htmlOn October 26, the People's Daily Health Number "Tsinghua University First Affiliated Hospital" shared a case. Since Mr. Wang retired 10 years ago, he has disagreed with his "confidence" in his strengthening body. Until this time, I went to the examination center for under the strong persuasion of my children, and found that there was blood in my urine and something was growing in bladder .
After the doctor's detailed explanation, Mr. Wang further underwent a urinary tract enhancement CT scan and then underwent minimally invasive surgery. During the operation, the urologist found a cauliflower-like tumor at the junction of the left and posterior walls of Mr. Wang's bladder. In most cases, this description means that the tumor is 90% likely to be malignant, but there are also differences between "small evil" and "big evil".
Tsinghua University First Affiliated Hospital
Doctor then applied plasma electron resection and successfully removed it in a few minutes. The excised tumor was immediately sent to the pathology department for pathology for pathological examination. After several anxious days of waiting, the pathological examination report came out, which was a low-grade non-invasive urothelial cell tumor, and no tumor cells were seen at the muscle layer and the base of the tumor.
Chief physician of Urology Department of Tsinghua University First Affiliated Hospital explained, "Simply put, if the bladder is compared to an onion with only three layers, the tumor only exists in the first layer of onion, in the early stage, and has been completely removed. To prevent the tumor from recurring, regular local bladder injection and regular reexamination are required after the operation. At present, there is no need to remove the bladder and systemic chemotherapy. So, this is a blessing in disguise."
The basic examinations in these physical examinations can detect many serious diseases
50 or 60 years old, and it is the beginning of old age. The functions of various organs in this age are gradually declining, and the incidence of common cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases , malignant tumors, etc. should be carried out. A comprehensive physical examination should be carried out.
1. No medical history, check it like this:
Chief physician of the Physical Examination Center of Shenyang Fourth People's Hospital in 2019, in an interview with Shenyang Evening News , it is recommended that if an elderly person has no medical history, it is recommended to check it:
blood, urine, and stool routine,
liver function, kidney function,
blood lipids , blood sugar,
tumor marker (CEA, AFP),
electrocardiogram,
chest x-ray and abdominal ultrasound,
also have examinations for ophthalmology, otolaryngology, dentistry, etc.
2. If you have a history of medical treatment, add additional examinations:
If you have hypertension , hyperglycemia , and hyperlipidemia, in addition to the above examinations, you also need to check these diseases and complications.
For example, if you have hypertension, you are recommended to do heart ultrasound; if you have diabetes, you are recommended to check glycated hemoglobin , urine microalbumin, fundus photography, foot skin and nerve evaluation; if you are checked for hyperlipidemia, neck vascular ultrasound, etc.; if you have a history of three highs, you are prone to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and if necessary, check coronary CT, head CT, etc.
3. Considering gender, it is recommended to check again:
1 Deputy chief physician of the Department of General Medicine of the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shan Haiyan, in an interview with Shenyang Evening News in 2019, said that due to the different physiological structures and characteristics of men and women, it is recommended:
Male: 60 years old and over should focus on prostate color ultrasound, and then do a blood test PST. This is a screening for early prostate cancer.
Women: 60 years old, in addition to checking the cervix, uterine attachment ultrasound, breast and bone density , the focus should be on screening for thyroid and color ultrasound.
"Clinical findings now have been found that women over 60 years old suffer from hypothyroidism, and the incidence of early thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer is also high, so we should pay attention to it."
50 years old, don't forget to add these items for physical examinations
Physical Examination Center of Hebei Provincial People's Hospital Dr. Nie Qian published an article in Health Times in 2021 to remind middle-aged and elderly people, especially middle-aged and elderly people over 50 years old. In addition to routine physical examinations, you should also conduct targeted physical examinations and meals:
1. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular examination
For elderly people with a family history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, it is best to add some cardiovascular examination items during physical examination. Because early cardiovascular diseases , early myocardial infarction and other early cardiovascular diseases may not be asymptomatic, and conventional electrocardiograms are difficult to detect.
People who have symptoms such as arrhythmia , chest tightness and shortness of breath can be added for 24-hour electrocardiogram. People with dizziness, headache, dizziness, or conscious limb weakness, carotid artery ultrasound, brain CT or magnetic resonance (MRI) examination to help check the disease early.
2. Fundus examination
Through fundus examination, you can observe whether the retinal artery is sclerotic, which can tell the degree of systemic arteriosclerosis. People with diabetes should pay more attention to fundus examination.
3. Bone density examination
Calcium in bone generally begins to lose from the age of 30s, and the initial symptoms of osteoporosis are not obvious. Women after menopause and men over 60 years old should pay attention to undergo bone density examination every year; if there is persistent pain in the waist, pelvis, back, knee joints and other parts after the age of 40, the bone density should also be checked to prevent and treat osteoporosis early.
4. Gastroenteroscopy
People with chronic atrophic gastritis, smoking and drinking, and having a family genetic history of gastrointestinal tumors should pay attention to gastroenteroscopy. Endoscopy can detect some precancerous lesions of , such as gastroscopy ulcer , chronic atrophic gastritis, and multiple polyps in the large intestine.
After the age of 40, gastroscopy and colonoscopy and colonoscopy every 3 to 5 years. High-risk people can shorten the examination time.
5. Post-meal blood sugar check
Fasting blood sugar is normal, and many people think they are not related to diabetes. If the blood sugar value is higher than the normal value 2 hours after the meal, even if the diabetes diagnosis standard does not meet the diabetes, it is a decrease in glucose tolerance. At this time, the alarm bell has sounded.
So people over 40 years old, with a family history of diabetes, obesity, and hypertension should also undergo post-meal blood sugar tests in addition to checking fasting blood sugar.
6. Gynecological examination
cervical scraping or TCT examination can detect early cervical cancer lesions, but TCT is more accurate than cervical scraping and the detection rate of abnormal cells is higher.
gynecological color ultrasound examination can also detect endometrial diseases, cervical diseases, uterine fibroids, ovarian tumors , and should be done for middle-aged and elderly women.
7. Breast examination
11 The incidence of breast cancer continues to increase. Women over 40 years old should undergo a color ultrasound every year. breast molybdenum target every 2 years. Women with a family history of breast cancer are also recommended to check breast magnetic resonance once a year. In order to detect breast cancer early and improve quality of life.
Finally, after the physical examination, you must keep the physical examination materials, so that you do not lose them. The physical examination report and image data after the examination (ultrasound, chest X-ray, CT, etc.) should be retained for at least 2-3 years. When judging certain diseases, doctors sometimes need to refer to previous examination results, compare them, and understand the dynamic changes process, which is conducive to the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
For health, doctors usually recommend that people have a physical examination once a year, but not all examinations must be performed every year. For example, if the colonoscopy is done once a day, you can do the examination after 5-10 years.
This article is summarized from:
① 2022-10-26 Tsinghua University First Affiliated Hospital "I feel that I am in good health. The elderly have not had a physical examination for ten years after retirement, the result..."
② 2019-05-22 Liaoning Palm Health-Shenyang Evening News "This most comprehensive physical examination strategy given by a doctor in Shenyang, please hold it for your parents quickly! 》
③ 2021-04-20 People's Daily Health Client-Health Times "Physical Examination for Over 50 Years Old"
