Chinese people often use red to represent auspiciousness and wealth. The red porcelain, known as the "Thousand Kilns and One Treasure", has become the main type of porcelain for sacrifice, furnishing and ornament since the Yuan Dynasty. The founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty Zhu Yuanzhang likes red, and his preferences influenced Yongxuan. At this time, red glaze began to mature like blue and white .
Red glaze porcelain originated from Jun kiln in the Song Dynasty and was fired in Jingdezhen in the Yuan Dynasty. The bright red of the Ming Dynasty in the Yongle period has become famous in the world. The Yide period has developed to a new peak. The bright glaze color and the beauty of the tones are difficult to match in later generations.
bright red glaze bowl The red glaze of the Ming Xuande
Xuande period is generally called " gem red ", also called " sacrifice red ", "fog red", "accum red", "drunk red", "big red", "chicken blood red", " cow blood red ", etc., with many names. It is now commonly called "red glaze".
However, Xuande Red Glaze Because of Zheng He's voyage to the West, the red glaze brought back is made of a large amount of ruby material, and the workers' skills are getting better and better. The colors of red glaze are dark, slightly dark, light, and light. The dark color is black and red, with thick glaze and more bubbles; the slightly dark color is bright, with a slightly thinner glaze than the former, and there are also bubbles; the light color is particularly clear, like ruby; the light type is like the rosy peach blossoms, and the glaze surface is smooth, but the formation of this glaze is precious.
bright red glaze plate Ming Xuande
In terms of identification, the characteristics of Xuande bright red porcelain can be roughly summarized into the following points:
(1) There are red glaze applied to both the inside and the outside and red glaze applied to the outer wall. The inner wall is transparent glaze. Those who do not apply red glaze in the inner wall of the utensil are often thinner in body, and some have printed patterns, but the patterns are blurred. Most of the red glaze surfaces have orange peel patterns.
(2) Any fine and regular utensil has neat "lantern grass edges" with glaze color exposed on the edge of the mouth. Although it is also distinctly red and white, it is not as specially applied as the white edges after Qing Kangxi .
bright red glaze sunflower washing
(3) Any fine and regular utensils have a straight glaze at the bottom and a blue-gray area with a accumulated glaze, while the Qing Dynasty imitations are coagulated black.
(4) For utensils that are slightly thicker, the edge of the mouth does not necessarily have a "lantern grass edge" and the foot near the bottom is green due to oxidation factors. This type of utensil has many brown eyes on the glaze and has open patches. There are two types of
(5) appliances. Most of them are white glaze base, or there are two lines, six-character blue and white regular script styles, with blue and white double circles outside the styles, and some double circles are irregular.
Another type is beige base, which is the same as the "fried beige" base of Kangxi Langyao Red in Qing Dynasty, indicating that Kangxi Langyao Red is made of imitation Xuande Red glaze, but so far, no other red porcelain with apple green bottom of Langyao Red has been found in Xuande utensils.
lang kiln slip-mouth bottle
Although no artifacts were found in Xuande cowpea red glaze, specimens from Xuande were found in the ruins of the Imperial Kiln Factory in Jingdezhen. Therefore, in the past, the light red glaze variety cowpea red was regarded as a misunderstanding as the creation of the Kangxi dynasty of the Qing Dynasty. The fried beige base red glaze and cowpea red glaze in the above Kangxi utensils are similar to the Xuande utensils, which shows that many varieties of the Kangxi utensils were imitated from Xuande porcelain.
(6) The edges of some objects often reveal the white fetus and form tendons, such as the ten-edge washing of the Palace Museum in Beijing , and the lotus-petal braised pot of the Palace Museum in Taiwan.
(7) There are also varieties of gold-painted decorations in Xuande bright red vessels.
bright red glaze gold color cloud dragon pattern plate Ming Xuande
or above is the general situation of Xuande red glaze porcelain. If you want to know more porcelain knowledge, click the column below. All the identification knowledge points are here!
