House on March 18th of each year, a sea sacrifice event will be held in a small town on the eastern coast of Jimo District, Qingdao, Shandong Province. At this time, there will be dozens of rows of altars filled with various sacrifices. The fishing boats have been renovated, with flags waving and crowded, which is very lively. The picture below shows the scene where the Dragon King appears during the Sea Festival .
This sea sacrifice festival has a history of more than 500 years. The place where its activity is located is Tianheng Town. This sea sacrifice activity has gradually become a local folk festival, called " Tianheng sea sacrifice folk culture festival". The meaning is to commemorate a historical figure more than 2,200 years ago - Tian Heng, who is also one of the three brothers of the Tian family mentioned in this article.
first showed its strength
In the war at the end of the Qin Dynasty, it turned out that countless talented people and strangers appeared on the land of the six kingdoms. After you finished singing and I came on the stage, the city wall changed the king's flag. For Qi State , for a long time, although his master had been changing his name, he had a common surname - Tian, the surname of the descendant of the Tian State of Qi State during the Warring States Period. The three brothers of the Tian family are naturally also descendants of the Qi royal family , but in fact, they are not brothers. The reason why they are put together is mainly because the three brothers raised the banner of uprising together, stabilized the situation of Qi, and issued the strongest voice of the descendants of the six royal family of the Kanto Kingdom.
Chen Sheng . After the Wu Guangdaze Township Uprising, people from all over the country were sent to "swer the land", that is, they brought soldiers to promote anti-Qin thought. Because the Qin Dynasty's rule was too brutal, countless responders were responding. It is often seen that the rebels brought thousands of soldiers there instantly grew to tens of thousands of soldiers. The leader who was ordered to come to Qi's state " for the land" was named Zhou Shi [fú]. At that time, Zhou City had basically pacified Wei territory and headed east to Di County , but was stubbornly resisted by the magistrate of Di County and could not conquer it for the time being.
In Di County, there are the most powerful Tian clan members who fled to this day in Qi. Their representatives are the three brothers of the Tian clan - Tian Dan and his cousins Tian Rong and Tian Heng . Seeing this, they knew that their opportunity had come. So Tian Dan took advantage of the situation to kill his slaves and needed the county magistrate to give him the opportunity to make a case. He assassinated the county magistrate of Di County in one fell swoop, and then summoned the children of various wealthy families in Di County to establish a unified idea: The princes of all regions have made themselves kings, and our Great Qi State also had a long history back then. I, Tian Dan, are also a member of the Tian clan and deserve the King of Qi. At that time, the world could be said to be a response, not to mention the Tian family, which was so appealing in Qi.
Therefore, Tian Dan not only led Tian Rong and Tian Heng to easily drive away Zhou City outside the city, but also quickly pacified Qi and became the real King of Qi.
twists and turns
Why are the three brothers of the Tian family very special?
In addition to the three brothers who rose up at that time, the descendants of the six countries were basically famous and had no power or supported by others, such as King of Chu Huai grandson of Xiong Huai Xiong Xin Zhang Liang Zhang Liang 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月 月However, the three brothers of Tian have maintained the leadership of Qi from beginning to end.
Wei Wangjiu and Zhou Fu just established their country, and they welcomed the army of Qin generals Zhang Handan . Although the Qin Dynasty was the only one left Zhang Han's "fire-fighting captain" along the way at that time, the combat effectiveness of this "fire-fighting captain" was still relatively strong. King Ju of Wei was unable to resist and was firmly besieged in Linji City. In desperation, he sent a message to Qi for help. Although he had met Zhou Fu, Tian Dan personally led his army to rescue Wei with his attitude of losing his lips and being cold. However, the result was that not only did Tian Dan fail to save the Wei Kingdom, but also spent his life under Linji City.
Tian Rong saw that the situation was not good, so he quickly led Yu Jun to Dong'acheng.But Zhang Han did not want to let Tian Rong go and pursued him all the way. Fortunately, Xiang Liang's army arrived and repelled Zhang Han's army. The rescued Tian Rong was supposed to follow Xiang Liang and chase Zhang Han, but he heard bad news - in Qi State, he heard that Tian Dan died, and re-established a king of Qi . This king of Qi was still the younger brother of King Jian of Qi who was defeated by Qin Shihuang.
Hearing this letter, Tian Rong couldn't help but feel angry from his heart and immediately decided to return to Qi.
enfeoffment unfair
The newly established Qi king Tianjue also has a Tian family team. In addition to being the new Qi king himself, there are also Prime Minister Tianjiao and General Tianma . However, they could not stop Tian Rong from returning to the army, and in the end they didn't even want their hometown. Tian Jiao went to Chu State, Tian Jiao and Tianjian to stay in Zhao State. Tian Rong, who reoccupied Qi State, re-established Tian Shi, the son of the eldest brother Tian Dan as the King of Qi, and he was worried about the prime minister himself, while his younger brother Tian Heng continued to be his general.
Xiang Liang, who was fighting independently with Zhang Han, saw that Zhang Han had increased his troops, and quickly sent an envoy to send a signal to Qi and Zhao for help. However, Tian Rong, who had not yet calmed down, made a request. As long as Chu and Zhao killed all the escaped Tian Jiao, Tian Jiao, and Tian, the other ones surnamed Tian, who had fled, and Tian Rong immediately sent troops. Although they are both descendants of the Tian family of Qi, they still do not make any concessions in the face of interests.
result, Xiang Liang, who fought against Zhang Han, did not agree to Tian Rong's request at this time. But history sometimes likes to make such jokes. Xiang Liang was eventually defeated by Zhang Han and was killed himself. However, Xiang Yu held a grudge against Tian Rong because he did not send troops. Later, in the Battle of Julu, Xiang Yu captured Zhang Han's army in one fell swoop and marched into Xianyang. He then enfeoffed the eighteen princes and kings, and Tian Rong was not surprisingly excluded.
In the enfeoffment of Qi by Xiang Yu, Qi generals Tiandu were named King of Qi, and Tian An, the grandson of King Jian of Qi, was named King of Jibei , while Tian Rong supported , Qi king Tianshi , was greatly reduced in territory, and was only made a Jiaodong king .
Faced with such unfair ban, Tian Rong naturally could not sit idly by. The , Tian Du and Tian An, who came to share the cake, were easily defeated by Tian Rong. But what he didn't expect was that Tian City did not have the might of his father Tian Dan, and was actually preparing to go to Jiaodong Kingdom to "take office" because of his fear of Xiang Yu. Tian Rong was furious and immediately killed Tian Shi.
After unifying Qi, Tian Rong took the position of King Qi, but this action also caused him to kill himself. Although Tian Rong unified Qi again, he attracted a bigger enemy - Xiang Yu, the king of Western Chu.
Xiang Yu had always held a grudge because of Xiang Liang's death, and this time he directly found an opportunity to attack and kill Tian Rong. Immediately led a large army to attack Tian Rong. Tian Rong was defeated and went to Pingyuan, but was killed by the people in Pingyuan. However, Xiang Yu had nowhere to release his hatred for Tian Rong. So Xiang Yu "killed Qi's city walls, and all those who passed by were slaughtered" and Qi became a hell on earth in a flash.
At this time, Tian Rong's younger brother Tian Heng stood up and gathered the defeated and fleeing stragglers of Qi, with tens of thousands of people, so he planned to counterattack Xiang Yu. Just at this time, the Han army of Liu Bang had already reached Pengcheng , so Xiang Yu hurriedly went south to save Pengcheng. Tian Heng had a chance to breathe and gradually took over Qi's land under his command, and established Tian Rong's son, Tian Guang, as King of Qi, and began to become the prime minister himself.
After that, although the Chu-Han War was in full swing, Qi State did not participate in it, but only wanted to protect itself. However, Han Xin , which gradually expanded its territory in the north, finally turned his attention to Qi State. At the same time, Li Shiqi, a lobbyist under Liu Bang, also advised Liu Bang to surrender to Qi State. Outside , Han Xin's army was under the brink of , and inside , Li Shiqi knew the pros and cons, Tian Guang and Tian Heng weighed the pros and cons, and decided to turn to Han King Liu Bang.However, what he never expected was that Han Xin, who was in a "hungry" state, did not want him to surrender to Li Shiqi, so he continued to march into Qi and took Qi down in one fell swoop, and Qi was destroyed.
, and the title of King Qi was also in Han Xin's hands.
islands
After the fall of Qi, Tian Heng first defected to Peng Yue , and later he was afraid that Peng Yue, who was looking for Han, would do something to him, so he led 500 subordinates to flee to the island.
After Liu Bang became emperor, he was worried that Tian Heng, who "many wise men of Qi have attached themselves to him", would not be beneficial to the Han Dynasty in the future, so he ordered people to summon Tian Heng to meet him. Tian Heng was unwilling to go, but he was afraid that Liu Bang would " clan ", so he had no choice but to take only two followers and run to Luoyang to meet Liu Bang.
Only thirty miles away from Luoyang, Tian Heng passed the message to Liu Bang, " The reason why Your Majesty wants to see me is just to see my face. Your Majesty is in Luoyang, and now he is beheading my head and running thirty miles, describing it as if he has not yet been defeated, which is still worthy of observation." After that, he was on the spot and his subordinates offered his head to Liu Bang. When Liu Bang saw that he was sad, he conferred Tian Heng's two entourages as Duwei and " to bury Tian Heng with the King's Ceremony".
Tian Heng was buried, and two entourages named Commander died in front of his tomb. When Liu Bang heard this, he sighed that "Hospital Tian Heng's guests are all virtuous" and wanted to summon the five hundred people in the island for his own use. But when the five hundred heroes on the island heard the news that Tian Heng was dead, they did not show their attachment to the secular world and committed suicide collectively.
Taishi Gong praised it and said, "Tian Heng is so noble that guests admire the righteousness and die after death. Isn't it the most virtuous!"
Shuiyan Shuiyan
In the uprising army at the end of the Qin Dynasty, the Tian clan of Qi was a very powerful force. When the aristocratic forces of the other five countries were all in decline, the Tian clan of Qi kept standing up, from Tian Dan, Tian Rong, Tian Heng to Tianjiao, Tianjiao, Tianjian, and then to Tiandu, Tian'an, etc., their continuous internal friction made Qi always at a level of not being strong in desire, but not being weak. But the good thing is that the initiative of the Qi regime has always been in the hands of the descendants of the Tian royal family of Qi at this stage, especially in the hands of the three brothers Tian Dan, Tian Rong and Tian Heng for most of the time.
They were inspired by the "Ancient Qi Kingdom" and tried to restore the once powerful Qi Kingdom, but compared with Liu Bang, Xiang Yu and others who "love the world", they had some ideological limitations. However, the righteousness of the monarch and ministers between them and their subordinates, especially Tian Heng and their disciples, fully reflects the ancient style of "a scholar who dies for his confidant". Although it is not worthy of advocacy, it is enough to move people.
is also Tian Heng's high festival, which is the fundamental reason why the "Tian Heng Sacrifices the Sea Folk Culture Festival" still exists today.
