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At 4 a.m. on August 12, the famous Chinese painter Shi Mingde died in Jinhua, Zhejiang at the age of 108.
Just a year ago, Shi Mingde's "One Hundred and Seven Years" art exhibition was held in Yongkang City Museum . Among the works on the exhibition, the latest one was Shi Mingde's new work when he was 106 years old in 2020.
Shi Mingde, whose courtesy name is Junhui, was from Dongyang, Zhejiang Province. He was born in Lingan Village, Dongyang in 1915. At the age of 17, he entered Zhejiang Provincial No. 7 Middle School to study. Shi Mingde and his art enlightenment teacher, Jin Yuxiang, a student from , Li Shutong, , met here and fell in love with landscape painting.
In the 1940s, Shi Mingde studied in the Department of Art and Politics of the National Yingshi University. Since then, he has been engaged in art education and the creation of Chinese painting for a long time. He has copied and copied a complete set of murals for the Jinhua Shiwangfu Memorial Hall.
Shi Mingde is an outstanding representative of the art of calligraphy and painting in Jinhua , and has a certain influence in the calligraphy and painting circles across the province and even the whole country. He upholds the creative belief of "rooting traditions, learning from nature, learning from others' strengths, and creating his own style", devotes himself to research and practice hard, and has created a large number of extraordinary works.
1948, after watching his paintings, Pan Tianshou wrote "Junhui Shuangxi Sketches Collection". In 1963, Lu Yanshao wrote "Sketches of Shi Junhui's Landscapes" for him.
In 2013, Qianjiang Evening News conducted a series of reports on "Cultural context". Shi Mingde, who was 99 years old, held a solo exhibition in Zhejiang Art Museum . The reporter reported on "Shi Mingde: A wild painting fanatic". The full text is hereby attached to express commemoration.
At the age of 99, he opened a solo exhibition at the Zhejiang Art Museum. His Chinese paintings are real mountains, real waters, and true temperament
Shi Mingde: Mountain and wild paintings are crazy
0 The day before yesterday, Zhejiang Art Museum, "Retrospective of the Eighty Years of Painting - Shi Mingde Painting Exhibition" opened.
Distant mountains and mists, flowing waters and people's houses. I slowly appreciate the ink paintings in front of me, as if I followed the author all the way, climbing the clear mountain, walking in the reservoir, and taking a boat.
It was not until people carefully read the introduction in the exhibition hall that they discovered that the painter was 99 years old this year. Many of the paintings in the exhibition are sketches from his 80s.
At his home in Hangzhou, the reporter met the longevity painter. When the old man spoke, he was very straight and was in good spirits except for a little bit of ears. He spoke Jinhua dialect, and his wife was afraid that we would not understand, so she became an interpreter.
Shi Mingde is not an academic painter. He grew up in the countryside, entered a private school since childhood, and then served as a teacher throughout his life, teaching in rural primary and middle schools for decades. The green mountains and clear waters, the dusk mist was deep, and the natural beauty of the mountains and rivers made him "like crazy" and picked up his brush.
He followed Li Shutong's student Jin Yuxiang to learn basic skills in painting. From then on, traveling and painting landscapes became his lifelong homework, leaving behind thousands of sketches.
1948, after watching his paintings, Pan Tianshou wrote "Junhui Shuangxi Sketches Collection". In 1963, Lu Yanshao wrote "Sketches of Shi Junhui's Landscapes" for him. When he first met Shi Mingde, he was freehand painting , freehand painting , and , former dean of the Chinese Academy of Fine Arts , Xiao Feng , gave a thumbs up: "I have achieved cultivation, this is worth exploring today's painting world, which is difficult to have excellent freehand paintings."
However, not many people know Shi Mingde, and he is quite calm about his reputation and status. "It's good that people can understand my paintings."
Therefore, Zhuo Hejun, a professor at the Chinese Academy of Fine Arts, commented on him like this: "It is rare for calligraphy and painting to be clear, because it is important to be dull in the mood. He does not seek fame and fortune but only seeks easy pens; he does not seek fashion, but I think I am self-righteous; he does not seek Jinhua ham , only seeks vegetables and radishes, plus a Jinhua crispy cake."
"Drawing is my life, and it is sad if I don't draw. Good things are not drawn, just like I haven't done anything and can't let go, until now." Shi Mingde said.
During the interview, the old man suddenly stood up from the sofa, without anyone helping him. He sat on the ground like a child, picked up his pen, leaned over and wrote on the coffee table.
It turned out that he was worried that we would not understand his Jinhua Mandarin, so he wrote his views on paper word by word.
"He has to drink 5 glasses of water a day, sleep 5 times a day, and can't do anything else, so he knows how to draw." The lady is quite "complained".
When the reporter told the old man about his wife's "complaints", he smiled: "Human life is long and short, and it is always limited, but art can last for a long time. Drawing is something worth my lifelong struggle. Especially landscapes, which bring me happiness, what else can replace happiness?"
The persistence and insights of the 90-year-old man's painting is worth listening to today's people
Landscape and hookah clouds, which is his gradual inner feeling
80 years of painting career, Shi Mingde reads behavior books, and learns to be the only one. He firmly tied the "remaining" of landscape painting creation to the reading and conduct.
When I was a child, the simple scenery of my hometown. In life, the peach trees on the banks of Wujiang were red. Even when I was teaching, a home visit in the snow became a painting in his eyes.
Open the note handwritten by Shi Mingde to the reporter on the spot, with two words in the title: Cracked.
He said that learning traditions, reading painting theory, and finally falling into the pen, we must pay attention to "transformation", that is, turning all the emotions in the scenery into our own language, and having our own style and insights.
"I'm stupid, I didn't melt until I was 70 years old," said Shi Mingde.
(hereinafter referred to as "record", Shi Mingde is referred to as "Shi")
[Enlightenment] Falling mountains and near water, longing for you
I once interviewed the painter Kong Zhongqi, who was in love with mountains and rivers as a child, was his yearning for the real mountains and rivers behind the skyscrapers. The same is true for
Shi Mingde. As the sun sets, the barefoot country boy looked at the dark color of the clear mountains and gradually darkening. He suddenly had an idea in his mind: only by drawing can he retain the beautiful moment.
Note: You are a 3 person from Dongyang html. How can you speak Jinhua dialect?
Shi: I was born in Lingan Village, Dongyang. My great-grandfather and grandfather were both scholars of the Qing Dynasty. My grandfather opened a private school in the hall of his old house, so I followed him to read the Four Books and Five Classics.
When I was 17 years old, I went to Jinhua to study at Zhejiang Provincial No. 7 Middle School (the predecessor of Jinhua No. 1 Middle School). Later, I have been teaching and life in Jinhua in middle school and university. So, all I am talking about Jinhua dialect.
Note: When did you start to be interested in painting?
Shi: When I was a child, I often worked in the fields of my hometown. When I looked up, I saw the scenery in front of me - Oh, how could that mountain look beautiful?
The sun sets, and I stare at the mountains blankly. I have never seen such beautiful colors. I like them from the bottom of my heart, but I just can't draw them and can't express them.
Until I went to Zhejiang Provincial No. 7 Middle School to study, I met Mr. Jin Yuxiang. Jin Yuxiang graduated from Zhejiang two-level Normal School (one of the earliest higher normal schools in China). Li Shutong taught painting and music classes at this school at that time. He was a student of Li Shutong.
I learned my sketches, watercolors, and Chinese paintings from him. Ai Qing and Zhu Heng are also his students. If it weren't for Mr. Jin's teaching, Ai Qing might not have been admitted to the West Lake Arts College (the predecessor of the China Academy of Fine Arts), and thus leave Jinhua and become a poet.
Note: There are many landscape paintings in your works, why do you have a special liking for landscapes?
Shi: It is related to the landscape of my hometown. When I see the peach blossoms in spring and the autumn mangroves , I am so excited that I have to go crazy and have to draw them.
There is another reason, which is related to literary works. I like the poems of Li Bai , Wang Wei , Meng Haoran , Tao Yuanming , I like the poems very much, I want to draw the landscapes in the poem.
Note: Which poem do you like the most?
Shi: I remember there is a book called "Tang people's poems for Tang Dynasty", which has two lines of poetry: The empty mountains are scattered and the birds are scattered and merged, and the clouds are cloudy and sunny. I have seen the way described in the poem in the mountains and is very energetic.
People should read more poems. If you read more, you will have the courage to paint. The artistic conception in the poem is closely linked to life.
Once, my father and I went up the mountain to chop wood. When we were tired of walking, we were resting. When I looked at the mountain in front of me, two lines of poetry appeared.
(The old man took out his pen and slowly wrote it on the reporter's notebook: pick up firewood and go down the high mountain, and look up at the autumn mountain.)
I am very proud of these two sentences.
[Sketching] If you are not moved, you are not well drawn.
Read thousands of books and travel thousands of miles. Although it is an old saying, every word is true. Shi Mingde regards it as the "guidor" of painting.
He insisted on sketching throughout his life, " Anti-Japanese War was interrupted for a period of time", and since then, he persisted until he was nearly 90 years old.
The mountains, rivers, trees and houses in his writing are all the scenery that is familiar to the heart. In his 80s, he still stubbornly climbed up a dam up to 100 meters high, took out a pen from his pocket, and stood at the top to "swim" sketch. After finishing the painting, it was not finished, but he had to "occupy" the conference room of the reservoir, just to create it again based on the sketching manuscript.
"Learning from nature is the most important thing." This is a sentence he often talks about.
Note: Many of your landscape paintings are true reflections of the natural scenery that travels around the world.
Shi: It is not necessary to carry a bag to travel far and wide, and travel to famous mountains and rivers near the countryside and to take everything from the body. It is also a good way to travel thousands of miles.
For example, I teach at Putang Primary School in Lipu, Jinhua, where I also love painting the scenery of the mountains. The teachers in the school were having difficulty visiting home in the heavy snow in the hills in the south, and I also drew these scenes.
Note: You love sketching. After painting for so many years, are you tired or lacking inspiration?
Shi: Landscape paintings should write about the natural beauty of mountains and rivers, and also express the love of the painter for mankind and nature in his heart.
For example, Wang Wei of the Southern Dynasty said in " Painting ", "Looking at the autumn wind, the spirit is flying; facing the spring breeze, the thoughts are vast", this is a kind of passion.
Drawing requires passion. It is better to touch the scene and express emotions, and to paint with feelings, than to write without feelings. If you are not moved, you will be forced to draw, but you will not be able to draw well.
I have a habit of sketching. Whether it is spring, summer, autumn and winter, in the pocket of my top, I need to insert a pen or ballpoint pen, and in the pocket, I need to put a small notebook, because when I go there, I am used to sketching on site, and I will draw it into Chinese painting when I go back at night.
In addition, I often pull back every grass, tree, flower, and leaf, and put it on my desk to paint; and when I was old, what I saw was naturally deeply imprinted in my mind. What I painted was the scenery in my memory.
These places are not in vain. It is very beneficial to draw the roots, branches and sections of those bamboos, because they see big in the small, and each branch is clear, and the "big" one will also be clear. This is the source, which can produce life.
Note: What do you mean by "big"?
年: It is life, it can break the generalization and get your own art.
[Creation] Only by putting out the extra picture can you draw the outside sound
Xiao Feng said that Shi Mingde's big ink splashing ink and high-quality freehand ink painting in his later years have fewer reproduction and expression of a real mountain and real water. There are few traces of it, but they give life thoughts to it.
In the heart of 99-year-old Shi Mingde, the mountains, rivers, clouds, have long turned into inner feelings.
Ma: You have been studying Huang Binhong in your later years. What aspects of him are mainly studied?
Shi: He read a lot and studied the history of Chinese painting the most thoroughly. He was proficient in ancient porcelain, engraving, inscriptions, calligraphy, and history knowledge.
I learned his style before, and later studied his life.
Professor Zhu Heng of the China Academy of Fine Arts said, what is the meaning of what you learned like Huang Binhong? I won't learn his appearance, but his spirit.
Note: What spirit?
Shi: Shen Xiong is vast and broad.
Note: I looked through your album. In the early years, your landscape paintings were all sketches of real scenes. In my old age, they were not depicted truthfully. Did this spirit change you?
Shi: Huang Binhong once said: "Learning inside is to literature outside. Painting is a literary matter. It is not about reading thousands of books or traveling thousands of miles... It is not worth talking about internal beauty."
I often tell students that painting should pay attention to external skills. The skills of painting are what every painter must possess, that is, the idea, layout, brush and ink skills, etc.
What is the off-picture kung fu? It is the painter's knowledge, cultivation, and insight, which is inner beauty.
is precisely the latter that gives the painting inner connotation and artistic conception, making the painting vivid and sound outside the painting when read.
So, let me change it is two words: transform.
Note: Can you explain it?
: It is necessary to have your own style. There are conditions for
to be transformed into it. The first is sketching, and the second is to learn tradition, that is, copying ancient paintings, reading painting history, and painting theory. The most important thing after
is to fully understand one and two and integrate them into your heart. The paintings drawn like
are real art, an art with its own personality.
In the eyes of others, He is very naive, but he has his own thoughts
Narrator: Jiang Yue , Professor of the China Academy of Fine Arts Vice President of the Art Newspaper
I met Mr. Shi Mingde when I was in middle school in Jinhua. At that time, he was a teacher in a rural middle school.
He painted a landscape painting of Jinhua Shuanglong Hydropower Station, and I am still impressed by it.
I remember one time, I drew a figure painting, and when he saw it, he encouraged me.
Later, I published articles or works in the newspaper. Although I had not contacted him for many years, one day, I suddenly received a letter written by him and talked about his views.
He is very persistent in painting and is an innocent old man. He is not good at speaking and a little dull. But he does not follow many artistic issues, but has his own thoughts and is very serious.
He graduated from National Yingshi University and received a Western school education, so he pays great attention to sketching and observes life. At his age, it is already very rare.
His paintings in his later years have changed a lot. In the past, his paintings were very honest, with a cloudy and dull look. In recent years, there has been a strong sense of transparency in paintings. Simple paintings can make people think about them for a long time.
(The original title is "The "Mountain and Field Painting Maniac" Shi Mingde passed away in Jinhua at the age of 108". Editor Zhang Zhongwen)
