happen, take place
both have the meaning of "occurrence".
happen: refers to the occurrence of things, which often has the meaning of "accidental".
What happened to you? What happened to you?
Maybe something unexpected happened. Maybe something unexpected happened.
I happened to see him on my way home.
It happens that I am free today.
take place: refers to arranging or planning in advance and then happening, without the meaning of "accidental".
When does the party take place?When does the party take place?
The election will take place against a backdrop of increasing instability.
The proceedings of the enquiry will take place in private. The inquiry will be conducted in secret.
Great changes have taken place in our hometown during the past ten years.
2. must, have to
must represent the speaker's subjective view; and have to represent objective needs. mustn't means "no; no allowed"; don't have to mean "not necessary". For example:
(1)My father had to work when he was ten years old.
(2)The play is not interesting. I really must go now.
3. arrive , reach , get to
all have the meaning of "reach".
reach: is a transitive verb.
They reached Tianjin yesterday. They arrived in Tianjin yesterday.
arrive is an intransitive verb, followed by the preposition in or at.
get to is often used in spoken language and can replace the first two.
4.because , because of
both mean "because"
because is a conjunction and a guided adverbial clause.
We stayed at home because it rained.
because of is a phrase preposition followed by noun words.
We stayed at home because of the rain.
5. in front of, in the front of
in front of… means "before...", the nail object is before object B, and the two do not include each other; its antonym is behind (behind...). For example:
He walked in fount of me. He walked in front of me.
There are some flowers in fount of the house. There are some flowers in front of the house.
in the front of means "in the front part in a certain space", that is, object A is within the range of object B; its antonym is at the back of… (in the back part within the range).
such as: There is a big desk and a blackboard in the fount of our classroom.
There is a large table and a blackboard in front of our classroom.
Our teacher stands in the fount of the classroom. Our teacher stands in front of the classroom
6. look , see , watch
all have the meaning of "see".
look is the process of watching.
I looked , but saw nothing . I looked, but saw nothing.
see is the result of watching. (see a film to watch movies)
see a play to watch plays (plays)
watch is to watch moving things or watch them in a calm and clear manner.
watch a football match to watch football match.
watch TV watching TV
7. sometimes; sometimes; some time; some time; some times
sometime is an adverb that can be used in conjunction with the past or future time, indicating "(in the past) some time" or "in the future) some time".
such as: I saw him sometimes in May.
some time is mostly used as a noun phrase, meaning "some time; some time"; it can also be used as an adverb phrase to represent an undetermined moment, at which time it can be interchanged with sometimes.
such as: I'll be away for some time.
sometimes is an adverb that represents the frequency of time, meaning "sometimes".
such as: Sometimes I help my mother with the housework.
some times means "how many times, how many times".
such as: They have been there several times.
8. how long, how often, how far, how soon
how long means "how long, how long", which mainly asks questions for a period of time. The answer is usually (for) three days/weeks/months and other time periods, which can be used in various tenses.
How long do you stay in Beijing every year?
How long do you live in Beijing every year?
how often means "how long... times, whether it is often", and is used to ask questions about the number of times a certain action is usually always, usually, often, sometimes, once/twice a day/month, etc.
How often do you get to school very early?
How often do you get to school very early?
how far means "how far", and it is used when asking questions about distance.
How far is that? How far is that?
how soon means "how long will it take", which is a question about the period from a certain basic time to the end of a certain action in the future or the occurrence of a certain action. It is often used in sentences with general future tense, and its answer is usually "in + a period of time".
-How soon can you finish the work?
-In half an hour.
9. agree with, agree to, agree on
Both have the meaning of "agree" and "agree".
agree with Nouns that often express people or opinions (views) are used as objects. agree with also has the meaning of "suitable" and "suitable". For example: The climate here doesn't agree with him. He is not suitable for the climate here.
agree to It is generally followed by nouns such as proposals, methods, and plans as the object.
agree on reached an agreement on...
10. across , cross, crossing, through, past
(1)cross means "cross, crossing" as a verb, which is equivalent to walking(go, run) across across 2
Look both ways before you cross the road.
(2)cross means "cross, cross" as a preposition, without a verb, cannot be used as a predicate, and is often placed after a verb, such as:
go acrosss
He walked across the field.
(3)through is a preposition, which means "traveling from the middle", which means passing through objects around it.
The ball went through the window.
(4) past can be used as an adjective or an adverb. When used as an adverb, it means: "passing, crossing".
Will you be going past my house on your way home?
(5)crossing means "the ferry crossing, crosswalk, (the intersection of railway and highway).
All the cars should stop before the zebra crossing.
11.on, in, with
(1)on: means using communication tools, information or media, taking transportation, etc.;
I don't want to talk about it on the phone.
(2)in: using language and text media;
Can you speak it in English?
(3) with: With the help of specific means or tools.
Don't write it with a red pen.
12.at,on,in
at, on, in, in all three can represent "at... time".
(1)at: at which time is used; indicates the time point.
I get up at six o'clock in the morning.
(2)On: at which day, which morning (afternoon, evening);
on Wednesday, on Sunday morning, on May I, on a cold morning in 1936
(3)in: indicates which year (season, month), in the morning, afternoon, etc.
in September , in the morning , in the afternoon
13.few, a few; little , a little
Although they all mean "less", few, a few are countable, little, a little is uncountable.
a few, a little contains positive meaning, few, little contains negative meaning.
(1) They have a little ink, don't they?
They have a little ink, do they?
(2) They have little ink, do they?
(3)She has a few Chinese friends, doesn't she?
(3)She has a few Chinese friends, doesn't she?
(4)She has few Chinese friends, does she?
(4)She has few Chinese friends, does she?
He has almost no few Chinese friends, doesn't she?
(5)She has a little dog. She has a little dog.
14.not … until, until
not … until… (The main sentence verb is a transient verb)
(1)He didn't go to bed until his mother came back. . until… (Use continuity verb in the main sentence)
(2)I study hard until it is midnight every day.
15. spend, pay, cost, take
(1)Sb. Spend … on sth. Someone spent… (time, money) on something.
I spend ten yuan on the book. .
(2)spend (in) doing sth. Someone spends…(time, money) doing something.
She spend two hours in drawing the house.
(3)Sb. pay …for …sth. Someone spent…money for something.
I paid 50 yuan for the clothes.
(4)Sth. cost sb. … Something costs someone… money.
It cost us five dollars.
(5)It takes/took sb. … to do sth. Spend someone…(time, money) to do something.
It takes us ten minutes to brush my teeth every day.
16.too much, too many, much too
too much + Uncountable noun too many + Countable noun much too + Adjective, Adverb
(1)There is too much milk in the basket.
(2) She ate too many biscuits yesterday morning.
(3) He runs much too quickly.
(4) The chair is much too expensive.
17.after , in
(1)After+Time period Express sentences that are often used in the past tense after a period of time;
I received the letter after two days .
I received the letter after two days .
I received this letter two days later.
(2) After+ time point A sentence that represents a sentence used for future tense after a period of time in the future.
He will arrive after four o'clock.
(3)in+Time period Starting from the present, it means that sentences that are often used in future tense after a period of time in the future.
You will receive the letter in three days .
You will receive the letter in three days.
18.ago , before
(1) ago is based on the present, indicating that from now on, a few times ago; ago is usually used in conjunction with the general past, and cannot be used in conjunction with the completed time;
I met him three years ago. (Date) Three years ago, I met him.
(2) before is based on the past, indicating that from a certain moment in the past and several times ago. Before is usually used in conjunction with past completions.
I had met him three years before.
(Since then) I saw him once three years ago.
19.alone, lonely
alone is a predicate adjective and can only be used as a predicate pragmatic.
Though I am alone, I am not lonely. Although I am alone, I don't feel lonely.
lonely in addition to the meaning of "lonely", it also has the meaning of "lonely". In addition, when explaining the characteristics, there are also the meanings of "sparsely visited" and "desolate".
He was taken to a lonely house.
20.also , either , too , as well
also is used for affirmative sentences. You study English and I also study it.
If you learn English, I will learn too.
either is used to defy the sentence and placed at the end of the sentence;
You don't study English and I don't study it either.
If you don’t learn English, I won’t learn either.
too and as well are used for affirmative sentences and are placed at the end of the sentence, mostly used in spoken language.
For example:
You are a student and I am a student, too.
You are a student, so do I.
You know the way and I know it as well.
You know the way, and I know too.
21.as,when,while
When: It can be used in conjunction with the time of a point or a period of time. The clause verb can be a transient or continuative verb. The actions of clauses and the actions of the main sentence can be at the same time, and precede the actions of the main sentence.
When the teacher came in,the students stood up. When the teacher comes in, the students stand up.
While: Only refer to a period of time, not a moment. Therefore, the predicate verb in the while clause must be a continuation verb. It means that a long period of time or process, the actions of the main sentence and the clause occur simultaneously.
Don't talk while you areeating. Don't talk while eating.
As: The actions of the main sentence and the clause occur simultaneously, and can sometimes be translated as "one side..., one side".
22.begin, startt
both can mean "start".
can generally be general, but start is more colloquial.
It has begun (started) raining. It has started to rain.
start can also mean "start", "start", etc., but begin cannot be used in this way. For example:
They start for Beijing tomorrow. They set out for Beijing tomorrow.
23.date,day
date refers to "date". What's the date today? What's the date today?
day refers to "when the week", which refers to the whole day of twenty-four hours; it also refers to the daytime alone; it also refers to important days.
What day is today? What day is today?
There are seven days in a week. There are seven days a week.
National Day National Day
24.besides, except, except for, but "except..."
besides means "in addition to..., there are also..." which is certain; including the object after besides, which contains the meaning of "add".
I have three other pens besides this.
In addition to this pen, I have three other pens.
except(but) means "except, there is no..."; it does not include the object after except, and contains the meaning of "minus".
but is used when the meaning of "except", it can only be used after words such as noone, nobody, nothing, all, everyone, everything, etc.
Everybody is here except(but) Mary.
Except for Mary, everyone is here. The usage of
except for is to correct the details after explaining the basic situation. Except for can sometimes be interchanged with except, indicating "except...", but when it is at the beginning of the sentence, it cannot be interchanged with except. For example:
Yourcomposition is good except for some spelling mistakes. Apart from a few spelling errors, your composition is great.
besides means "in addition to..., there is also "except means "in addition to...". When used in "except", it can only be used after words such as noone, nobody, nothing, all, everyone, everything, etc.
25.bring,take,fetch
bring is "bring".
For example: Don't forget to bring adictionary with you.
Don’t forget to bring the dictionary.
take is "bringing with".
For example: Please take the small blackboard to the classroom
Please bring this small blackboard to the classroom.
fetch is "go to get" and "go to get".
For example: Please fetch me some chalk.
26.borrow,lend
both have the meaning of "borrow". borrow is "borrow" and lend is "borrow". For example:
Can I borrow your pen? Can I borrow your pen?
Lend me your pen, will you? Can I lend me the pen to me for use?
27. finally, at last, in the end
They all have the meaning of "last" and "final". But the usage is different.
finally used before a verb means that something people have long expected has finally come true.
He tried many times and finally succeeded.
He tried it many times and finally succeeded.
at last also has this meaning, but the expectation is stronger.
At last he has understood it. Finally he finally understood this.
in the end means that something happened after many changes or twists and turns.
For example: We made several different plans for our holiday, but in the end we had a summer camp again.
We developed several different vacation plans, but in the end we chose to go to the summer camp again.
28.find, look for, find out
both have the meaning of "find".
find is the result of look for.
What are you looking for? What are you looking for?
look for is the search process before find.
Have you found your pen? Have you found your pen?
Find out refers to finding it after some effort.
I found out she was wrong. I found she was wrong.
29.join,take part in,join in
both have the meaning of "participation".
join mostly refers to joining an organization, party or social group and becoming a member of it.
He joined the League in1985. He joined the League in 1985.
joinin participates in ongoing competitions, entertainment, conversations and other activities.
such as: join us in the match;
take part in refers to participating in activities, mass activities or meetings and playing a certain role in them.
The old man took part in the Long March. This old man participated in the Long March.
30.dress , have sth. on , wear , put on
They all have the meaning of "wear" and "wear". But the usage is different.
have sth. on indicates the wearable status.
He had a straw hat on . He wore a straw hat.
wear indicates the wearable status.
She likes to wear the light green dress .
She likes to wear the light green dress.
put on indicates the action of wearing.
You'd better put on your overcoat before going out. You'd better wear a coat before going out.
dress represents both actions and status.
The mother is dressing her baby .
The mother is dressing her baby.
31.take care of, look after
take care means "beware", "beware", "be careful". Can be used alone, or with infinitive or that clauses.
Take care!The ice is thin. Beware! The ice is thin.
take care of means "care" and "care", focusing on the meaning of being responsible. The object clause behind it can be a person or something, which is more colloquial.
Please take care of my house. Please take a look at my home.
look after Generally, take care of can be replaced, which emphasizes care or care in meaning. The object can be an object, but in most cases it is a human or an animal.
Will you look after my dog? Please take care of my dog?
32.whether, if
, the two conjunctions are both interpreted as "whether". When guiding the object clause, the two can usually be interchanged.
, but in the following cases, if is not used instead of whether.
1) When whether and or not form a phrase.
I don't know whether or not they will come for our help. I don't know if they're here to help us.
2)whether when used in front of an infinitive.
She hasn't decided whether to go or not.
She hasn't decided to go or not.
3)Whether the guided clause is placed at the beginning of the sentence.
Whether this is true or not,I can't say.
Is this true? I don't say (or I can't say it)
33.either , either…or, neither, neither…nor, both…and
either It means "any of both".
There are many shops on either side of the street.
either is used at the end of a negative sentence, indicating the meaning of "also".
If you don't go there, I won't, either.
I don't go there either.
either...or. . It means "or... or...; not... just...". Represents one of the two, connecting two juxtaposed components in the sentence.
either...or. . When connecting two subjects, its predicate verb should be consistent with the closest subject in person and number, which is what we usually call the "nearestation principle".
Either you or I am going there tomorrow.
Tomorrow, either you go there or I go there.
neither is the subject, indicating "none of the two".
Neither of them likes football.
neither...nor. . It means "neither... nor...". If its meaning is negative, any two parallel components can be connected.
She likes neither butter nor cheese.
She likes neither butter nor cheese.
when neither...nor. . When connecting two subjects, the "proximity principle" should also be followed. For example:
Neither dad nor mum is at home today.
Neither parents are not at home today.
if neither...nor. . To change the sentence pattern into a positive sentence, just turn neither...nor. . Change to both...and. . That is, the predicate verb must be in plural form.
For example: Both dad and mum are at home today.
Both parents are at home today.
34.have sb.do, have sb. or sth. doing, have sth. done
have sb.do The infinitive that has been supplemented by the object after having is usually not included with to.
have sb./sth.doing means roughly the same as have sb.do, but now the word participle is used as object supplement to emphasize that the action is being carried out, while the infinitive form is used as object supplement only means that something has happened. Try to compare the following two sentences:
The boss had his workers working all day long.
The boss asked the workers to work all day (never stop).
The boss had his workers work fourteen hours a day.
The boss asked the workers to do 14 hours a day.
In the have sb.or sth.doing structure, if it is denied, it is often solved with "permit" and "tolerance".
such as: I won't have you saying such things.
I don't allow you to say such things.
have sth.done is explained as "(consciously) let others do something for themselves". The action reward represented by the past participle is completed by others. The object is the recipient of the action represented by the past participle. You can also criticize unconscious passive behavior and have the solution to "being affected, suffering".
such as: I had my pen stolen. My pen was stolen.
35.hear, hear of, hear from
hear and hear of can all be interpreted as "hearing and speaking", and
hear is followed by the object clause. hear can also be used as the solution of "hearing" and "hearing", followed by the composite structure of nouns, pronouns + infinitives (or participles) without to.
I heard him just now. I heard him just now.
I heard him singing in the next room.
I heard him singing in the next room.
hear of followed by noun, pronoun or gerund. I have heard of him. I've heard people mention him.
hear from means "received a letter" and "get a message". For example:
How often do you hear from your father?
How often do you receive a letter from your father?
Note: The subject of hear from is "people", not "faith".
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