The title of a city, whether it is ancient or modern, always has a specific direction. As a first-level administrative system, the name " Xixiu District " was renamed today. When it was "merged and built" in 2000, it was renamed after the merger of Anshun City and Anshun County at the former county level. Why was it named after "Xixiu"? People will naturally think of Xixiu Mountain in the center of the city, and this prominent geographical feature quickly became the first choice for city name change. Nowadays, when people have become accustomed to this title and come back to know Xixiu Mountain, besides geographical representation, what historical and cultural phenomena are worth our permanent commemoration?
Falling View of Xixiu Mountain Photo by Jiang Xuying Jiang Xiaoyun Provides the records of Xixiu Mountain. It was first seen in the "Guizhou Tujing New Chronicle" in the Ming Dynasty during the Hongzhi period (1488-1505). The volume 14 of this record " Puding Guard Military and Civil Command and Commander" records: "Xixiu Mountain is located in the west of the Acropolis, with a mountain squatting like a tiger. The forest is lush, with seven levels of the Buddha stone tower on it, which stands tall and spectacular to the guards." The journal has painted "Pudingwei Geography Map", which is the earliest map of Anshun discovered 550 years ago. As can be seen from the picture, in the overall layout of the old city, there are two small hills surrounded by surrounding city walls, which appear to be extremely prominent, namely Xixiu Mountain and Dongsheng Mountain. The book also lists: "Dongsheng Mountain is southeast of the Acropolis, several ft higher and twice as long. It is commonly known as Qinglong Mountain." From this we can see that "Xixiu" and "Dongsheng" correspond to each other, because the south direction of the old city starts with the south gate as the axis point.
However, the text in Xixiu Mountain is "Baihu Mountain". The entry in the book contains the words "The mountain shape is like a tiger", which means that at least 550 years ago, Xixiu Mountain is also called Baihu Mountain. It is in line with the Qinglong Mountain, a custom of Dongsheng Mountain. It is connected to the ancient city feng shui. The intersection of Xinda Cross South Street is the South City Gate, which stands in the middle, with a green dragon on the left and a white tiger on the right, and a tiger occupies a dragon on the right, which is a star of a heroic earthly spirits and men.
With the demolition of the ancient city wall after the Republic of China, the boundary of the old city was also broken. The flat Qinglong Mountain was covered with large areas of houses, and Xixiu Mountain was highlighted, and it was known as the "No. 1 Mountain in Guizhou" in ancient times. In addition, there is a stone pagoda on the top of the mountain, and Yuantong Temple is located on the north side of the mountain. The blending of natural forms and cultural landscapes together constitute the most eye-catching urban landmark.
Yuantong Temple north of Xixiushan Mountain "Cultural Anshun" Editorial Department Photo by
After the mid-Ming Dynasty, there have been more related records of Xixiushan. During the Chenghua period, a man from Luling, Jiangxi Province, left a seven-character poem called "Xixiu Mountain" in his dream:
Mountains surrounded the Brave border city, and the lonely peaks on the city have a bright vision.
0,000 falling clouds open and the sky is vast, and the moon clears and water clears.
days hanging on the geese pagoda, wind and frost, and spring warm willow chants.
When he was in his hometown, he was a Jinshi and asked about the people's feelings.
Zhou was appointed as the assistant chief of the Guizhou Censorate in the 20th year of Chenghua (1484). When he wrote this poem, he should be in office. This poem is also the earliest Xixiu Mountain inscription discovered so far. By the Jiajing Dynasty, Xixiu Mountain was the first scenic spot in Guizhou, and many officials came to visit. There are written records in the "Volume 8" of "Guizhou Tongzhi" of Jiajing. In addition to Tashan, there is another Guanfeng Pavilion built on the top of the mountain, which is hung on the top of the mountain. It was built by Yang Chunfang, the inspector of the Censor of Jiajing (1536). The deputy envoy Han Shiying wrote a poem:
The lonely mountain is like a pot that cannot form a peak, and the arrival of the late step is also in the sky.
Jimu Township is still far away, and the sad people are always the same every year.
Watch the groom in the world, and the power of the north is Zhenxiong.
I want to go upstairs in spring, but I feel ashamed of "watching the wind".
Han Shiying, from Nanchong, Sichuan. He was a Jinshi in the ninth year of Zhengde (1514) of Emperor Wuzong of the Ming Dynasty. Later, he served as the governor of Guizhou, the Censor of the Ministry of War, etc. In the 14th year of Jiajing (1535), the "Baiyun Temple" in the east of Guiyang City was purchased to build the "Yangming Academy".
Later, the inspector censor Zhao Dayou easy to "see the wind" into "all valleys, clouds and smoke", and left two seven-character poems:
Qingqiu crosses the ladder in one step, and the old monk is quiet and quiet.
The fragrance shadows of the sky are all over the city, and the green surrounding the plain reflects the city low.
Hua Tanlong stays in the monk's bowl, and the clock roosters chant at midnight.
A total of three lives in the two trees, and the sick man left a question.
The customs of the flower palace are far away from the green shade, who can keep the best tracks?
Good luck watching the mountain guests arrive, and the clouds are always offering sacrifices to the Brahma King.
Greedy to drive away the horse from the dusty road, and want to use the Zen forest to make poisonous dragons.
After a while, I returned to the Zhidun couch, shook my clothes and went to caress the stone platform.
Zhao Dayou is a native of Taiping, Anhui, and Wanli's "Guizhou Tongzhi" lists famous officials in Guizhou. In the 20th year of Jiajing (1541), he served as the inspector and censor. The book says that he is "resolute and straight, and he will not reply to the law enforcement. When facing major events, he will make big doubts and stop talking in a few words." His style can be seen in the poem. A few years later, in the 28th year of Jiajing (1549), the inspector censor Zhang Yu came here and left a seven-character poem:
The hard work in the southeast is gone, and the dust in the northwest is not enough.
General Iron Horse is setting the sun, inheriting the May Division of Zhuqi.
Good fortune is good for the Lord, and life is the youthful time.
Linggao is not a Xintingke, the jade dew and golden pendant are thinking about it.
From above, we can see that climbing Xixiu Mountain at that time, it was a fashion for literati to travel. In the sixth year of Longqing (1572), Wu Guolun, who was the deputy envoy of Guizhou Education, came here and renamed Xixiu Mountain to Shilian Peak. Wu Guolun was a famous writer in the Ming Dynasty and was one of the "Last Seven Sons" of the Ming Dynasty. In the early stage of the "Last Seven Sons", it was represented by Li Panlong and Wang Shizhen and . After the death of the king, Wu Guolun became the leader of the literary world.
The new big cross was newly built in the late 1980s. The Zhengqian Building is the former county-level Anshun Municipal Party Committee Building. Behind the building is Xixiu Mountain. Picture source: "Mirror Anshun"
When the "Guiji Record" was published in the 36th year of Wanli (1608), the geographical and landscapes of the prefectures, prefectures, states, and counties listed are also the most detailed. The "Xixiu Mountain" entry in the "Landscape Stories" follows the theory of "Tujing".
Qing Dynasty , the text related to Xixiu Mountain is more wider, especially the stone pagoda located on the top of Xixiu Mountain. It can be said that the pagoda contains rich cultures of Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism, and each has its own theory.
query related information, analyze the rules of building a city in ancient times, when building this tower, the original intention should be used to cultivate the Feng Shui of the county city, that is to say, the tower was a Feng Shui tower earlier. "Hanshun Prefecture Anshun Prefecture Chronicles·Yiwenzhi" in Xianfeng of the Qing Dynasty records: "After the county city was built, the shape of the city was not towering in the south, and a tower was built in the southern corner to highlight the image of civilization." According to the ancient saying of the five elements, Anshun surrounded the mountains and five stars on all sides, which was originally auspicious place, and the south of the city was in a gentle and unsatisfactory situation. In addition, the terrain is high in the north and low in the south, and the water flows into the Sanmen, and it flows to the south. Therefore, experts chose the celestial phenomena and earth veins, believing that building a tower on Xixiu Mountain can replenish the shortcomings of Feng Shui. The tower is formed, and it is indeed suitable for the distance, height and height, and it is just right for the stars above and the direction below, like the heaven and earth.
With the widespread spread of Buddhism in Guizhou, this pagoda is closely related to Yuantong Temple in the north of the mountain. Monks of all dynasties have regarded it as a symbol of the Buddha's land. Judging from the well-preserved pagoda, the pagoda is obviously another pagoda. The entire stone tower belongs to the "regular hexagonal conical pavilion-style closed stone tower". The base is nearly 2 meters high, each side is 3 meters long and the circumference is 18 meters. The tower body is divided into nine levels, with a total height of about ten meters. The six Buddha names are engraved on the six outer walls, namely:
00 billion incarnations of Sakyamuni Buddha
Namo Western guide Amitabha Buddha
Namo Perfect Reward Body Lushana Buddha
Namo Pure Dharma Body Kunluzhana Buddha
Namo Here comes the lower body Maitreya True Buddha
Namo Master Ksitigarbha Bodhisattva
Precisely because this pagoda is a pagoda, the protection of all dynasties has been endless, and many records have been left behind in history. For example, monk rings were rebuilt in the 20th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1592), monks were rebuilt in the 10th year of Chongzhen (1637), monks were rebuilt in the 2nd year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty (1797), monks were rebuilt in the 2nd year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty (1797). Today's stone pagoda was rebuilt in the first year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (1851), and has been around for more than 160 years. There are also carved stones on the wall of the second level tower on the north side of the tower: "Rebuilt by Shao Hongru in the first year of Xianfeng"; the second level tower on the south side is also carved with the donation of twenty taels of gold by the former prefect Hu Linyi, as well as the names of county gentry such as Yang Chunfa, who donated the gentry.
Xixiu Mountain Stone Tower Photo by Li Yongzhong
In the text that has been preserved, this pagoda promotes Confucianism, and Zhang Xian’s Wenyun’s records are also frequently seen in historical records. Since the Ming Dynasty, the tower has been known as the "Wenfeng Pagoda", which is to advocate education and encourage young people to study and study. The "Guizhou Tongzhi" of the Wanli period in the Ming Dynasty listed it as "Pu Ding Eight Scenerys" (Pu Ding, which is now Anshun, and Anshun before the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty was called Pu Ding Acropolis), and was called "Wenfeng Sunset". In the Qing Dynasty, the "Bifeng is towering and green", ranked first among the eight scenic spots of the county town. During the Guangxu period, Guo Shinong, a famous scholar in Anshun, wrote "Ode to the Eight Scenerys of Xi'an", and left a seven-character poem with the title "The Bifeng is Tingxi":
How can there be a large brushstroke in the sky? The tower is round and clear and looks supple.
is covered with rain and dew, and waving from all things to the sky.
Zhong Wang Likai saw him, Yan Xu Ci Zhang passed him freely.
reveals the spirit of the human world, and the colorful clothes are chanting together with the immortals.
It is worth mentioning that the "Repair of the Wenfeng Monument of Anjun" discovered by the district court in 1986 when the infrastructure was demolished, leaving behind a rare cultural and historical record. The full text is as follows:
The song "Deer Song" and feasts on "Qionglin", it must be said that the earth spirit and the heroes of the people. Therefore, everyone under the sky chooses high to build a tower, claiming that his people are well-known and spiritual, and to encourage their study to study, Zi Xinxi worked hard to revitalize the school and inspire talents. Therefore, it is said that the tower is a great meaning of Wenfeng Tower! The tower in Xi'an County City has been old, and it has been ruined for a long time. In recent years, there have been two subjects who have not yet entered the wise book. There are two departments in the department, "Climbing the candles, scraping the dirt and polishing it, and I am lucky to be selected. Who says that there are many things but not promoting it? All the karmas cannot be refined. No need to worry about the lack of "Wenfeng" in full force, probably we should discuss it. If you are a student, you should seek to do your best. Therefore, when learning, seeking to do your best in your heart, it is not a slow and fast-paced reputation. When you are a young man, you should not think of diligence. If you are a young man, you should deceive your heart. I have a private society, and I should consider being close to the people as my job. If you are close to the people, you will not have any good governance in the world. The "Biography" does not say: "What the people like, they like; what the people hate, they hate it. This is called the parents of the people. "People in the county may have claimed that Wenfeng is in trouble and have a bad reputation, so they donated their integrity to cultivate it. When they started working, they were transferred to Pu'an. They were very melancholy and talked about a few words to understand the meaning of apology. This is the record.
In the first month of the second year of Xianfeng, Puding Order Yuyao Shao Hongru wrote
The monument was erected in the first month of the second year of Xianfeng, and was written by Shao Hongru, the magistrate of Puding County. At that time, Puding County was the Guo County of Anshun Prefecture, and the same city as the prefecture. From the inscription, we can see that there are reasons for building this stone pagoda. First, the pagoda has been destroyed over the years; second, in the past 10 years, the two provincial and rural examinations of the provincial and urban areas, none of Anshun passed the examination. "Wenfeng" was not selected, which is a strange phenomenon. The purpose of building this pagoda is to "encourage his study and work hard to revitalize the school and inspire talents." "If you have a way of doing your own thing, please do your best. Therefore, when learning, I seek to learn everything in my heart, not to be a slow and quick study of the subject." In the article, this "parents" stated his way of learning and motivated scholars to hope that the imperial examination in An County would be prosperous and the literary style would be prosperous.
1 Now Xixiu Mountain has become the city center of Anshun. Editorial department of "Cultural Anshun" Photo
· Introduction to the oralist
Ding Wuguang: is currently a member of the Chinese Dream of Red Mansions Society, vice president of the Guizhou Dream of Red Mansions Research Society, Guizhou Provincial Museum of Literature and History special researcher, vice president of Anshun Qianzhong Cultural Research Association, vice president of Tunbao Cultural Society, consultant of Anshun Writers Association, consultant of the Municipal Collectors Association, consultant of the Municipal Batik Association, and inspector of the Anshun Municipal Government.
