Bohai Strait Cross-Sea Channel Line Schematic Pictures in this article are provided by Zhang Qilu, School of Journalism, Fudan University,
65 kilometers, which is about the straight-line distance from Yantai, Shandong to Dalian, Liaoning. This distance is very short, but also very long. , through the existing mode of transportation, it takes about an hour to fly or about 6 hours to sail through this distance, or more than 10 hours to detour the expressway. However, a team has used this distance of 26 years to "walk", but it has not reached the end.
They are the Bohai Strait cross-sea channel research group. They were formed by several young civil servants from the Yantai Municipal Government in 1992. Now they have grown into a team of nearly 100 people, and many people from state ministries and commissions have joined. Over the past 26 years, they have successfully promoted the completion and navigation of the Yanda Railway Ferry , and continuously deepened the preliminary research work of the Yanda Bridge and Tunnel.
Recently, The Paper (www.thepaper.cn) and the School of Journalism of Fudan University jointly formed a report team to record China and went to Yantai to tell the story of the laughter and tears behind the 26-year research work of the Bohai Strait Cross-Sea Channel Research Group.
"Good Suggestions"
Many bookshelfs in Liu Liangzhong's office are full of research materials on the Bohai Strait cross-sea channel.
In the voluminous office, from a shelf full of research materials on the Bohai Strait across the sea channel, Liu Liangzhong, deputy director of the Bohai Rim Development Institute, took out a dark yellow kraft paper bag and a book called "The Opening Documentary of Fourteen Coastal Cities: Yantai Scroll".
Liu Liangzhong, Vice President of the Bohai Rim Development Research Institute of Ludong University,
Liu Liangzhong first shared the title page of the "Opening Documentary of Fourteen Coastal Cities by Yantai Volume" with the China Reporting Team. On the title page of the then Vice Premier of the State Council Zou Jiahua made an instruction in November 1993 -
"This is a good suggestion. Please ask the Planning Commission, Ministry of Railways , and Shandong Province to jointly study and submit a report. First study the railway ferry from Dalian to Yantai first. The plan (must be sure to ensure safety. If the wind and waves are not safe), then study the plan for tunnels or bridges. Guangdong from Nansha on the west bank of Panyu to Dongguan on the east bank of Guangdong first solved the car ferry, and then, the Humen Bridge is now being built. "
" This good suggestion is not easy!" While speaking, Liu Liangzhong carefully took out a stack of coded detailed photos from a kraft paper bag. Liu Liangzhong told the past about the "good suggestions" with these old photos.
Time goes back 26 years. In the spring of 1992, Deng Xiaoping, the "chief designer of China's reform and opening up, took a train from Beijing to southern provinces and inspected them in Wuchang, Shenzhen and other places. Afterwards, Deng Xiaoping made a southern conversation. In October, the 14th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held and it was clearly stated that "accelerate the opening and development of the Bohai Rim region." Under the influence of this background, in Yantai, a small eastern coastal city more than 700 kilometers away from Beijing, several young people gathered together. They had a heated discussion on how to locate Yantai's future transportation development direction and how to solve the city's traffic end problems.
During the verbal battle, someone walked to a map and pointed to the Bohai Strait on the map and said, "If a bridge or tunnel could be built on the Bohai Strait, wouldn't Yantai become a transportation hub connecting the north and south internally and connecting Europe and Asia externally?" The flying thoughts resonated with several young people. In this way, a "cross-sea dream-chasing" plan that had been persisting for 26 years was born.
These young people who were very arrogant are: Liu Xinhua, who was then deputy director of the Yantai Municipal Government Office, Song Changhong, who was then the head of the Comprehensive Section of the Yantai Municipal Government Office, Yu Peichao, who was then the secretary of the Comprehensive Section of the Yantai Municipal Government Office, and Yang Linsheng, who was then the head of the Yantai Municipal Government Research Office.
In October 11992, Liu Xinhua and others were responsible for drafting the document "Opinions on Further Accelerating the Step of Economic Development" at the 8th Plenary Committee of the Seventh Yantai Municipal Committee.The opinion proposes that the "two ports and three lines" ( sea port , airport, Yanda Railway Ferry, Delongyan Railway, Lanyan Railway Fu Road) should be used as the framework to accelerate the construction of a three-dimensional transportation network of "sea, land and air", and then form a transportation hub connecting Northeast , East China, radiating to the mainland, connecting Northeast Asia, and intersecting with the Eurasian continental bridge.
In December 11992, after further discussion at the 8th Enlarged Meeting of the 7th Yantai Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China, the plan was officially passed, and the "Yanda Railway Ferry" was written into the municipal party committee document. Although the plan was passed at the municipal party committee level, how to implement it? When will it be implemented? What is the attitude at the national level? These problems made several young people anxious.
At this moment, several people thought of a good idea. They used Yantai City as a direct information reporting point for the General Office of the State Council to report the 294th issue of "Yantai Government Affairs Information" to the General Office of the State Council on December 25, 1992. Three days later, Zhu Rongji and Zou Jiahua, the then vice premiers, made personal instructions, requiring the Ministry of Railways to consider making suggestions. Subsequently, the relevant arguments were initiated.
Yanda Railway Ferry is progressing steadily, these young people formed a research team to deepen the research on theYandada Cross-Sea Channel. In March 1993, the Yantai Municipal Government determined that the research work would be undertaken by the Yantai Municipal Government Office, and the State Planning Commission Policy Research Office and the Yantai Municipal Government Research Office cooperated. This means that the first phase of the research work of the Bohai Strait Cross-Sea Channel Research Group has been launched.
Zou Jiahua made an instruction on "Good Suggestions" in "Economic Situation and Suggestions"
1993, Fei Xiaotong, then vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, made suggestions to accelerate the development of Bohai Rim , build cross-sea railway ferries, and actively demonstrate the undersea tunnel plan. In November of the same year, the State Planning Commission submitted a summary of the research report on the Bohai Strait cross-sea channel to the central leaders in its internal publication "Economic Situation and Suggestions". On November 18, 1993, Zou Jiahua made an instruction on "Good Suggestions" in the "Economic Situation and Suggestions". Among the "good suggestions" of railway ferry landing, the construction of Yanda Railway ferry was the first to be implemented.
1 In May 1993, Tu Yourui, then deputy minister of the Ministry of Railways, visited Yantai, and the Yanda Railway Ferry project officially entered the substantive operation stage; in November 1993, Tu Yourui presided over a review meeting on the initial feasibility study report of Yantai Railway Ferry and rear railway access in Yantai; in January 1994, the Yanda Railway Ferry project was officially included in the National Bohai Rim Development Plan; in November 2001, the Yanda Railway Ferry and its related railway construction projects were officially launched. In January 2002, China Railway Bohai Railway Ferry Co., Ltd. was officially registered and established, which is specifically responsible for the construction of the Yanda Railway Ferry Project. Liu Diandai, currently the deputy general manager of China Railway Bohai Railway Ferry Co., Ltd., joined this team at the beginning of its establishment.
Subsequently, a series of scientific research approvals for construction were to be reported in Beijing. Liu Diandai and a group of his colleagues were "stationed" in Beijing for a long time to do the preliminary work of scientific research and construction approvals.
During that period, it happened to be during the outbreak of the SARS epidemic, and the approval work for various projects had to go to multiple different departments. During that special period when people were panicked, it was even more difficult to do work. Liu Diandai said: "Due to the impact of SARS in those months, it was difficult to meet someone. Even if you wear a mask, people may not be willing to see you! Everyone is afraid, but the construction work must be advanced, and sometimes, they can only be anxious! Fortunately, it went smoothly later, and all the approvals that should be obtained." After the preliminary design approval work of
was completed in various difficulties, the construction of the port and the construction of the ferry boat were also started.
In addition to building a port base station, the Yantai direction also needs to build an 11-kilometer railway to connect to the port, and the Lushun direction also needs to build a 20-kilometer railway to connect to the existing railway network. In 2003, after the successful bidding in Beijing, the construction project on land was officially implemented.
Speaking of the construction of ferry, Liu Diandai used "one twists and turns".In early 2002, when China Railway Bohai Railway Ferry Co., Ltd. had just undertaken the Yanda Railway Ferry Project, the international shipbuilding market was still in a relatively hot "buyer market". I heard that the company was going to build a ship, and major shipyards came to inquire and hoped to seek cooperation.
When the company's ship design ended in 2003, when the company was preparing for bidding and construction, the market changed and the orders of major shipyards were almost saturated. "At that time, our relevant leaders went to major shipyards, but no one was willing to pay attention to us, and they couldn't even organize the bidding. No one came to participate!" Liu Diandai said.
At this critical moment, the relevant leaders of the company reported their difficulties to the Ministry of Railways. After the Ministry of Railways transferred the report to the National Defense Science and Technology Commission, the National Defense Science and Technology Commission found the Tianjin Xingang Shipyard and finally determined through negotiation that the shipyard would undertake the construction of three ships.
The selected problem of the shipyard was solved, and there were difficulties in funding.
China Railway Bohai Ferry 3 Ferry
originally planned to build three ships with a budget of 930 million yuan, but in the formal negotiations, the cost of one ship alone exceeded 400 million yuan. In desperation, when the construction of the ship started in October 2004, the company signed a contract with Tianjin Xingang Shipyard (China Railway Bohai Ferry No. 1 and China Railway Bohai Ferry No. 2). It was not until 2005 that the additional construction of China Railway Bohai Ferry No. 3 was added.
From 2004 to 2008, during the construction of the three ships, Liu Diandai and his colleagues kept guarding the Tianjin Xingang Shipyard, and only went home two or three times in the middle. More than 1,400 days and nights, the stacking and combination of parts and the review and signature of processes. Finally, on January 10, 2006, the ferry No. 1 of China Railway Bohai Ferry, which was completed in the foundation project, was launched at the Tianjin Xingang Shipyard.
When the champagne "bottle throwing gift" swung a sacred arc, hitting the bow side of the ship made a crisp sound of broken bottles. Accompanied by the anchoring whistle, Ferry No. 1 slowly sailed towards the sea, and the ripples that rippled from the dock of Tianjin Xingang to Liu Diandai's heart.
"This day is really an unforgettable day for us creators. That kind of joy is like the birth of our own child!" Although many years later, Liu Diandai described the situation to the China Reporting Team, he still couldn't hide his joy.
tractor pulls the train full of cargo into the ferry and returns to the
China Railway Bohai Ferry Ferry. It is the first ship in the world to use the third generation of electric propulsion system on railway ferries and is also the first batch of fully electric propulsion ships built in my country to use full power propulsion. Each ship can carry 50 freight trains weighing 80 tons per section. The "one-to-five switches" connecting the ferry and the port trek can quickly and safely deliver 50 trains full of cargo to the ferry within ten minutes.
With the increase in the number of private cars in recent years, the number of carriages on ships has also increased year by year. From the official operation of Yanda Railway Ferry No. 1 on November 6, 2006 to July 5, 2018, the ferry of China Railway Bohai Railway Ferry Co., Ltd. has been sailing 24 hours a day, and has shuttled through the Bohai Strait by zero accidents.
Yantai City and Dalian City are 165 kilometers (89 nautical miles) away from the sea. It is the largest opposite city connecting Jiaodong and Liaodong . Before the Yantai Railway Ferry is built, the train from Yantai to Dalian must detour Shanhaiguan , which is 1,600 kilometers more than taking the "Yanda Route". The completion of the Yantai Railway Ferry marks the success of the first phase of the construction of the Bohai Sea cross-sea channel, and also enables Yantai, which is at the end of the railway transportation trunk line to merge into the eastern coastal railway channel of my country, bid farewell to the history of the city at the end of the transportation. Today, the whistle of the harbor that was still swampy and silt more than 10 years ago is the day and night. The train passing here crosses the Bohai Sea and heads north, and the farthest reaches Berlin, Germany.
At this point, the first dream about the "cross-sea dream-chasing" plan of the Bohai Strait has come true.
Ferry Limitations
Yanda Railway Ferry has enabled a "soft connection" between Yantai and Dalian, but with the increase in demand, its limitations have gradually been reflected.
According to the design and planning of Yanda Railway Ferry, its daily transportation capacity saturation is 50 freight trains with a single load of 80 tons and 50 20 tons of load-loaded cars, 25 cars and about 500 passengers.
After the research and analysis by the Bohai Strait Cross-Sea Channel Research Group, the potential daily traffic of cars between the Bohai Strait has been at least between 30,000 and 40,000. As the number of civilian vehicles increases, the demand for cross-sea transportation will also increase. It is expected that the daily traffic of potential vehicles between the straits will exceed 100,000 in the future, and the demand for railway transportation will also increase year by year.
Secondly, although train ferries have many advantages, they are still a form of sea transportation, and it is difficult to solve the safety threat to ships in the harsh Bohai weather.
, the transportation time cost of "soft connection" is still relatively high, with a 165-kilometer sailing time of 5 to 6 hours, and if it is a "hard road", its transportation speed will be a qualitative leap.
For Jiang Nana, a Yantai resident who lived in Dalian in 2014, most people are looking forward to the construction of the Bohai Strait cross-sea channel, whether it is yourself or your relatives and friends around you.
Jiang Nana said that most of the time she travels between Yantai and Dalian, she still chooses to take a ferry. Although the plane takes a short flight time, it arrives in 45 minutes and the fare is moderate, it is too far from home to the airport, so it takes a lot of time to go to the airport. If you take a train, it takes too long to detour Jinan, and the train tickets are also relatively expensive, and the cost is more than taking a ferry and plane. "I usually take the ferry at night and have a sleep. But if the ferry is temporarily suspended from operation in severe weather, it will cause a lot of inconvenience to travel and even work and life."
In addition, Xu Yudong, a member of the Bohai Strait Cross-Sea Channel research group and associate professor at the School of Business of Shandong University, also said that from a macro perspective, the construction of the Bohai Strait Cross-Sea Channel can greatly improve the investment environment in the Bohai Rim region, and while expanding the opening up of the Bohai Rim region to the outside world, it also strengthens cooperation with Northeast Asian countries and regions.
"Now, the three major opening areas of the Bohai Rim region, the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta have formed a three-legged stalemate. But to be honest, development is unbalanced and the Bohai Rim is lagging behind. Although the reasons are multi-party and complex, the construction of the Bohai Strait cross-sea channel will definitely be a great promotion. In addition, the construction of the Bohai Strait is also of great value to revitalizing the old industrial base in Northeast China, accelerating the integration of resources and markets, and strengthening national defense logistics support." Xu Yudong said.
Bohai is China's largest inland sea . From the coast of the Liaodong Peninsula to the Jiaodong Peninsula, it embraces the Bohai Strait like a letter "c" and becomes a natural barrier between the two peninsulas.
From the map, the straight-line distance from Yantai Penglai to Dalian Lushun is only 106 kilometers, but land transportation has to bypass this "c character" and becomes nearly 1,600 kilometers.
The basic concept of the research on the cross-sea channel of the Bohai Strait is to use the favorable terrain of the Bohai Strait to build an all-weather, multi-functional, convenient and accessible transportation trunk line connecting the north and south sides of the Bohai Sea, and then connect north and south, and connect up and down, ultimately forming a modern comprehensive transportation system.
If a direct express passage about 120 kilometers is built from Penglai, Yantai, through , Changdao, and then to Dalian Lushun, a direct express passage of about 120 kilometers will be built, and the "c-shaped" type of transportation will become a well-connected "m-shaped" type. According to the speed of the research and design, it only takes 40 minutes to get from Yantai Penglai to Dalian Lushun.
Step 2: Penglong section
Yanda Railway Ferry is the first step in the construction stage of the Bohai Strait cross-sea channel. According to the existing research plan, the second step is to promote the construction of the Penglai to Changdao cross-sea bridge and tunnel, and the third step is to build the Changdao to Lushun cross-sea bridge and tunnel.
Changdao, also known as Miaodao Island, is the only island county in Shandong Province. The 151 islands are arranged in the Bohai Strait from north to south, 7 kilometers away from Penglai in the south and 42 kilometers away from Lushun in the north. Among them, there are 10 inhabited islands, and Nanchangshan Island is the location of the county town.At present, except for the 1400-meter Liandao bridge between Nanchangshan Island and Beichangshan Island, other surrounding islands are all transported by sea.
Liu Liangzhong explained to the team recording China's reporting system the necessity of the construction of the long section of the Peng section.
is first of all because of traffic considerations. Changdao County is across the sea from the mainland. There are tens of thousands of residents on the island and garrisons, mainly entering and leaving the island by ferries. At present, ferries on some islands cannot be opened normally due to weather conditions every year for more than a month, and ferries on some islands are suspended for more than 70 days each year, which seriously affects the lives and production construction of the island residents.
"Take the section from Yantai Penglai to Nanchangshan Island, the southernmost Changdao County, as an example. The straight line distance is only 8 kilometers, but the sea transportation time takes 40 minutes. This is equivalent to the land highways and railways running 53 kilometers and 80 kilometers respectively. It takes only 8 kilometers to take such a long time. There is no need to say more about other islands that are farther away." Liu Liangzhong said.
Liu Liangzhong said that local people on Changdao often call the construction of bridges and tunnels from Penglai to Nanchangshan Island "No. 1 People's Livelihood Project".
Although the basic living standards of the people on the island, such as food, clothing, housing, etc. are not much different from those of the residents on the mainland, it is a big shortcoming in terms of "travel", which affects many aspects of the islanders. For example, there are no schools on many islands, and the children of islanders can only take a boat to other islands to go to school every day or rent them in Changdao County (Nan Changshan Island). Some families even have a family of three living on three different islands due to their children's school and their parents' work.
Speaking of this, Liu Liangzhong also shared a story about "The letter written by Dad to Duoduo". A grassroots cadre in Daqin Township, Changdao County works on an island 22 nautical miles away from home. The distance between these 22 nautical miles takes two and a half hours to take a boat ride, and this father has to spend more than 20 days apart every time he meets his child.
Daqindao is located in the depths of the Bohai Sea, far away from the mainland, and has inconvenient transportation. It is a luxury for ordinary people to "go home often to see you" for this father and his colleagues. Out of missing the child, this father wrote a letter to his child on a public account, recording the unforgettable reunion time of Duoduo.
letter said: That day, Dad's little angel is coming, and the joy in my heart is beyond words. For your healthy growth, my mother resolutely chose to give birth naturally, but you tried to toss her for 22 hours. But I stopped sailing due to strong winds and blocked Daqin. I did not accompany my mother to give birth, and I did not feel the "thrilling" you have encountered. Your birth lacks my company, which is a pain that I cannot heal in my life.
"Duoduo, do you know? In our Changdao, especially the North Five Islands and the West Three Islands, there are fathers and countless other people's parents who live on isolated islands and fight on the front line all year round."
"There are actually many such stories, and every time I tell them, I feel extremely moved." Liu Liangzhong said.
The medical conditions on the island are not very good either. According to Liu Liangzhong, the Ministry of Transport has a Beihai Rescue Bureau in Penglai. Every year, it dispatches many flights to Changdao for rescue. Many people are seriously ill and acutely ill on the island but cannot get medical treatment. They can only rely on rescue planes to transport them out of the island and go to better hospitals on the mainland for treatment.
From the perspective of social impact, the construction of bridges and tunnels from Penglai to Changshan Island will help the opening of the island market, also help the development of the island economy, and more help the protection and inheritance of island culture.
At present, Changdao's economic development is mainly based on the primary industry (breeding, fishing, etc.) and the tertiary industry (tourism services), and the secondary industry accounts for a small proportion, less than 10%. Changdao is a tourist destination with beautiful scenery, and currently there are only about 3 million tourists to Changdao every year. Many tourists who come to Penglai to visit can't reach the island due to transportation restrictions. Seafoods cultivated on Changdao are also difficult to transport from the island due to inconvenient transportation.
In addition, there are many elderly people on the island who are unwilling to live off the island, and young people are unwilling to go back. Changdao County’s aging problem is becoming increasingly serious.
"If the bridge and tunnel from Penglai to Changshan Island is built, the transportation will be convenient, and the problems I just mentioned can be greatly alleviated and improved!" Liu Liangzhong said.
In the research and promotion of the Bohai Strait Cross-Sea Channel Research Group, it was also found that the construction of bridges and tunnels from Penglai to Changshan Island has an experimental leading role in the construction of the Bohai Strait Cross-Sea Channel.
, as the first section of the construction of the Bohai Strait cross-sea channel, has the lowest construction difficulty, the lowest technical requirements and the lowest cost, so it is the most feasible. Based on the principle of "one-time planning, gradual implementation", Pengchang section has a good demonstration effect on the engineering, technology, financing, marine environment monitoring, and geological and geomorphological analysis of the entire major channel construction.
The current research design of the research team is that from Yantai Penglai to Nanchangshan Island, it can be used as the first section; many island-connected projects in Changdao County can be used as the second section; from Beichenghuang Island, the northernmost end of Changdao County, to Laotieshan, Dalian, it can be used as the third section.
In view of the construction research of the first paragraph, the research team and other research teams not only discussed the "bridge and tunnel dispute" fiercely, but also designed two line planning solutions.
Schematic diagram of the subsea immersed tube tunnel designed by the Bohai Strait Cross-Sea Channel Research Group
In the "bridge and tunnel dispute", more experts currently prefer tunnel solutions with highways as carriers. The reason is that Changdao itself is an island county and a national marine ecological environment protection zone. The construction of bridges has a greater impact on the ecological environment of sea areas and islands.
The planning schemes for the two routes are: one is to go directly from Penglai to Nanchangshan Island. This plan has the shortest construction distance, the strongest timeliness and the lowest project cost. With the guidance sections at both ends of the bridge and tunnel, the distance is about 12-16 kilometers. The initial investment is expected to be between 2 billion yuan and 3 billion yuan.
But the landing point at the southern end of this plan happens to be near Penglai Pavilion , and the landing point at the northern end is close to Changshan Island's "Peaks, Mountains, Forests and Seas" National Forest Park, which is not conducive to the protection of multiple cultural monuments and the protection of natural landscapes near the two places.
Another solution is to connect to Beichangshan Island from Penglaixi to Daheishan Island , and then connect to Beichangshan Island from Daheishan Island. Penglaixi is about 17 kilometers away from Daheishan Island, and there are several small islands separated by Daheishan Island and Beichangshan Island. Each island is 1-2 kilometers apart, with a total distance of about 25-30 kilometers. Since the total distance becomes longer and the corresponding island connection project is also required to be promoted between small islands, the investment will be far more than the first solution. At present, both route planning schemes are accelerating the demonstration and planning design.
's "fresh blood"
in the Bohai Strait cross-sea channel from the entire process of proposal, discussion, design and construction. The members of the Bohai Strait cross-sea channel research team have never been absent, and this team is constantly updating.
In early 1994, the then main leader of the Yantai Municipal Government asked the second phase of the Bohai Strait cross-sea channel to continue to deepen the research, and the leader of the research team should find a higher-level person to serve as the position, and the higher the level of the researchers, the better. So, the research team went to Beijing and invited Wei Liqun, who was then a member of the Party Group and Secretary-General of the State Planning Commission, to be the leader of the research team, and Wei Liqun accepted it happily.
In March 11994, the first joint meeting of the Bohai Strait Cross-Sea Channel Research Group was held in Beijing. The meeting determined that, given that the Yantai Railway Ferry Project has basically entered the national substantive operation stage, the next step should focus on in-depth research on the Bohai Strait Cross-Sea Bridge and Tunnel Project.
It was at this meeting that Wei Liqun became the general person in charge of the research of the project and established five special groups, including the comprehensive research report group, the engineering technology research report group, the comprehensive capacity research report group, the policy measures research report group, and the construction timing and step research report group. The State Planning Commission, the National Science and Technology Commission, Shandong Province, Liaoning Province and other ministries or local leaders joined the research group.
Liu Liangzhong recalled that in 2004, Liu Xinhua, one of the founders of the Bohai Strait Cross-Sea Channel Project, transferred from Yantai Municipal Government to Shandong University as vice president, and brought the project to Shandong University. In the same year, under the promotion of Wei Liqun and others, the Bohai Rim Development Research Institute was established at Shandong University.And he joined the research team under this opportunity.
The establishment of the Bohai Rim Development Research Institute has given the research team a permanent office. In addition to being responsible for daily administrative work, the office is also a relatively complete scientific research platform, undertakes many related research tasks and is responsible for the development of many related academic conferences and the publication of academic papers.
Bohai Rim Development Research Institute has been established for more than 10 years, and more and more people with ambition have joined it. Liu Liangzhong said, "To be honest, there is actually no vested interest in doing this. The road to scientific research is very long and requires a lot of patience. Moreover, many people have their own jobs to do, and sometimes they are unable to do it. For example, teachers Wei Liqun and Liu Xinhua, their jobs are very heavy. The research on the Bohai Strait cross-sea channel can only be carried out as part-time."
Now Liu Liangzhong is a teaching position, leading students to participate in youth entrepreneurship competitions, and together with students, the protection and inheritance and research of intangible cultural heritage - fishermen's titles, while serving as the deputy dean of the Bohai Rim Development Institute of Shandong University. When he was doing related scientific research, when he asked what his main business was, he laughed and said, "All, all!"
"I am the second generation of research members of this research group. It is not easy for the old seniors. After persisting for so many years, I have seen a professional attitude towards doing things. The scientific research environment at that time was not as good as it is now, and it is not easy! We are not only one of the research groups that do research on the Bohai Strait cross-sea channel. There are people doing research on technology and undersea environment exploration in all aspects. We also communicate frequently, and we must work harder!" Liu Liangzhong said.
Xu Yudong, who went to Shandong University to work a few years later than Liu Liangzhong, also had similar sighs. At the beginning, he did not think about joining the research group. Seeing that Liu Liangzhong was too busy, he helped to do some things. Later, he found that a lot of research content was related to his major. Over time, I was moved by Liu Liangzhong's persistence and became more passionate about this job.
"Since I came to work at Ludong University to meet Teacher Liu Liangzhong, I have never seen him get angry. He has a strong energy in his work. People who work with him are often moved by his strength!" Xu Yudong said. During the 126 spring and autumn, research results in technical plan analysis, policy financing environment, regional economic development, marine environmental impact and other aspects have gradually blossomed from scratch. The research team with only 19 people at the beginning has now become a research team that has gathered a hundred people, and has completed more than 30 research reports and monographs.
During this period, many older generation researchers have passed away, including military experts and excellent bridge and railway designers. New members have inherited the volunteers and mantras of the older generation and continued to set sail on the cross-sea road.
What made Liu Liangzhong and all the colleagues in the research team even more pleased was the addition of "fresh blood". "Now many young people have joined our research group, some of which are my students. When we get old, they will be the "third generation" researchers of this project. There will always be a day of realization, as long as we persist!" Liu Liangzhong is very confident in the implementation of the Bohai Strait cross-sea channel.
All parties promote
With the continuous deepening of research by the research team and the continuous release of related results, the Bohai Strait cross-sea channel has received more and more attention and promotion.
Mu Fanmin, a member of the 11th and 12th National People's Congress, has submitted the "Suggestions on Promoting the Cross-Sea Channel of the Bohai Strait" to the National People's Congress for eight consecutive times. In April this year, Wang Daming, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and chairman of the Liaoning Provincial Committee of the China Democratic League, put forward suggestions on "further improving the preliminary work of the Bohai Strait cross-sea channel construction."
In June this year, Wan Exiang, Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and Chairman of the Central Committee of the China Democratic League, and Zheng Jianbang, Vice Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and Executive Vice Chairman of the Central Committee of the China Democratic League, led a research team to conduct a special investigation in Dalian on the construction of the "Bohai Strait Cross-Sea Channel" and held a symposium.
Tan Zuojun, member of the Standing Committee of the Liaoning Provincial Party Committee and Secretary of the Dalian Municipal Party Committee, Chen Luping, Vice Governor of Liaoning Province, Sun Jiye, Vice Governor of Shandong Province and Chairman of the Shandong Provincial Committee of the China Railway Corporation, Gu Zhenchun, Deputy Director of the Standing Committee of the Heilongjiang Provincial People's Congress and Chairman of the Heilongjiang Provincial Committee of the China Railway Corporation, Sun Yongfu, Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and former Executive Vice Minister of the Ministry of Railways, Wu Kefei, Chief Expert and Chief Engineer of the Ministry of Science and Technology and Information Technology of China Railway Corporation, etc. attended the meeting.
participants suggested that the construction of cross-sea channels should be included in the comprehensive research on the comprehensive transportation network as soon as possible, and comprehensively demonstrated from various aspects such as technology, economy, society, environment, ecology, hydrology, and geology. All relevant regions and relevant state departments and scientific research institutions should actively cooperate, establish corresponding working institutions, establish research and demonstration coordination mechanisms, actively carry out scientific research and planning demonstration work, carry out pre-feasibility studies as soon as possible, and start substantive preliminary work such as exploration and policy deployment, and provide a sufficient basis for national decision-making.
In Shandong, the Bohai Strait cross-sea channel has been written into a number of provincial or municipal plans.
In May 2011, the Shandong Provincial Government issued the "Pilot Work Plan for Reform and Development of the Blue Economic Zone of Shandong Peninsula" proposed to "actively carry out research on the cross-sea channel of the Bohai Strait"; the "Outline of the 12th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of Shandong Province" issued in March 2011 proposed to "actively promote the preliminary demonstration of the cross-sea channel of the Bohai Strait"; the "Outline of the 13th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of Yantai City" issued in May 2016 proposed to "actively carry out research and demonstration of the cross-sea channel of the Bohai Strait"; in February 2018, the "Implementation Plan for Major Projects for the Transformation of New and Old Kinetic Energy in Shandong Province" issued the "Implementation Plan for the Transformation of New and Old Kinetic Energy in Shandong Province" proposed to "conduct preliminary research and demonstration of the cross-sea channel of the Bohai Strait".
In July this year, the list of winners of the 32nd Shandong Provincial Outstanding Achievement Award and the list of winners of the 2018 (12th) Shandong Provincial Outstanding Contribution Award and Discipline Rookie Award were announced. The "Research on the Coordinated Development of Bohai Rim City and Economic Zone" co-authored by Liu Liangzhong and Liu Xinhua won the first prize and the first prize.
Now, Liu Liangzhong and colleagues in the research team go to Changdao County every once in a while. When the residents on the island learned that they were conducting research on the Bohai Strait cross-sea channel, they would shake hands with them on their own initiative, and asked anxiously, "When will the cross-sea channel be built in the Bohai Strait? Will the section from Penglai to Changdao be built?"
Some party members and cadres in Changdao County say, "If the section of 'Pengchang' is really built, a certificate of honor will be issued to each person who is engaged in research and construction!"
Liu Liangzhong told the story Recording the China Reporting Team, "I am actually very ashamed. I have been studying for so many years but have not made much substantial progress. Even my daughter in high school knows that I am studying cross-sea tunnels and bridges. Now every time she goes out for a trip or sees content related to tunnels and bridges in her book, she will take photos and send them to me. She also leaves a message saying that she hopes it will be helpful to her father's research."
However, Liu Liangzhong is full of confidence in the construction of the long section of the cross-sea channel of the Bohai Strait. He said: "We will do more comprehensive research and make more sufficient preparations. I believe that this day will come soon!"
