Recently, Bali, Indonesia, is particularly lively, and leaders of the world's major economies, rarely reunited here face to face.
The current world, crisis has superposition, and all countries have difficulties. Everyone's urgency can also be seen from the intensive activities. During the G20 summit, the participating countries arranged multiple bilateral and multilateral meetings. Communication is very frequent.
Among this, the Chinese leaders are particularly busy.
In addition to attending the G20 summit, President Xi Jinping held bilateral meetings with leaders of many countries during the gap.
In fact, as soon as some countries landed Indonesian , they said in an interview that they would meet with China.
Why is the international community so looking forward to China's voice? Lord Tan found the answer from six details in the venue.
Let's take a look first, in Bali , which countries' leaders meet with China:
U.S. President Biden
French President Macron French President l4
Dutch Prime Minister Rutt
South African President Ramaphosa
Australian Prime Minister Albanys
South Korean President Yoon Seo-yeol
Senegal President Saal
Argentine President Fernandez
Spanish Prime Minister Sanchez
Indonesia President of West Asia Jokovic
Italian Prime Minister Meloni
President Xi Jinping met with many foreign leaders here
These countries are very representative. From a geographical perspective, it covers Europe, North America, South America, Africa, , Oceania, , and Asia. In terms of distance, there is Argentina, the farthest country in the world, and South Korea, a neighboring country that faces China across the sea.
From the development stage, there is the United States, the world's largest economy, and , Senegal, one of the world's least developed countries. Different countries have different development stages and different difficulties faced by different countries. They all want to talk to China.
Why? President Xi Jinping’s speech at the G20 summit has the answer hidden.
The common development of all countries is the real development. The prosperity and stability of the world cannot be based on the poorer the poorer and the richer the richer. Every country wants to live a good life, modernization is not a privilege of any country. Countries that are ahead should sincerely help other countries develop and provide more global public products. A great country should have the responsibility of a great country and should do its best to the cause of global development.
Faced with the global economic development dilemma, if you want to break the deadlock, a big country must be responsible.
It is not easy to be responsible. Take this G20 summit as an example. In order to allow countries to discuss the important problems of economic recovery, Indonesian media appealed to leaders of the participating countries before the meeting, "Please don't just quarrel when you come to Bali." Then they directly called out the names of G7 countries including the United States.
But this effort was disappointed the second day of the conference - some countries "pulled small circles" to discuss the missile explosion in Poland , pulling the topic to the camp, and also affecting the agenda of the G20 summit.
G7 National leaders arrange emergency meetings on the issue of missile explosion in Poland
Accelerating regional issues in a way that intensifies the confrontation between ideological , but avoid talking about common issues in the broader international community. This is what some countries do.
In contrast, China said this:
Food and energy security are the most urgent challenges in the field of global development.
must firmly oppose the politicization, instrumentalization and weaponization of food and energy issues, the revocation of unilateral sanctions, and the cancellation of restrictions on relevant scientific and technological cooperation.
Everyone knows who they are talking about. Whether it is the most serious food and energy security issues now, or the most prominent inflation issues in the global economy of , everyone knows who is the initiator.
China is concerned about the food crisis and has also provided solutions to this crisis.
Just a few days ago, the international forum for " hybrid rice foreign aid and world food security" was held. Since 1979, China's hybrid rice has been sown far away in nearly 70 countries on five continents, providing developing countries with Chinese solution . A job is about development and security.
The world needs attitudes and voices to solve these problems.
A lot of the countries that met with China were developed countries.
The current global problem, what role should developed countries play? President Xi Jinping explained clearly at the G20 summit:
should curb global inflation and resolve systemic economic and financial risks, especially developed economies should reduce the negative spillover effect of the adjustment of monetary policy and stabilize debt at a sustainable level.
There are many problems in the world economy of , and developed countries should bear great responsibility.
The negative spillover effect of monetary policy adjustments in developed countries has triggered a crisis, but now, developed countries are facing a situation of "burning themselves".
The inflation levels of several developed countries in the G20 have mostly hit new highs in decades. In order to curb inflation, developed countries have launched a significant hike in rate hike in , triggering a global "rate hike".
The result is that the world economy is in the most serious economic slowdown period. However, in this context, disasters do not happen singly.
The interest rate hike has caused debt repayment costs in many countries to soar, and has triggered the risk of debt crisis . The debt repayment burden of middle-income developing countries has been at its highest level in 30 years.
The world economy is facing the risk of recession, everyone is not having a good life, and developing countries are the first to bear the brunt. As the crisis is superimposed, President Xi Jinping proposed China's solution:
International Monetary Fund should accelerate the implementation of the process of transferring special draw rights to low-income countries. International financial institutions and commercial creditors, as the main creditors of developing countries, should participate in debt mitigation actions for developing countries.
In fact, as early as the 2020 G20 summit, a preliminary initiative to alleviate the debt difficulties of low-income countries was formed, but developed countries were not active.
China is the country with the largest amount of debt relief among the G20 member countries, and the total amount of debt relief is the largest among the G20 members, providing an important security buffer for the global debt crisis.
The fundamental means to solve these problems are still development.
But developed countries have continued to have low economic growth for many years, and what these countries care about is the "multiple-share cake".
China has been "making a big cake". From 2013 to 2021, China's average contribution rate to world economic growth was 38.6%, which exceeded the sum of the contribution rates of G7 countries.
Developed countries are not only unable to solve the problems they cause, but also unable to solve the problems they develop.
China, which proposed a global development initiative, has become one of the few countries that can come up with solutions to development problems. A country that is in the dilemma of development will naturally look at China.
During the G20 summit, there was a bilateral meeting that was particularly worth talking about. That is the bilateral meeting between the Chinese and South Korean leaders. After three years, the Chinese and South Korean leaders met again.
Chinese and Korean leaders met with
The regular press conference of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs on the 15th also specifically explained the bilateral meeting: This is the first formal meeting between the two heads of state, which is of great significance.
South Korea is one of the few developed countries in Asia, and the topics of China and South Korea are also very special. Master Tan noticed that there was a word in the news released after the meeting - high-tech manufacturing.
The significance of high-tech manufacturing to the Korean economy is particularly different. Not long before this meeting, the South Korean Ministry of Finance issued a warning that exports, as the main driving force of South Korea's economy, are in a downturn, and South Korea's economic growth may slow down in this context.
The export volume of the semiconductor industry accounts for nearly 20% of South Korea's total export volume. In July this year, South Korea's chip export volume plummeted by 22.7%, the first decline in the past three years.
The most direct reason is the US policy - the US Chip and Science Act has enlisted Korean companies to build factories in the United States through subsidies, with the intention of "emptying" the South Korean chip industry.
Not only that, the United States has also established a "Chip Four-Party Alliance" to require South Korea and other allies to follow its export restrictions to China, with the intention of forcing South Korea to decouple from China in the chip industry chain. China is South Korea's largest chip market. Survey data shows that South Korea's chip exports to China have increased by nearly 13 times in 20 years.
The United States suppressed South Korea's chip manufacturing capabilities on the one hand and stuck South Korea's chip exports on the other. This artificial behavior of blocking the industrial chain and supply chain links has also put the South Korean economy under great pressure.
How to solve the problem of industrial chain and supply chain? This is one of the most mentioned problems by President Xi Jinping on various occasions in G20. At the G20 summit, President Xi Jinping said this:
Countries should respect each other, seek common ground while reserving differences, live peacefully, and promote the construction of an open world economy of . They should not harm their neighbors, build "small courtyards and high walls", and build closed and exclusive "small circles".
Who is harming the neighbors? Who is building the "small courtyard and high wall"? Everyone knows it in their hearts. How to choose? Facing the South Korean President, President Xi Jinping said it very clearly:
jointly maintains the international free trade system, ensures the security, stability and smoothness of the global industrial chain and supply chain, and opposes the politicization and pan-security of economic cooperation.
Similar expressions also appeared in the exchanges between Chinese and Dutch leaders.
President Xi Jinping mentioned that China and the Netherlands should oppose the politicization of economic and trade issues and maintain the stability of the global industrial chain and supply chain. Dutch Prime Minister Rutt also expressed his willingness to expand dialogue and cooperation with China in areas such as innovation.
Dutch is also an important link in the global chip industry chain - lithography machine giant Asmay (ASML) is a Dutch company. Previously, the United States also obstructed lithography machine transactions between the Netherlands and China.
Whether countries choose to decouple or connect, the exchanges of leaders are the best response.
The Chinese and Australian leaders met on the G20 for 6 years.
Australian Prime Minister Albanes arrived in Bali on November 14 and was interviewed by media at the airport
As soon as the plane landed, Australian Prime Minister Albanes released the idea of meeting Chinese leaders to media in various countries.Look at the three sentences Albanese mentioned to the media:
With kindness
No prerequisites
Looking for constructive dialogue
These three sentences have some clues to the root cause of the problems in China-Australia relations over the years.
China-Australia relations have been at the forefront of China's relations with developed countries for a long time. The problem arises after Australia no longer takes the path of independent development and actively joins the "small circle".
The US, Japan, India and Australia "Quadrilateral Security Dialogue" mechanism, the US, Britain and Australia trilateral security partnership, and the US and Australia "2+2" talks, one after another, each with Australia. It is the cooperation between the two countries that are at a loss, and it is the one who suffers from the loss.
In the past two years, many Australian officials have called on China, wanting to communicate with China, but China does not answer the phone. This time, there was finally an opportunity to meet, and Australian officials continued to send signals to improve relations with China before leaving.
This bilateral meeting that Australia has been waiting for for 6 years is 12 minutes longer than originally planned. China has felt Australia's sincerity. During the meeting, President Xi Jinping said:
China attaches great importance to Australia's recent willingness to improve and develop bilateral relations.
President Xi Jinping also mentioned:
There has never been a fundamental conflict of interests between China and Australia. Some are the traditional friendship and highly complementary economic structure of the two peoples, and some are the common demands to safeguard the purposes and principles of the UN Charter.
China and Australia are both important countries in the Asia-Pacific region. They should improve, maintain and develop bilateral relations. This is not only in the fundamental interests of the people of both countries, but also conducive to promoting peace and development in the Asia-Pacific region and world.
Two sentences, two layers of meaning.
The first layer, China is a large market and the main trading partner of more than 140 countries and regions. At the moment of global economic difficulties, everyone wants to cooperate with China, and it is precisely because of complementarity.
The second layer, Australia is an "important" country, and the key to whether it is to independently follow the path of its own development to unite and cooperate, or to follow the footsteps of others and engage in confrontation and competition.
Just like President Xi Jinping quoted Indonesian proverb: "Sugarcane grows in the same cave, and lemongrass grows in clusters."
Australia has proved that it cannot continue to be divided and confrontation.
China has always breathed, shared a shared destiny and developed in the same way as developing countries. Among the developing countries that meet with China, there is one very special one - Senegal.
Chinese and Serbian leaders met with
In communicating with President Xi Jinping, Senegalese President Saal expressed his gratitude:
Thanks China for its valuable help to Serbia and African countries, and was the first to publicly support the African Union's joining the G20 initiative.
The reason is that in the speech at the G20 summit, President Xi Jinping proposed to the participants: China supports the African Union to join the G20.
Senegalese President Saal is the current rotating chairman of the African Union. The African region is an imbalance that global governance urgently needs to be broken through.
As a whole, Africa is the eighth largest economy in the world, but Africa still lacks the right to speak in the world economy. In the G20, there is only South Africa in Africa.
What's more, as one of the most vulnerable economies, countries in Africa are also at the forefront of being impacted by the world economic situation.At present, these countries are facing the dual dilemma of weak development foundation and the containment of the United States and Western countries.
Take Senegal himself as an example.
Not long ago, Senegal discovered new oil and gas fields and planned to be exploited next year - these resources will provide new impetus for Senegal's economic development.
Some Western media have slandered it as "a suffocating new source of pollution that causes the global warming of ".
At the same time, at the United Nations Climate Change Conference this year, developed countries are still evading relevant responsibilities - more than ten years ago, developed countries made a commitment to provide at least US$100 billion a year to help developing countries cope with climate change, and to this day, this fund has not been fully fulfilled.
This year, the Senegalese president attended the G20 summit, and part of his demands was to make developed countries responsible for their commitments.
The beginning of the China-Serbian meeting is that both sides should work together on the road of development and revitalization. As a pioneer in economic transformation and upgrading in developing countries, China's sharing of experience in industrialization is a feasible and credible reference and help for Senegal.
Looking at the framework of G20, G20 has completed its own innovation by absorbing developing countries.
In the two financial crises in the 1990s and 2008, G20 successively established the meeting mechanism of the Finance Minister and the Central Bank of presidents and the leaders' summit mechanism, which included the growing emerging economies in the governance map of the global economy; in 2016, China, as the chairman country, included " digital economy " for the first time in the G20's innovative growth blueprint, giving important plans for global economic recovery.
As the largest developing country, China is not only providing development samples to other developing countries, but also helping developing countries expand their discourse space in global governance.
The G20 summit is approaching, and President Xi Jinping held talks with Indonesian Prime Minister Joko Widodo.
Before the talks, Xi Jinping and Jokovic first watched the Jakarta-Bandung high-speed rail test operation together. This project shortens the travel time of Jakarta to Bandung from the current more than 3 hours to 40 minutes.
Jiabati High-speed Railway jointly built by China and Indonesia was successfully run
Because of the Jakarta-Bandung high-speed railway, Indonesia has also become the first country in ASEAN to have a high-speed railway. "First" is worthy of pride, but it is also sad.
Like most developing countries and least developed countries, Indonesia has experienced Western colonial rule, but the first Western countries to achieve industrialization have never helped these developing countries build a modern railway.
The West has not helped other countries, such as Argentina. However, when receiving assistance from Western countries, developing countries such as Argentina have to sell their national resources or be forced to privatize national pillar industries. The infiltration and control of the aided countries has seriously weakened the national industrialization capabilities. There are many lessons to learn from it.
When developed countries "be ahead" cannot provide new public products to the world, the "Belt and Road" initiative is exactly the solution provided by China to the world.
The development of Argentina, which was once at the forefront of the world, has now become a representative of the difficulty of getting out of the development dilemma. The solution that Argentina is looking for is also the "Belt and Road".
At this G20 summit, Argentine President Fernandez was hospitalized for treatment due to health problems, but he still insisted on holding a meeting with President Xi Jinping.
Just before meeting with President Xi Jinping, he personally discussed railway and highway construction projects in many provinces in Argentina with China Railway International Group Co., Ltd.
Cooperation with China's "Belt and Road" allows Argentina's grain-producing products, known as the "world's granary", to choose low-cost railway transportation to coastal ports for export, thereby revitalizing price advantages in international competition, which will improve Argentina's trade structure and bring more foreign exchange income. This is a real solid step for Argentina, which has repeatedly faced sovereign debt problems, and has taken a "vicious cycle" of debt default, , international financing difficulties, and stagnant development.
No matter which country, the most core concern is development.
China's idea of solving development problems is not only the current benefits, but also the provision of public products to help other countries truly gain long-term development capabilities.
Next year marks the tenth anniversary of the proposal of the "Belt and Road" initiative. There will be more and more common witnesses to the global significance of China's solution.
At the G20 Summit, President Xi Jinping once again issued an era question about "What's wrong with the world, what should we do?"
This is a problem that every country has to face in this era.
China has given its own answer.
The road is wide, and it can be left and right.
Which people want, the way can be accomplished.
