Tourists visit the fifth floor of Chen's family in Luozhou Town, Fuzhou City to learn about Wu Shi's deeds. Wu Shi's data photo remake of
.
In the General Wu Shi Square, the statue of Wu Shi stood quietly. All are full photos of our reporter Wei Pei
Premier Zhou Enlai left an instructor before his death: Don’t forget Wu Shi and the others...
Who is "Wu Shi"? He is a senior general of the Kuomintang, but he sent a large amount of secret core intelligence from the heart of the Kuomintang, accelerating the process of liberating the whole of China.
He never joined the Chinese Communist Party , but he was willing to work for the Chinese Communist Party . He lurked on the island to liberate Taiwan. Unfortunately, he was exposed and was killed by the Kuomintang in Taipei Machang Town in 1950.
Wu Shi, this legendary hero on the hidden front of the Communist Party of China, has too many stories. Why is he willing to work for the Communist Party? What kind of thrilling "spy war" experience did he have? How did he accept the top secret mission from the mainland to Taiwan, and how did he sacrifice his life?
At the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Party, the reporter visited the birthplace of Wu Shi in Luozhou, Fuzhou, Wu Shi's temporary residence in Sanfang and Qixiang, and visited the remains of this mysterious Fuzhou man and explored the legendary life of this "lurker".
June 10 this year marks the 71st anniversary of General Wu Shi’s death. Let us clear away the fog of history, approach a real "red envoy", and explore the "family and country code" behind him.
The real "spy war"
Shanghai Yuyuan Road, swaying swaying, the alley is deep, and the tide shops are gathered. This romantic "Internet celebrity street" once witnessed the "spy war" more than half a century ago.
In March 11949, No. 2 Jiandefang, Yuyuan Road, Shanghai, the residence of He Kang, an underground member of the Communist Party of China. Wu Shi, Lieutenant General of the Ministry of Defense, came as promised, with a top-secret piece of information.
He Kang was surprised to find that this was the deployment map of the Kuomintang army's Yangtze River river defense force. "The troops number indicated on the map was so detailed that it was the regiment."
At that time, the Chinese People's Liberation Army advanced to the north bank of the Yangtze River, and the road to Nanjing, the center of the Kuomintang rule, had been opened, but the struggle between the enemy and us was very complicated. Zhang Zhen, who was the chief of staff of the third field army of at the time, recalled that the information provided by Wu Shi allowed the PLA to determine the main attack position of crossing the river, "it was very helpful for crossing the river to fight ."
"The reason why Wu Shi is an unknown hero with outstanding achievements on the hidden front of our party is that he provided core intelligence at key nodes such as the Crossing the River Battle , and made special contributions to the accelerated end of the war in the Liberation War." Zheng Li, the author of "Leng Yue Silent-Biography of Wu Shi", said.
"Spring and Autumn Book Series and Biography Volume" by the Party History Press of the Communist Party of China, including 10 volumes including "Zhou Enlai, Commander of the Concealed Front", "Li Kenong, the Outstanding Leader of the Concealed Front", " Pan Hannian's Intelligence Career ". "The Silent Cold Moon - The Biography of Wu Shi" is one of them.
Zheng Li introduced that Wu Shi is a military strategy expert and is familiar with judging the value of intelligence. In addition, he holds an important position and explores intelligence like fish in water. "At that time, Wu Shi was the director of the Shi Zheng Bureau. On the surface, the Shi Zheng Bureau could not be linked to the core military intelligence. However, according to the "Regulations on the Shi Zheng Bureau Work", all the core military information of the Kuomintang must be submitted to the Shi Zheng Bureau for filing. Often, important military charts appear on his desk shortly after the research of important military deployments." Zheng Li said.
Since early 1949, Wu Shi often took trains between Shanghai and Nanjing. These two places are the "tiger dens" that spies are everywhere. It took seven or eight hours to travel between the two places, and Wu Shi didn't know how many times he had traveled.
"He mostly departed from Nanjing at 8 or 9 pm and arrived in Shanghai at 3 or 4 a.m. the next day." Zheng Li introduced that Wu Shi was responsible for this extremely dangerous intelligence transfer work. Sometimes he personally delivered intelligence to Jiandefang, and sometimes he packed the information and sent his trusted adjutant to submit it.
2009 TV series "Luxing" was hit, and thousands of viewers were moved by the lurker "Yu Zecheng". As one of the prototypes of "Yu Zecheng", Wu Shi entered the public's vision from historical records, which caused heated discussion.
Zheng Li said: "Yu Zecheng is fictional, Wu Shi is real." This sentence became the preface on the waist seal when "Cold Moon Silent - Biography of Wu Shi" was reprinted.
11948, with the help of Wu Shi, the secret member of the Communist Party of China, Wu Zhongxi, went deep into the enemy camp and successfully obtained the "the earliest and more comprehensive information obtained by the People's Liberation Army before the Huaihai Campaign, " - "Xuzhou Suppression General Situation".
In the second year, Wu Shi became the deputy director of the "Fuzhou Pacification Office". He used this special identity to provide the Communist Party with many important information, including the Kuomintang’s military deployment in Fujian and Taiwan through the hands of Xie Xiaonai, head of the Fujian Intelligence Group of the Central Intelligence Department of the Communist Party of China with the pseudonym Wu Shookang.
The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to the information provided by Wu Shi. According to Xie Xiaonai's recollection, he checked the same number with Wu Shi in accordance with the instructions of the central leaders. Wu Shi asked, "Can Mr. Zhou Enlai see it?" After seeing Xie Xiaonai nodding, Wu Shi showed a satisfied expression.
Zheng Li introduced that in Shanghai, Fuzhou, Guangzhou and Hong Kong, Wu Shi risked his life again and again to send the Kuomintang's core intelligence such as "The Deployment of the Yangtze River Defense Forces", "National Armature Deployment Map", "Military Deployment of Beijing, Shanghai and Hangzhou", and "National Operational Deployment of Beijing, Shanghai and Hangzhou after the Fall of Beijing, Shanghai and Hangzhou" to the underground organizations of the Communist Party of China in a timely manner, making special contributions to the liberation of important cities such as Nanjing, Shanghai and Fuzhou.
"Luxing" pursuit
"Wu Shi is already a senior official of the Kuomintang and lives a prosperous life. Why is he willing to give up all this and risk his life to follow the Communist Party to carry out the revolution?" Lin Hongjian asked.
Over the years, as the executive deputy director of the Fujian Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Lin Hongjian often tells the legendary stories of Wu Shi to party members and cadres.
Lin Hongjian once visited Wucuo Village, Luozhou Town, Fuzhou. This is the ancestral home where Wu Shi was born.
On the General Wu Shi Square covered with green trees, the statue of Wu Shi stood quietly, and the "Life of Wu Shi" engraved on the stone wall seemed to be silently telling. The display board next to emphasizes the content that most people are most interested in: there are "comparison pictures" of Wu Shi's military uniform photos and stills from the TV series "Luxing".
Walking into Wu Shi’s former residence, the reporter found that this was a two-in-one wooden courtyard. According to reports, most of the yard has been renovated, and only the main hall still maintains its original appearance decades ago.
1894, Wu Shi was born in a family of humble scholars. At the age of 18, Wu Shi participated in the Northern Expedition of Fujian 1911. At the age of 21, he graduated from the Second Preparatory Officer's School in Wuchang, Hubei with the first place. At the age of 23, he graduated from Baoding Military Academy, Hebei with the first place in the same period and was nicknamed "Wu Zhuangyuan". At the age of 37, he was admitted to Japanese Army University and had excellent grades in school. He was known as the "twelve capable people" because of his "can be literary and martial, poetry, lyrics, calligraphy and painting".
After returning from Japan in 1934, Wu Shi served in the General Staff Headquarters of the National Revolutionary Army. After the Lugou Bridge Incident broke out, the anti-Japanese and national salvation movement was launched nationwide. During the Battle of Wuhan , Wu Shi and other generals and military experts formulated a "battle plan to surround Wuhan." As a recognized "Japan Communication", Wu Shi was doing outstanding intelligence behind the scenes and was quickly promoted. Wu Shi was promoted to major general of the army at the age of 43 and lieutenant general of the army at the age of 48.
In the War of Resistance Against Japan , Wu Shi participated in the planning and guidance of major battles such as Changsha, Hunan and Guizhou, southern Guangxi, Kunlun Pass, and Guiliu. In 1945, Wu Shi was commended for his contributions to Anti-Japanese War .
People can’t help but ask, why did such a talented and important Kuomintang general become the “lurker” of the Communist Party of China? When did he start working for the CCP?
Zheng Li said that after Wu Shi was arrested, in order to protect other comrades, he pretended to have started working for the Communist Party in the spring of 1949. In fact, according to the conclusions of relevant departments, Wu Shi began to work for the Communist Party of China in 1947. His contacts and interactions with the top leaders of the Communist Party of China began as early as 1937.
King and Communist Party cooperation During the War of Resistance Against Japan, Wu Shi had some understanding of the Communist Party of China. He had heard Zhou Enlai's speech in Luojia Mountain, Wuhan and had dates with Ye Jianying and others. He also studied Chairman Mao's " on the protracted war " and thought it was amazing. What really prompted Wu Shi to change was his complete disappointment with the Kuomintang.Later, He Kang, the Minister of Agriculture, mentioned in his oral article: , the battle of Guiliu, failed, and Wu Shi, who was on the front line, hated the situation of "foot in front and tight in back". After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan, he witnessed the "five sons passed the imperial examination"-style "robbery" (referring to the Kuomintang's passion for gold, houses, money, cars, women), the soaring prices and the people's miserable life. In particular, Chiang Kai-shek violated the will of the general public to build a peaceful country, and brazenly launched a civil war. He felt very disappointed and distressed, and repeatedly sighed that "the Kuomintang will not perish is lawless."
Wu Shi's political tendencies changed, and he was deeply influenced by He Sui , who became a "friend of life and death" with him. He Sui and Wu Shi were fellow villagers in Fuzhou, 6 years older than Wu Shi. They had relationships with the Communist Party of China in the early days of the War of Resistance Against Japan. He Sui is not a member of the Communist Party of China, but his son He Kang and his other two sons, one daughter and one daughter-in-law are all underground members of the Communist Party of China.
Under the influence of He Sui, Wu Shi gradually turned to our party. In 1947, the Shanghai Bureau of the CPC Central Committee began to contact and fight for Wu Shi. In April of that year, Wu Shi "established some kind of connection" with the Communist Party. After that, He Kang began to contact Wu Shi in a single line.
Straits have echoes
11950 On June 10, in Taipei Machang Town, two gunshots, Wu Shi fell in a pool of blood at the age of 57.
At that time, his public identity was Lieutenant General and Deputy Chief of Staff of the Kuomintang Army.
Zheng Li said that General Wu Shi was the first senior Kuomintang general to be massacred after the collapse of the Kuomintang regime and was in peace with Taiwan.
1949, the day before the liberation of Fuzhou, Wu Shi took a plane from Fuzhou to Taiwan in the early morning and never returned. After
arrived in Taiwan, Wu Shi was promoted to Deputy Chief of Staff and continued to provide important information about Taiwan to the CCP. Every Saturday at 4 pm, "Mrs. Chen" who transformed into a visit to his grandson in Taiwan - Zhu Feng, a special commissioner of the East China Bureau of the Communist Party of China, will go to the Wu Mansion on Qingtian Street, Taipei City, to retrieve the information prepared by Wu Shi, and then transmit it from Hong Kong to the mainland through secret channels.
This intelligence link has been safe and sound. Unexpectedly, starting from the end of 1949, the Taiwan Provincial Working Committee of the Communist Party of China was severely damaged by the Kuomintang's Secret Service, affecting 619 party members and cadres at all levels of the Communist Party of China and 96 people. Wu Shi and others were implicated and arrested and imprisoned one after another.
Wu Shi suffered repeated torture interrogation in prison. Even if one eye was blind, he was always loyal and unyielding. The Kuomintang authorities said that "the investigation of Wu Shi is the most difficult thing."
In Zheng Li's view, after Wu Shi went to Taiwan, his ties with the CCP had been interrupted due to the barriers of the strait. He could be fully at ease as his deputy chief of staff and enjoy wealth and glory. But he chose to continue fighting on the isolated island and get in close contact with death. During the white terror on the island at that time, he took great risks and went to Hong Kong alone twice to find party organizations and establish contact with the CCP’s intelligence agencies in Hong Kong. After returning to Taiwan, he organized an intelligence network and worked hard to liberate Taiwan and realize the reunification of the motherland until his sacrifice.
Before the execution, General Wu Shi calmly left his poem, and the last two lines were "After a loving heart is in my heart, I can't bear to treat my old man under the spring."
At that time, three martyrs Zhu Feng, Chen Baocang and Nie Xi were killed by the Kuomintang.
2013 Beijing Xishan National Forest Park built an unsung hero memorial square, erecting statues for Wu Shi and four other martyrs. Wu Shi's granddaughter Wu Hong often goes to the memorial square. She said: "Every September 28, our four families and other descendants of martyrs will be invited to Beijing’s Unsung Heroes Memorial Square to participate in the commemorative activities. Every time I go there, I see someone presenting flowers to the statue."
When Wu Shi went to Taiwan, he brought a pair of children and left the other two children in the mainland.
As a granddaughter, Wu Hong remembers that in 1973, the Henan Provincial Department of Civil Affairs issued a martyr's certificate to his family and also issued a 650 yuan pension. "This was considered a 'huge sum' at that time, but my father (Wu Shaocheng, a member of the Communist Party of China) did not leave a penny, and he paid all the party dues."
1994, the ashes of General Wu Shi and his wife were placed in Futian Cemetery, Xiangshan, Beijing. "At this ceremony, I got a better understanding of my grandfather," said Wu Hong.
In 2019, at the invitation of the Sanshan Humanities Memorial Park in Fuzhou, Wu Hong came to Fuzhou to attend the unveiling ceremony of the bronze statues of General Wu Shi and General He Sui.After the ceremony, she went to Sanfang Qixiang - Wu Shizhe lived at No. 22 Palace Lane for a while. On the first floor corridor of this brick and wood mansion that combines Chinese and Western styles, there is an exhibition board hanging to introduce General Wu Shi's life.
"People are very enthusiastic when they know that I am Wu Shi's granddaughter. I can fully feel the respect of the people in my hometown for my grandfather." Wu Hong said.
The people of Fuzhou will not forget Wu Shi's important contribution. At that time, Wu Shi provided the deployment of the Kuomintang Fuzhou defenders to the Communist Party, and tried his best to prevent Chiang Kai-shek from building defensive fortifications, so that the People's Liberation Army could barely fight, and invaded Fuzhou City without any war, protecting this thousand-year-old ancient city to the greatest extent.
What made Lin Hongjian particularly happy was that in the Fujian special lecture on party history learning and education in March this year, "General Wu Shi and other heroes" were mentioned.
Zheng Li has compiled more than 600,000 words of "Wu Shi Yi Mo" and is striving to publish it. "As Premier Zhou instructed, we should not forget those who have done things that have been beneficial to the people, and we should not forget Wu Shi and the others." Zheng Li said. (Reporters Zou Shengwen, Xu Xueyi, Liu Shaoqing)
Source: Xinhua Daily Telegraph
