Anhui Provincial Emergency Management Department’s official website reported that at around 10:00 on April 7, Shanghai Longjing Environmental Protection Company flashed and exploded during the welding and leak-blocking operation on the top of the desulfurization pulping tank of Huasu Thermal Power Plant in Dingyuan County, causing 6 workers to fall from the top of the tank (about 5 meters high). One person died on the spot and five people died after they were sent to the hospital for rescue.
Similar cases! A subcontractor of an engineering construction company under a super-large petroleum group in China changed the fence on the top of the 500 cubic buffer tank at the water injection station of the oil production plant, causing the operators at the top of the tank to fall from the top of the tank, and killed two people on the spot.
other typical fire operation accident cases
At about 11:19 am on March 8, 2019, Qingdao Hongxing Logistics Industry Co., Ltd. started a fire while organizing the maintenance of the No. 3 tank of refined oil, and accidentally caught fire when removing the floating disk sealing sponge. caused two people to be injured, and one of them died after rescue was invalid , and one person's life characteristics were normal.
At around 15:37 on April 15, 2019, at about 15:37, Shandong Province, during the pipeline renovation process, was ignited by electric welding sparks during the fire process to produce smoke, resulting in 18 of the 10 staff members working on the site suffocation to death on the spot, and the remaining two staff members died during the rescue process. Another 12 rescuers were choked and injured.
July 14, 2018 at 15:22, China National Petroleum and Natural Gas No. 7 Construction Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as CNPC 7 Construction) suddenly exploded, and the accident caused 1 death and 1 injury . During the "83 device shut down and maintenance" operation in the nylon workshop of the nylon plant of China National Petroleum Corporation Qijian Liaoyang Petrochemical Branch, during the fire operation, the tert-butanol storage tank R211 (tank volume 25.15m3 and 2.96 tons of tert-butanol) suddenly flashed, causing the tert-butanol leakage and causing a fire.
At around 15:33 on May 12, 2018, a blitz explosion occurred during a benzene tank in Sinopec Shanghai Saike Petrochemical Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Shanghai Saike Company) and caused the inspection and maintenance operation to be carried out, causing the inspection and maintenance operation to be carried out by contractor Shanghai Ajinke Engineering Construction Service Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Shanghai Ajinke Company) on-site workers to die.
At around 8:50 on February 10, 2018, Shanghai Silicon Products International Trade Co., Ltd. leased an abandoned storage tank in the storage tank area of Jiujiang Zhongwei Technology Chemical Co., Ltd. (has been suspended for five years). flash explosion accident occurred due to illegal fire operation in maintenance . caused a total of 2 deaths in , of which 1 drowned and died; 1 fell from a high place and was seriously injured, and died after being sent to the hospital for rescue.
On February 17, 2017, a flash explosion accident occurred in the Jiangnan factory of Songyuan Petrochemical Co., Ltd., Songyuan City, Jilin Province during the fire operation of the acid water tank of the gasoline and diesel modification joint device, causing 3 deaths.
On March 20, 2017, Henan Yuchuan Smelting Plant in Jiyuan City, Henan Province, Henan Province, exploded when rust-dead valve was cut on the top of the selenite acid tower trough in the anode mud pretreatment workshop that was suspended for maintenance, causing 3 deaths.
On May 12, 2009, at the TEPPCOPartners McRae terminal located in , Arkansas, USA, three contractors were cutting operations on the top of the inner floating roof of a large gasoline storage tank. According to the analysis of the CSB investigation team, the cutting operation ignited the combustible steam in the storage tank, and a violent explosion occurred inside the storage tank. The explosion of exploded and the floating roof and the second dome lid in the storage tank were blown away, and three contractors died.
On February 16, 2009, at ConagraFoods, located in , Oregon, USA, a contractor welder is repairing a crack located at the bottom of a filter tank. A metal skirt seat is located around its tapered base. When the welder works inside the storage tank, an explosion occurs, causing the internal structure of the storage tank to collapse and the welder dies.
dimethyl ester
. Main uses: used to make dyes and methylating agents for amines and alcohols. Analytical reagents. organically synthesizes , methylation reagent. Solvent. Its vapor is highly toxic, and was used as a war gas . It is used as a reagent for measuring coal tar and as a methyl substituting agent in organic synthesis.
. Safety measures: Sealed and stored in a dry and ventilated place away from fire and heat sources to prevent direct sunlight.
. Dangerous characteristics: is in danger of burning and explosion when exposed to heat sources, open flames, and oxidants. If it encounters high heat, it may cause severe decomposition, causing the container to rupture or explosion accident. Strong reaction with ammonium hydroxide.
In addition, you can also see that the working environment on the site is very harsh, the wires in the work site are chaotic, and there are high-risk chemical tanks around them. There are no safety measures on site, and there is no dedicated supervision. It is a very typical accident caused by brutal construction.
So, how to ensure the safety of the fire operation process?
Fire operation refers to temporary operations that may produce flames, Mars, sparks and red hot surfaces in the factory area, and use electric drills, grinding wheels, etc. in flammable and explosive places.
In all aspects of the production process of enterprises and factories, various types of fire operations are often involved. If the prevention measures are not done properly, explosions, fires and other accidents are very likely to occur. At the least, property losses will be caused, and at the worst, casualties will be caused.
Fire grading
. Special fire operation
In special hazardous places such as flammable and explosive production equipment, conveying pipelines, storage tanks, containers and other flammable and explosive production equipment, conveying pipelines, storage tanks, container parts under production operation. The operation of fire without replacement with pressure is managed according to the special fire operation.
. First-level fire operation
In addition to the special fire operation performed in flammable and explosive places. The fire operation on the pipe corridor for conveying flammable and explosive media in the factory area is managed as the first-level fire operation.
. Secondary fire operation
Hot operation in non-fixed fire zones except for special fire operation and first-level fire operation. All production devices or systems in flammable and explosive places shall be parked. After the device is cleaned, replaced, sampled and analyzed and safety isolation measures are taken, the fire in this area shall be considered as a secondary fire.
. Fixed fire operation in the fire area
Regular and repetitive conventional fire operation in fixed areas such as laboratories, machining workshops, canteens, etc., where small fire hazard safety measures are properly implemented.
fire type
high-altitude fire operation
. High-altitude fire operation should be implemented in the "Safety License Standard for High-altitude Work" and wear flame retardant safety belts and other protective supplies.
. For high-altitude fire operation, if there are combustible materials, hollows, shade wells, gutters, water seals, etc. on the lower ground, check and take measures to lay flame retardant blankets below, block holes and other measures to prevent sparks from falling. The fire guardian should pay attention to the parts where sparks may fall at any time.
. In case of wind at level 5 or above (including level 5) should not be carried out outdoor high-level fire operation.
Entering the confined space fire operation
. The " Confined Space Job Safety License Standard" should be implemented and the materials inside the confined space are cleaned. For special and first-level fires, steam purging (or cooking), nitrogen replacement or water rinsing, and open the upper, middle and lower human holes to form air convection or use mechanical forced ventilation.
. The gas detection of confined spaces should include combustible gas concentration , toxic and harmful gas concentration, oxygen concentration, etc., and its combustible medium (including explosive dust) content meets the requirements of the "Safety License Standard for Confined Space Operations".
Fire operation in soil operation
. Fire operation in soil operation should also implement the "Safety License Standard for Earthwork Operations" and take safety measures to ensure the safety and escape of fire operators.
. Personnel who performs fire operation in the buried pipeline operation pit should tie a safety rope of flame-retardant or non-combustible material.
st fire operation with pressure and no replacement
.st fire operation with pressure and no replacement is a special fire operation and should strictly implement the standard requirements. It is strictly forbidden to carry out pressure-free fire when production is unstable and equipment and pipeline corrosion is carried out; it is strictly forbidden to carry pressure-free fire when pipelines such as pipes that may be poisoned, such as pipes that convey toxic gas substances, are likely to be poisoned.
. During operation with pressure and no replacement of fire, the flame formed by the combustible gas leaked from the pipe encounters an open flame. If there is no special danger, it should not be extinguished.
. Negative pressure is strictly prohibited.
Principles of fire operation
. Whenever fire is fired on equipment, containers and pipelines that produce, store and transport combustible materials, the source of the material should be cut off and added with the same process level blind plate . After thoroughly purge, clean and replace, the manhole is opened, ventilation is ventilated, and after analysis is passed, the fire can be used. After passing the analysis, if the fire is used for more than half an hour, the fire analysis must be performed again.
. The normal production equipment and tank area are fired according to the first-level or special-level requirements. Any fire that can move or does not move will remain unmoved. Anyone that can be removed must be removed and moved to a safe place to start a fire. Fire is prohibited if it does not affect the normal production during holidays. For fires that are necessary during holidays (including factory holidays), the fire level will be increased by one level according to the fire level.
. The fire approver must visit the site to inspect and implement fire prevention measures before issuing the fire ticket. A fire ticket is limited to one place to fire. The validity time of the special and first-level fire tickets shall not exceed 4 hours (it is indeed due to the large workload and the fire usage time may be appropriately extended, but shall not exceed 8 hours), the second-level fire ticket shall not exceed 3 days, and the limitation period of the second-level fire tickets shall not exceed holidays.
. The device is undergoing large and medium repairs. Due to the large workload of fire, flammable, combustible and toxic materials should be completely sent out of the device, and a blind plate should be added to isolate it from the device. The "first knife" of fire after replacement must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of first-level fire use. The device has entered the production preparation stage. If it really needs to be fired, it must be handled as first-level or special-level fired.
. When entering the equipment, the "safety management system for entering the equipment" must be followed. If the oxygen, explosion and poison measurement are qualified, the analysis order must be attached behind the fire order.
. "Three Ones" Principles: Special and first-level fire-fire strictly implement "one fire point, one "Fire Operation Safety License", and one fire-fire guardian".
Fire operation ten must! Please remember!
. Fire analysis must be carried out
Fire analysis must be carried out before fire; fire interruption time exceeds 30 minutes, resampling and analysis must be taken; when fire is fired in special hazardous places, portable combustible gas detectors and other devices must be used to monitor the concentration of combustible gases on site at any time.
. Hazard identification must be carried out
Before fire is started, the fire unit and the production unit should identify and evaluate the possible hazards and harmful factors on site and fire process, and formulate corresponding safety measures.
. The fire operation site must be cleaned
Before fire, flammable and combustible items on the site and around must be removed, and the combustible gas concentration in the underground pipelines, hollows, manholes, trenches, water seals and other confined spaces around the fire point must be analyzed and detected, and corresponding safety measures must be taken. After the fire is over, the site must be cleaned and the fire monitor can only leave after confirming that there is no residual fire.
. Equipment that meets safety requirements must be used
Before fire is started, the fire unit will inspect the equipment, facilities, tools, etc. involved in the operation. The operation equipment and equipment must be intact and inspected as required to meet safety requirements.
. Fixed operation must be fixed-pointed
The specific fire position point or fire area must be clearly defined, and a cordon must be set. It is strictly forbidden to change or move the fire position, and the fire range shall not be expanded without authorization.
. It is necessary to operate regularly
The specific fire time must be clear and the operation must be carried out strictly in accordance with the time limit of the fire safety operation certificate. If the validity period exceeds the time limit, the fire safety operation certificate should be re-applied.
. A special person must be assigned to monitor the fire
Fire monitoring person must be the personnel of the issuing unit of the fire safety operation certificate, and be responsible for the supervision and inspection of the fire rush site. During the fire rush, you must not leave your post or do other work. Anhui Provincial Emergency Management Department’s official website reported that at around 10:00 on April 7, Shanghai Longjing Environmental Protection Company flashed and exploded during the welding and leak-blocking operation on the top of the desulfurization pulping tank of Huasu Thermal Power Plant in Dingyuan County, causing 6 workers to fall from the top of the tank (about 5 meters high). One person died on the spot and five people died after they were sent to the hospital for rescue. Similar cases! A subcontractor of an engineering construction company under a super-large petroleum group in China changed the fence on the top of the 500 cubic buffer tank at the water injection station of the oil production plant, causing the operators at the top of the tank to fall from the top of the tank, and killed two people on the spot. other typical fire operation accident cases At about 11:19 am on March 8, 2019, Qingdao Hongxing Logistics Industry Co., Ltd. started a fire while organizing the maintenance of the No. 3 tank of refined oil, and accidentally caught fire when removing the floating disk sealing sponge. caused two people to be injured, and one of them died after rescue was invalid , and one person's life characteristics were normal. At around 15:37 on April 15, 2019, at about 15:37, Shandong Province, during the pipeline renovation process, was ignited by electric welding sparks during the fire process to produce smoke, resulting in 18 of the 10 staff members working on the site suffocation to death on the spot, and the remaining two staff members died during the rescue process. Another 12 rescuers were choked and injured. July 14, 2018 at 15:22, China National Petroleum and Natural Gas No. 7 Construction Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as CNPC 7 Construction) suddenly exploded, and the accident caused 1 death and 1 injury . During the "83 device shut down and maintenance" operation in the nylon workshop of the nylon plant of China National Petroleum Corporation Qijian Liaoyang Petrochemical Branch, during the fire operation, the tert-butanol storage tank R211 (tank volume 25.15m3 and 2.96 tons of tert-butanol) suddenly flashed, causing the tert-butanol leakage and causing a fire. At around 15:33 on May 12, 2018, a blitz explosion occurred during a benzene tank in Sinopec Shanghai Saike Petrochemical Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Shanghai Saike Company) and caused the inspection and maintenance operation to be carried out, causing the inspection and maintenance operation to be carried out by contractor Shanghai Ajinke Engineering Construction Service Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Shanghai Ajinke Company) on-site workers to die.
At around 8:50 on February 10, 2018, Shanghai Silicon Products International Trade Co., Ltd. leased an abandoned storage tank in the storage tank area of Jiujiang Zhongwei Technology Chemical Co., Ltd. (has been suspended for five years). flash explosion accident occurred due to illegal fire operation in maintenance . caused a total of 2 deaths in , of which 1 drowned and died; 1 fell from a high place and was seriously injured, and died after being sent to the hospital for rescue.
On February 17, 2017, a flash explosion accident occurred in the Jiangnan factory of Songyuan Petrochemical Co., Ltd., Songyuan City, Jilin Province during the fire operation of the acid water tank of the gasoline and diesel modification joint device, causing 3 deaths.
On March 20, 2017, Henan Yuchuan Smelting Plant in Jiyuan City, Henan Province, Henan Province, exploded when rust-dead valve was cut on the top of the selenite acid tower trough in the anode mud pretreatment workshop that was suspended for maintenance, causing 3 deaths.
On May 12, 2009, at the TEPPCOPartners McRae terminal located in , Arkansas, USA, three contractors were cutting operations on the top of the inner floating roof of a large gasoline storage tank. According to the analysis of the CSB investigation team, the cutting operation ignited the combustible steam in the storage tank, and a violent explosion occurred inside the storage tank. The explosion of exploded and the floating roof and the second dome lid in the storage tank were blown away, and three contractors died.
On February 16, 2009, at ConagraFoods, located in , Oregon, USA, a contractor welder is repairing a crack located at the bottom of a filter tank. A metal skirt seat is located around its tapered base. When the welder works inside the storage tank, an explosion occurs, causing the internal structure of the storage tank to collapse and the welder dies.
dimethyl ester
. Main uses: used to make dyes and methylating agents for amines and alcohols. Analytical reagents. organically synthesizes , methylation reagent. Solvent. Its vapor is highly toxic, and was used as a war gas . It is used as a reagent for measuring coal tar and as a methyl substituting agent in organic synthesis.
. Safety measures: Sealed and stored in a dry and ventilated place away from fire and heat sources to prevent direct sunlight.
. Dangerous characteristics: is in danger of burning and explosion when exposed to heat sources, open flames, and oxidants. If it encounters high heat, it may cause severe decomposition, causing the container to rupture or explosion accident. Strong reaction with ammonium hydroxide.
In addition, you can also see that the working environment on the site is very harsh, the wires in the work site are chaotic, and there are high-risk chemical tanks around them. There are no safety measures on site, and there is no dedicated supervision. It is a very typical accident caused by brutal construction.
So, how to ensure the safety of the fire operation process?
Fire operation refers to temporary operations that may produce flames, Mars, sparks and red hot surfaces in the factory area, and use electric drills, grinding wheels, etc. in flammable and explosive places.
In all aspects of the production process of enterprises and factories, various types of fire operations are often involved. If the prevention measures are not done properly, explosions, fires and other accidents are very likely to occur. At the least, property losses will be caused, and at the worst, casualties will be caused.
Fire grading
. Special fire operation
In special hazardous places such as flammable and explosive production equipment, conveying pipelines, storage tanks, containers and other flammable and explosive production equipment, conveying pipelines, storage tanks, container parts under production operation. The operation of fire without replacement with pressure is managed according to the special fire operation.
. First-level fire operation
In addition to the special fire operation performed in flammable and explosive places. The fire operation on the pipe corridor for conveying flammable and explosive media in the factory area is managed as the first-level fire operation.
. Secondary fire operation
Hot operation in non-fixed fire zones except for special fire operation and first-level fire operation. All production devices or systems in flammable and explosive places shall be parked. After the device is cleaned, replaced, sampled and analyzed and safety isolation measures are taken, the fire in this area shall be considered as a secondary fire.
. Fixed fire operation in the fire area
Regular and repetitive conventional fire operation in fixed areas such as laboratories, machining workshops, canteens, etc., where small fire hazard safety measures are properly implemented.
fire type
high-altitude fire operation
. High-altitude fire operation should be implemented in the "Safety License Standard for High-altitude Work" and wear flame retardant safety belts and other protective supplies.
. For high-altitude fire operation, if there are combustible materials, hollows, shade wells, gutters, water seals, etc. on the lower ground, check and take measures to lay flame retardant blankets below, block holes and other measures to prevent sparks from falling. The fire guardian should pay attention to the parts where sparks may fall at any time.
. In case of wind at level 5 or above (including level 5) should not be carried out outdoor high-level fire operation.
Entering the confined space fire operation
. The " Confined Space Job Safety License Standard" should be implemented and the materials inside the confined space are cleaned. For special and first-level fires, steam purging (or cooking), nitrogen replacement or water rinsing, and open the upper, middle and lower human holes to form air convection or use mechanical forced ventilation.
. The gas detection of confined spaces should include combustible gas concentration , toxic and harmful gas concentration, oxygen concentration, etc., and its combustible medium (including explosive dust) content meets the requirements of the "Safety License Standard for Confined Space Operations".
Fire operation in soil operation
. Fire operation in soil operation should also implement the "Safety License Standard for Earthwork Operations" and take safety measures to ensure the safety and escape of fire operators.
. Personnel who performs fire operation in the buried pipeline operation pit should tie a safety rope of flame-retardant or non-combustible material.
st fire operation with pressure and no replacement
.st fire operation with pressure and no replacement is a special fire operation and should strictly implement the standard requirements. It is strictly forbidden to carry out pressure-free fire when production is unstable and equipment and pipeline corrosion is carried out; it is strictly forbidden to carry pressure-free fire when pipelines such as pipes that may be poisoned, such as pipes that convey toxic gas substances, are likely to be poisoned.
. During operation with pressure and no replacement of fire, the flame formed by the combustible gas leaked from the pipe encounters an open flame. If there is no special danger, it should not be extinguished.
. Negative pressure is strictly prohibited.
Principles of fire operation
. Whenever fire is fired on equipment, containers and pipelines that produce, store and transport combustible materials, the source of the material should be cut off and added with the same process level blind plate . After thoroughly purge, clean and replace, the manhole is opened, ventilation is ventilated, and after analysis is passed, the fire can be used. After passing the analysis, if the fire is used for more than half an hour, the fire analysis must be performed again.
. The normal production equipment and tank area are fired according to the first-level or special-level requirements. Any fire that can move or does not move will remain unmoved. Anyone that can be removed must be removed and moved to a safe place to start a fire. Fire is prohibited if it does not affect the normal production during holidays. For fires that are necessary during holidays (including factory holidays), the fire level will be increased by one level according to the fire level.
. The fire approver must visit the site to inspect and implement fire prevention measures before issuing the fire ticket. A fire ticket is limited to one place to fire. The validity time of the special and first-level fire tickets shall not exceed 4 hours (it is indeed due to the large workload and the fire usage time may be appropriately extended, but shall not exceed 8 hours), the second-level fire ticket shall not exceed 3 days, and the limitation period of the second-level fire tickets shall not exceed holidays.
. The device is undergoing large and medium repairs. Due to the large workload of fire, flammable, combustible and toxic materials should be completely sent out of the device, and a blind plate should be added to isolate it from the device. The "first knife" of fire after replacement must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of first-level fire use. The device has entered the production preparation stage. If it really needs to be fired, it must be handled as first-level or special-level fired.
. When entering the equipment, the "safety management system for entering the equipment" must be followed. If the oxygen, explosion and poison measurement are qualified, the analysis order must be attached behind the fire order.
. "Three Ones" Principles: Special and first-level fire-fire strictly implement "one fire point, one "Fire Operation Safety License", and one fire-fire guardian".
Fire operation ten must! Please remember!
. Fire analysis must be carried out
Fire analysis must be carried out before fire; fire interruption time exceeds 30 minutes, resampling and analysis must be taken; when fire is fired in special hazardous places, portable combustible gas detectors and other devices must be used to monitor the concentration of combustible gases on site at any time.
. Hazard identification must be carried out
Before fire is started, the fire unit and the production unit should identify and evaluate the possible hazards and harmful factors on site and fire process, and formulate corresponding safety measures.
. The fire operation site must be cleaned
Before fire, flammable and combustible items on the site and around must be removed, and the combustible gas concentration in the underground pipelines, hollows, manholes, trenches, water seals and other confined spaces around the fire point must be analyzed and detected, and corresponding safety measures must be taken. After the fire is over, the site must be cleaned and the fire monitor can only leave after confirming that there is no residual fire.
. Equipment that meets safety requirements must be used
Before fire is started, the fire unit will inspect the equipment, facilities, tools, etc. involved in the operation. The operation equipment and equipment must be intact and inspected as required to meet safety requirements.
. Fixed operation must be fixed-pointed
The specific fire position point or fire area must be clearly defined, and a cordon must be set. It is strictly forbidden to change or move the fire position, and the fire range shall not be expanded without authorization.
. It is necessary to operate regularly
The specific fire time must be clear and the operation must be carried out strictly in accordance with the time limit of the fire safety operation certificate. If the validity period exceeds the time limit, the fire safety operation certificate should be re-applied.
. A special person must be assigned to monitor the fire
Fire monitoring person must be the personnel of the issuing unit of the fire safety operation certificate, and be responsible for the supervision and inspection of the fire rush site. During the fire rush, you must not leave your post or do other work.
welding gas cutting ten times! Please abide by it!
No special operation certificate, no welding is required
Welder must certificate to work
Welder must 2
Unknown persons are not allowed to perform welding and cutting operations
No reliable safety measures in rainy days and open-air operations, and no welding and cutting
It is easy to cause slippery feet in rainy days
slip or fall
At the same time, the human body resistance is small in rainy days, easy to cause electric shock
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Soldering operation without cleaning
May cause poisoning or fire accident
works in the container without 12 volts low-voltage lighting and poor ventilation, and does not weld and cut
When the lighting is insufficient
is prone to misoperation or other safety hazards
During welding, toxic and harmful gases and smoke will be generated
is prone to poisoning accidents in poor ventilation
There is no power outage in the device, the device has not removed the pressure, and no welding is cut
welding without power loss
electric shock accident
welding without pressure relief
gas or liquid is prone to ejection of
flammable and explosive items around the operating area have not been eliminated, and they are not welded and cut
flammable and explosive items are not eliminated clean
easy ignited by Mars
html ml1 Welding properties are unclear, Mars' flying direction is unknown, and not welded and cut
welding objects are unknown
Equipment security accessories are incomplete or invalid, and do not weld and cut
welding handle wire, ground wire, welding pliers
, tempering valves, fusible plugs and other accessories on acetylene bottle html
is an important facility to ensure the safety of welding and cutting operations
9
9
no dedicated monitoring or protective measures in boilers, containers and other equipment. No welding and cutting
When welding in a limited or confined space
Must have a dedicated person to guard and monitor
so as to deal with
in order to deal with
in case of dangerous situations occurring in a timely manner when a dangerous situation occurs
0
No safety measures were taken in the fire-ban area, no fire-drive procedures were completed, no welding and cutting
Fire risk level in the fire-ban area
Fire risk level in the fire-ban area
html l1 Implement welding and cutting operations in the fire-ban zone
Generally implemented (level three) approval process
Source: EHS Home
Edit: Zhuhai Emergency Management
