The Yuan Dynasty was from 1271 to 1368. The Yuan Dynasty ruled for how many years, less than a hundred years.
The Yuan Dynasty was established by the Mongols and was another unified dynasty in Chinese history. It was also the largest dynasty in Chinese history.
In fact, the opening remarks of emperors' imperial edicts in the past dynasties were different.
At the beginning of the edict of the Yuan Dynasty, we must first thank the highest god, Changshengtian, for the power of Changshengtian, the protection and help of great blessings, and the emperor's imperial edict.
The imperial edicts of the Tang Dynasty often used the word "menxia". For example, the imperial edict "Su Zong ordered the crown prince to supervise the country's system" began with "menxia, the foundation of the world."
During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the opening words of imperial edicts were often "According to the destiny of heaven and the times, and the destiny of the Lord". The most famous opening sentence of "Following the fate of heaven" originated from this!
It seems that this Yuan Dynasty is indeed a little different!
1 In 206, Temujin unified the tribes of Mobei Mongolia, called Genghis Khan , and was later revered as Yuan Taizu. He established the Great Mongolian Kingdom.
Since then, Mongolia has continued to expand externally, successively attacking Xixia, Jin Dynasty, Dali and other countries, and establishing administrative institutions in the Tubo region for direct rule.
In the West, Genghis Khan, Ogedai Khan, and Mongke Khan launched three western expeditions , conquered large areas of territory, and established the Kipchak Khanate , Chagatai Khanate , Ogedai Khanate , and the Ilkhanate, four khanates, dominating the Eurasian continent.
Later, Zhu Yuanzhang overthrew the rule of the Yuan Dynasty, and the Yuan Dynasty lasted for ninety-eight years.
The Yuan Dynasty unified China and simultaneously annexed Rong and Di, which lasted for more than ninety years. After that, the national destiny of the Yuan Dynasty also disappeared.
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The Yuan Dynasty was based on the destruction of the Jin Dynasty, Xixia, Southern Song Dynasty and dozens of large and small countries on the Asian continent. It was no less difficult to start a business than Qin Shihuang unified the world
Kublai Khan was the founder of the Yuan Dynasty.
Anyone who has read Jin Yong's novel is familiar with the names Tou Lei and Kublai Khan. They are both real historical figures.
Tuo Lei was the youngest son of Genghis Khan, and Kublai Khan was Tuo Lei's fourth son. Kublai Khan, who was still a prince, preferred Han culture.
1271, Mongolia changed its name to Yuan. But the Southern Song Dynasty had not yet perished at this time!
Yuan Dynasty The Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368), whose full name is Great Yuan or Great Mongolia, was the first unified minority dynasty in Chinese history.
The Yuan Dynasty was founded in 1271 by Kublai Khan, the founder of the Yuan Dynasty . The country was named Dayuan. In the same year, its capital was Dadu, which is Beijing.
Five years later, in 1276, it destroyed the Southern Song Dynasty and unified China in 1279.
During the 70 years from 1206 to 1276, the Mongols marched east and west on horseback, and they went through a lot of hardships.
In fact, in 1206, Genghis Khan unified the tribes in Mobei and established the Great Mongolia on the Onan River.
At that time, the suzerain state of Mongolia was the Jin Dynasty. Due to the decline of the Jin Dynasty and its ally Xixia, Mongolia successively attacked Xixia and Jin Dynasty, and attacked and destroyed Xixia in August 1227, and attacked and destroyed the Jin Dynasty in March 1234. Only then did Mongolia completely occupy North China.
In the West, Mongolia launched three western expeditions, making the Mongol Empire dominate the Eurasian continent.
The territory reached its maximum during the Kublai Khan period, extending to Turpan in the west, including Tibet, Yunnan and northern Myanmar in the southwest, to the south of Dobo and the North Sea, the Ob River in the east, and to the Sea of Japan in the east.
Historical books say: "It extends to Liaozuo in the east, quicksand in the west, crosses the Yinshan Mountains in the north, and crosses the sea surface in the south. When the Han and Tang Dynasties were at their peak, it was not as good as it."
The Yuan Dynasty was also the suzerain state of the four major khanates, namely the Kipchak Khanate, the Chagatai Khanate, the Ogodei Khanate and the Ilkhanate. Its vassal states covered Goryeo and Southeast Asian countries.
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Why did the Yuan Dynasty last for less than a hundred years as a dynasty that entered the Central Plains by ethnic minorities?
As a dynasty where ethnic minorities entered the Central Plains, the Yuan Dynasty lasted for a short period of time. The main reason was that the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty won the world immediately and after they obtained the world, they still ruled the world immediately and did not implement their rule according to the characteristics of the people.
The aristocrat Kublai Khan entered China and was located after Yanjing in 1260. Although the destiny of the Yuan Dynasty was only 98 years, it caused a lot of economic and cultural destruction to China.
Yuan Dynasty's consistent policy was to aggression and destruction, rather than vigorously carry out construction. He wanted to hate and kill the Manchu and Han culture. Needless to say, he even implemented semi-slavery exploitation economically, and tried his best to use the Taoist and Lamaism to paralyze the people.
It is said that Chahan Timuer is a very powerful person. He is in the destiny of the Yuan Dynasty and is the leader of the military revival at the end of the Yuan Dynasty. His early death sounded the death knell of the demise of the Yuan Dynasty.
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The short-lived Yuan Dynasty had a long-term impact on later generations!
However, the Yuan Dynasty had a considerable impact on later generations.
The source of the administrative division of "province" and the West's understanding of China have a lot to do with the Yuan Dynasty, and the intellectuals of the Yuan Dynasty left behind a large number of popular " Yuanqu ".
Kublai's provincial system is the predecessor of modern "province".
The economy is still dominated by agriculture. Due to the brutality of the Mongolian rulers, the overall productivity of the Yuan Dynasty was lower than that of the Song Dynasty, but it has made great progress in production technology, land reclamation area, grain output, water conservancy and widespread cotton planting.
There are many shipbuilders.
They once designed a dragon boat, which is 120 feet long and 20 feet wide, with warm pavilions, halls, etc.
requires 24 sailors to work together to start the big ship. The most amazing thing is that the dragon head, eyes, mouth, claws and tail on the dragon boat can move, and from a distance it looks like a real dragon swimming on the water.
1275, Marco-Polo arrived in Shangdu, which was the time of the Yuan Dynasty.
The Yuan Dynasty's " Time Calendar " has been used in China for hundreds of years. It is a reflection of the superb level of formulating the ancient Chinese calendar. Its main maker is Guo Shoujing .
Guo Shoujing's grandfather is proficient in astronomy and mathematics, and Guo Shoujing has learned a lot of family traditions. Later, Guo Shoujing also became a teacher of Kublai Khan, Liu Bingzhong, and studied classics and astronomy. Finally, he was recommended by his master and was able to work in the Yuan Dynasty.
Guo Shoujing first engaged in water control work, then entered the Taishi Academy, and conducted nationwide astronomical observations and research.
To sum up, although the Yuan Dynasty only had a national destiny for 98 years, it was also a unified dynasty and had a profound influence on future generations.
Together, discuss the history of the Yuan Dynasty, welcome to follow!
Author｜Gong Liuhui
