Reference: Shanghai Science and Technology Education Press, written by Tong Menghou, "Shanghai Crime Scene Investigation - Legend of the Oriental Detective Yan forensic Medicine"
Reference Cover of this article
4 April 15, 1999, a Korean Air MD-11F cargo plane that took off from Shanghai Hongqiao Airport suddenly dived down and crashed on a construction site next to Qinchunyuan New Village, Xinxi South Road, Xinzhuang Town, Minhang District, Shanghai. The plane collapsed in a shattering manner. The crash site is 121°22′16" east longitude and 31°06′ north latitude. None of the three crew members on board survived. also caused 5 deaths, 42 injuries, and houses of nearly 1,000 households to be damaged (for details of the accident, please see our factory manager Second view of the Korean Air HL-7373 MD-11F cargo plane drawn by our factory manager
This incident shocked greatly. Foreign public opinion was rumored for a moment that "the Korean cargo plane crashed after the explosion in Shanghai", and various media also All kinds of fuel and fire. Therefore, the central government ordered the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government to find out the truth as soon as possible. The first step in the investigation was to confirm the identity of the three crew members of the Korean Air crashed cargo plane. This important task naturally fell on the forensics in the forensic room of the Criminal Investigation Corps of the Shanghai Public Security Bureau.
Because of learning that South Korea would send its authority in the forensic field, Lee Guangyong, then the dean of the Korean Aeronautics and Space Medical School, personally led a team to Shanghai to jointly confirm the identity of the three Korean crew members with China. It was the then Director of the Shanghai Public Security Bureau, Director Liu Yungeng, who was personally issued an order to the Criminal Investigation Corps of the Municipal Bureau, "Please confirm the identity of the crew of the 4.15 aircraft crash and formulate documents to report to the Municipal Bureau. It should be as soon as possible, standardized and earnest." At the same time, he specially pointed out the name of Yan Jianjun, director of the forensic department: "Forensic Medical Doctor Yan must go (Director Liu Yungeng is also a die-hard supporter of "When there are criminal cases, look for Yan Fa').
Liu Yungeng, who was the director of the Shanghai Public Security Bureau at the time,
Yan Jianjun
On the way to the scene, Yan Jianjun, who was sitting in the car with his eyes closed and resting, was thinking about several questions in his mind:
1. Are there only three pilots on this plane? Will there be a fourth person?
2. Are the three pilots on this plane these three pilots? Could they be the other three pilots?
3. Will there be wounds on the pilot's body? What kind of wounds will there be? Gunshots? Tool strikes Injury? Pinch? Or knife wound? If there is indeed a wound, is it caused before or after death?
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Facts have proved that he still thought too simply. Yan Jianjun is not an aviation professional, so he only has the image of a body in his mind, but because the plane fell to pieces, when he led his team to the crash site, the mess that caught his eyes was still beyond his expectations: it was raining, the fragments of the plane, the fragments of the cargo, the wreckage of the human body, daily necessities, and suitcases were scattered everywhere. Yes Yan Jianjun ignored other miscellaneous items. He was all focused on finding the remains of the pilot who had fallen into pieces and was broken.
Engine wreckage at the crash site
The crash site was in a mess
2 hours later, Lee Guangyong, the director of the Korean Aeronautics and Space Medicine, who had just flew from Seoul, South Korea, and brought his team to the scene in scattered manner, and then he was also involved in finding the pilot's remains. In the work of the body. The two groups of people had no language and had no translation. When they wanted to communicate, they could only rely on the Koreans' poor Chinese hand and feet to use gestures, or simply talk with a pen. After all, in South Korea, cultural people with some status can still understand a few Chinese characters.
After 5 hours of search, forensic doctors from both China and South Korea collected some of the residual bodies of the three pilots. Yan Jianjun's team extracted the blood samples of the residual bodies and tested the blood type of the residual body, and confirmed that the blood types of the three people were O, B and B, and there was no alcohol or drugs in the blood.
Yan Jianjun (right) at the crash site
However, Korean methodologists were extremely dissatisfied with this and believed that Chinese forensics were "making paste" because according to the documents provided by Korean Air's three crew members on the crashed cargo plane: Captain Hong Xingshi's blood type is O type, co-pilot Park Benxi's blood type is A type, and air mechanic Park Byung-ki's blood type is B type.
comparison means that the co-pilot Park Benxi disappeared out of thin air, and another "co-pilot" with a blood type B blood type appeared. If it is true, this is a big "mistake". There was a fundamental disagreement between the two sides, so that it was difficult for the identification work to continue for a while.
As the leader of the Chinese methodology doctor, Yan Jianjun certainly could not allow Koreans to slander Chinese criminal police and Chinese forensic doctors like this. While showing off to Lee Kwangyong, he said in Chinese: "Are you wrong?"
Lee Kwangyong made a long time to figure out what Yan Jianjun was saying through Chinese characters, and then his face turned red. He was excited to yell in Korean "Jiligua La Simida", and then his assistant wrote it down in Chinese characters. The Chinese method doctor took the Chinese characters with grammatical errors and read them three times before roughly understanding what they mean: "Our airlines have detailed information about the pilot, who flew the plane, what is its name, what is its blood type, what is its teeth condition, what is its hairstyle, how much weight, how much height, everything is written clearly, how can you make a mistake? You will definitely not make a mistake!"
Yan Jianjun answered firmly: "It is absolutely impossible to make a mistake. One O type and two B type, and none of the three pilots has a blood type A type."
Korean forensics were of course dissatisfied and asked them to extract blood samples from the residual limbs for blood type test. As a result, the three blood types were still O, B and B. The Korean forensic doctor was stunned. Lee Kwang-yong still didn't think there was a problem with the pilot's data card of Korean Air. He believed that it might be a "north" agent who approached and killed the real co-pilot Park Ben-seok in some way, and then replaced it, and deliberately created this suicide crash in Shanghai. Or even more exaggerated: this "from the north" person secretly boarded the cargo plane and became the fourth person on the plane, and then took advantage of the plane's violence against three crew members in the air and caused the plane to crash.
Lee Guangyong said he needs to contact the South Korean Consulate in Shanghai to verify with South Korea. So let the blood type matter be put aside for the time being. Instead, we continue to look for the pilot's residual bodies, and then confirm whether there are any scars caused by external blows on them, and also determine the age of these three people.
Soon after, Yan Jianjun and Li Guangyong found a broken limb belonging to the human chest in a farmland. The assistants immediately carefully wrapped it and took it out of the farmland, and held it in front of Yan Jianjun and Li Guangyong. Yan Jianjun squatted down, took out a small scalpel from the box where the tools were stored, skillfully cut a thin piece of the rib cartilage of the residual limb, and then shone it with a flashlight. The whole process only took one minute.
"The owner of this corpse is 34 years old, and there is no difference of one year."
Lee Guangyong looked at Yan Jianjun's actions with a confused look on his face, and he was extremely surprised when he learned what Yan Jianjun meant, because in the files of the three pilots he had at hand, the co-pilot Park Benxi was less than 35 years old, which was exactly among the age group that Yan Jianjun estimated. And if Yan Jianjun's estimate is accurate, then what they thought before was that "a man from the north" impersonating Park Benxi was self-defeating. At this time, the translator arrived late, and the two sides could finally compete with each other without dancing.
"Mr. Yan, how could you (Li Guangyong unconsciously used 'you' in his words) know? You can tell if you cut off a piece of rib cartilage like this? No?"
Yan Jianjun had a natural expression, and then pointed to several other Chinese medicine doctors who appeared on the scene: "My colleagues will analyze rib cartilage and use it to infer the age of the deceased. Now every forensic doctor in Shanghai will do this."
Lee Guangyong still felt incredible, but when Yan Jianjun used the same method to accurately calculate the ages of the other two pilots from the found trunk residues, the incredible turned into stunned, because this was an unheard of age identification method in South Korea.
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Investigation of the Korean methodologist Lee Guangyong (Chinese) and his team
At the case analysis meeting that night, Yan Jianjun represented the Forensic Office of the Criminal Department to meet the Chinese and Korean sides attending the meeting. The leaders and experts reported their forensic investigation conclusions:
1. The remains of the body found on the scene belonged to only three members of the aircraft crew, and there was no fourth person.
2. The pilot had no gunshot wounds, knife wounds, pinching marks and tools, and there was no sign of any struggle.
3. The pilot's blood did not have alcohol and toxic substances.
4. The ages of the three pilots were determined to be 54 years old, 35 years old and 48 years old, which coincided with the pilot's resume archives.
5. Comprehensive analysis of the situations seen in the autopsy, although the co-pilot Park Benxi was Blood type B does not match Park Benxi's blood type A provided by Korean Air, but this identification still believes that the identity of the deceased is the co-pilot Park Benxi.
or above was written into the "Corpse Inspection Report" (99) Shanghai Public Criminal Technique Inspection Document No. 297 of the "Corpse Inspection Report" (99) issued by the Chinese side.
At the same time, trace expert Chen Liankang spoke on behalf of the Criminal Department: a total of 13 samples were extracted from the aircraft wreckage and the pilot's body. After gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy and chemical method inspection, no residual components of the explosives were detected. According to the scattered aircraft wreckage, the items loaded in the aircraft, and the damage of the buildings. The comprehensive analysis of the situation is consistent with the huge impact force formed by the action of the center site to the southeast. It is not caused by the air explosion in the air, nor is it found explosive residues.
Investigation expert hiding the top of buildings near the site
Investigation expert hiding the aircraft engine wreckage hiding the analysis meeting, Dean Li Guangyong sincerely apologized to Yan Jianjun and asked humbly through the translation: "Mr. Yan, how could you have this technology (referring to the rib cartilage age measurement method), which is not in our textbooks. "
Yan Jianjun's apprentice Ma Kaijun rushed to say to the translator: "Please tell Dean Li that this is the 'Yan's rib cartilage theory', which is a unique research discovery of Yan Jianjun's forensic doctor in China. "
Lee Guangyong gave a thumbs up in contempt and sincerely invited Yan Jianjun to give lectures in South Korea.
About April 16, the South Korean Embassy in China sent a note to the special commissioner of the Ministry of Public Security of China, saying that the document that Park Benxi's blood type was type A was wrong. Park Benxi's blood type was verified to be B, and he expressed sincere apology for such omissions in South Korea's work.
Three hours later, the Shanghai Public Security Bureau received a note from Wen Changfu, Consul General of South Korea, with the content as follows:
" Dear Director of the Shanghai Public Security Bureau, regarding the blood type of the co-pilot of Park Benxi, the information provided by us is type A, but the result confirmed with the family is type B. Park Benxi's family member Park Il-seok expressed his agreement with your identity confirmation result. In addition, according to Korean Air's explanation, the blood type (type A) recorded in the information provided to you is not based on actual test results, but based on Park Benxi's own statement, so it should be wrong. We sincerely apologize for this. Please refer to the above content and once again express your sincere thanks for your strong assistance. ——Consulate General of the Republic of Korea in Shanghai, Consul Wenchangfu ”
Chinese forensic doctors’ work in the 4.15 crash in the Xinzhuang of Korean Air.
After two years of investigation by China and South Korea, the crash was caused by the Korean Air pilot misreading the altimeter, but it has nothing to do with Yan Jianjun.
In 2006, Li Changyu, a world-renowned American Chinese judicial appraisal expert and also known as the "Chinese detective", came to Shanghai to visit and specially discussed the details of the on-site investigation of the Korean Air 4.15 Xinzhuang air crash with Yan Jianjun, who had already retreated to the second line. Li Changyu was particularly impressed by Yan Jianjun's original "Yan's Rib Cartilage Theory", saying that "using rib cartilage to judge age proves the important value of rib cartilage when typical samples such as pubic joint surface and teeth are lacking", and expressed his sincere admiration for Yan Jianjun's agile thinking and extraordinary courage on the scene.
Li Changyu
