiang Kai-shek opened the letter, he frowned when he saw that the signature was "Mao Zedong."
After that, he took the letter and read it several times over and over again. The more he read, the more emotional fluctuations he got. Tears rolled in his eyes unconsciously. He whispered this sentence:
"The Tomb of Fenghua, Luyi" Of course, the flowers and plants in
Judging from Chiang Kai-shek's attitude, he should have some agreement with the content of the letter, but he still had many concerns at the time and needed to consider it carefully.
After a year of consideration, Chiang Kai-shek finally recalled Xu Xiaoyan to Taipei again and had secret negotiations with Xu Xiaoyan for a long time.
During the conversation, Chiang Kai-shek said: "Regarding the peaceful reunification offensive launched by the CCP, I decided to send people to find out the true intentions of the CCP. Do you have anyone to recommend?"
Xu Xiaoyan thought for a moment and named three names. In the end, Chiang Kai-shek selected his student Song Yishan among these three people.
Song Yishan's younger brother Song Xilian was being detained in the mainland as a war criminal at the time, and our party allowed the families of these war criminals to visit.
After that, Chiang Kai-shek arranged for Song Yishan to go to the mainland in the name of visiting relatives to inquire about the situation of the CCP.
After arriving in Beijing in April 1957, Song Yishan received a personal meeting with Premier Zhou Enlai.
After some pleasantries, Song Yishan admitted that he came here mainly to understand the CCP’s opinions on the peace talks.
When Zhou En saw Song Yishan being so frank, he said sincerely: "We are actually all one family!"
"During the negotiations in Chongqing after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Mr. Chiang said that during the great revolution, the comrades of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party once ate in the same pot and held meetings in the same room.
"I hope we will have the opportunity to cooperate again in the future!"
Song Yishan fully recognized Zhou Enlai's words, and all the doubts he had before coming to the mainland disappeared instantly.
After the Kuomintang and the Communist Party strived for the third cooperation
, Premier Zhou Enlai arranged for Li Weihan, Minister of the United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee, to hold talks with Song Yishan, and reached a four-point consensus:
1. The Kuomintang and the Communist Party can achieve peaceful reunification through reciprocal negotiations.
二，台湾可以作为中央统辖之下的自治区，享有高度的自治权。
三，台湾地区仍由蒋介石领导，中共不参与，不过国民党可以派人到中央任职。
四，美国军事力量必须撤离台湾海峡。
宋宜山对这个洽谈结果很满意，于是他马上写了一份报告交到了蒋介石的手上。
When Chiang Kai-shek saw that this report of more than 10,000 words contained Song Yishan's praise for the Chinese Communist Party, he immediately showed an unhappy expression on his face.
Song Yishan's "unfirm position", coupled with the anti-rightist struggle that began in mainland China at that time, made Chiang Kai-shek very uneasy, and he suddenly stopped contact with the CCP.
毛主席得知这一情况后深感遗憾，但他仍然希望能有机会与国民党再次合作。
因此在之后的岁月里，毛主席还在多个场合传达了对于两岸和平统一的期望。
In these years, many patriotic people have emerged who are willing to guide the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. One of them is Cao Juren.
In fact, long before Song Yishan, Cao Juren had served as an ambassador for cross-strait communication many times, but he had never made a breakthrough.
Cao Juren, like the majority of patriots, hopes to see the peaceful reunification of the motherland in his lifetime, so he actively strives for opportunities for peace talks for both parties.
In July 1965, Cao Juren learned that Chiang Ching-kuo was going to Hong Kong in the near future, so he immediately flew to Beijing and discussed the outline of the peace talks with Chairman Mao.
商议妥当后，曹聚仁马不停蹄又返回了香港，等待着蒋经国的到来。
7月18日，曹聚仁接到消息：经国来了，不方便上岸，在海上等你。
Cao Juren hurriedly followed the person who came to report the news and drove to the dock, and then boarded the luxury cabin where Jiang Jingguo was.
蒋经国与曹聚仁寒暄过后，便让侍从人员退了出去，随后二人舱内开始谈起了“正事”。
Chiang Ching-kuo said that Taiwan wants to negotiate with Beijing, but it does not know Beijing's specific intentions in the near future. He hopes that Cao Juren can introduce more about Beijing's situation.
After Cao Juren told what he knew about the situation and Chairman Mao's attitude, Jiang Jingguo expressed the hope that Cao Juren would talk to Chiang Kai-shek face to face.
于是，曹聚仁便跟随蒋经国，坐着这艘客轮到了台湾一个小港口。
Afterwards, the two disembarked and took a plane, arriving at Chiang Kai-shek's official residence in Sun Moon Lake .
Cao Juren first took out Chairman Mao's letter. The letter was attached with a poem written by Chairman Mao himself. One of the sentences was "The bright moon is still here, and when will the colorful clouds return".
而这句词想要表达的是，毛主席欢迎蒋介石回归大陆养老。
After reading the letter, Chiang Kai-shek praised Cao Juren for working tirelessly and for many years for peaceful reunification, and Chiang Ching-kuo also said: "I will still rely on him in the future."
After that, Cao Juren began to work for Chiang Kai-shek. Jieshi and Chiang Ching-kuo introduced the conditions of the Chinese Communist Party, with six general contents:
1. If Chiang Kai-shek returns to the mainland with his old troops and still serves as the president of the Kuomintang, he can settle anywhere outside Zhejiang Province.
毛主席建议拨出江西庐山地区，作为蒋介石安享晚年的“封地”。
2. Chiang Ching-kuo is appointed governor of Taiwan . Taiwan can be autonomous in other aspects except diplomacy and military, but it must ensure that there is land for the tillers.
3. Taiwan is no longer allowed to accept military and economic assistance from the United States. If Taiwan encounters financial difficulties, Beijing will allocate subsidies in accordance with the amount of U.S. assistance.
4. The air force in Taiwan was merged into Beijing and under unified control by Beijing. The army was reduced to 4 divisions, 3 divisions were stationed in Taiwan, and the other 1 division was stationed in Xiamen and Kinmen.
5.将厦门和金门合并成一个自由市，作为北京和台北之间的缓冲联络区。
6. Taiwan’s current civil and military officials, their official ranks and benefits remain the same, and people’s living standards can only be improved, not lowered.
这六个条件，任谁看了都能感觉到毛主席和党中央的诚意，蒋氏父子也不例外。
曹聚仁与蒋氏父子谈妥这几个条件后兴奋不已，回到香港后立马将这个好消息传达给了北京方面。
毛主席等中央领导人得知这一消息后，也非常高兴，便委托曹聚仁继续跟进此事。
Cao Juren thought that he would finally see the peaceful reunification of the motherland this time, so he accelerated the pace of this work. However, unfortunately, what happened later aroused Chiang Kai-shek's wariness again.就这样，国共两党和谈又一次搁浅了。
Until 1972, Chiang Kai-shek was deeply moved when he learned that Mao Zedong called himself an "old friend" when meeting with US President Nixon.
Chiang Kai-shek was already old at that time, and perhaps he had the idea of returning to his roots. In addition, Taiwan's space for international activities was getting smaller and smaller at that time, so Chiang Kai-shek once again raised the issue of negotiations between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.
He originally wanted to ask Cao Juren to serve as a special envoy again, but unfortunately Cao Juren was in poor health and died of illness in July of this year.
1972年，曹聚仁逝世后，蒋介石一时半会也找不到合适的接替人选，只好将这件事再次搁置。
尽管蒋介石又“泄气”了，但毛主席却始终在为了祖国和平统一努力。
Chiang Kai-shek died and Chairman Mao said three words
In 1975, Chairman Mao, in order to show the sincerity of the CCP, pardoned hundreds of KMT war criminals and spies.
Not only that, Chairman Mao also sent people to arrange work for them. If anyone wanted to go to Taiwan, Chairman Mao also respected their choice.
This move once again impressed Chiang Kai-shek, and he came up with the idea of continuing to contact the CCP, and Chairman Mao also learned of Chiang Kai-shek's attitude.
此后不久，毛主席找到了92岁高龄的章士钊，委托他作为沟通两岸的大使，章士钊欣然答应。
In order to take care of Zhang Shizhao's health, Premier Zhou Enlai specially arranged for guards, secretaries, chefs, doctors, nurses, and secretaries to take care of the old gentleman.
1973年5月，章士钊乘飞机抵达了香港，经过多方奔走，他终于和国民党方面联系上了。
这本来是令人振奋的消息，但不幸的是，章士钊老先生由于过度劳累，在香港与世长辞。
Although this "matchmaking" ended in regret, it had a certain impact on the Kuomintang and allowed Chiang Kai-shek to see the sincerity of the CCP.
After the Spring Festival in 1975, Chiang Kai-shek secretly met with Chen Lifu, a veteran figure of the Kuomintang, and asked him to convey a message to the Chinese Communist Party through Hong Kong channels: inviting Chairman Mao to visit Taiwan.
Chairman Mao was very happy after receiving the news. expressed that he was very happy to visit Taiwan.
However, Chairman Mao was seriously ill at that time and could not travel far, and Premier Zhou Enlai was also very ill. Chairman Mao thought about it and finally found Deng Xiaoping.
他对邓小平说：“你可以代表我去台湾，两岸可以借助这个契机，尽快实现‘三通’...”。
中共方面的联络人将这个消息告诉陈立夫后，陈立夫也非常高兴。
However, while Chen Lifu was actively working on this matter, Chiang Kai-shek suddenly fell seriously ill and was dying. Before his death, Chiang Kai-shek ordered:
"After my death, my coffin must be placed toward Beijing. When the mainland is restored in the future, and Chiang Kai-shek was born and raised here, my body must be moved back to Nanjing and buried beside Mr. Sun Yat-sen."
1975 On April 5, 2011, Chiang Kai-shek completely closed his eyes.
After the news reached Beijing, Chairman Mao's face was very solemn. He was silent for a while, and then he sighed and said: "I know."
Behind Chairman Mao's three short words, it can be said that there are very complex emotions.
As he said himself, Chiang Kai-shek was an "old friend." Although the two fought for most of their lives due to different political ideals, they were once comrades who joined hands to resist foreign enemies.
Moreover, with the passing of this "old friend", Taiwan's peaceful reunification process has once again been interrupted. How can he not feel heartbroken?
Conclusion
Chairman Mao worked hard all his life for the construction and development of New China. It is a great pity that he failed to see the improvement of relations between Taiwan and the mainland before his death.
Fortunately, Deng Xiaoping followed Chairman Mao's last wish and finally realized the "three direct links" between the mainland and Taiwan after years of hard work.
Today, the motherland has already achieved prosperity, and Taiwan and the mainland are also an indivisible whole!
To realize the peaceful reunification of the motherland is the common aspiration of the people of the whole country. The efforts of Chairman Mao and all patriots are really touching!
