Focus on women, rural areas, grassroots, and traditional Chinese medicine. The representatives and deputies said health -
To avoid the appearance of the word "late", we have to focus on the word "early"
The picture shows that on February 10, Shuai Xiaoyun, a village doctor in Qituo Village, Apengjiang Town, Qianjiang District, Chongqing, was walking on the way to the villagers' home for medical treatment. Photo by Yang Min (People's Vision)
The picture shows that on February 16, Kangqian Street, Deqing County, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, a "chronic disease service shuttle" drove into Xinqi Village to carry out blood pressure and blood sugar measurement, fundoscopy, lung function screening and other projects for chronic disease patients. Photo by Wang Zheng (People's Vision)
The picture shows that on January 27, medical staff were vaccinating female college students with nine-valent HPV vaccine. Photo by Geng Yuhe (People's Vision)
The picture shows that on February 25, a pharmacist at the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital prepared Chinese medicine based on prescriptions to help prevent and control the epidemic. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Zhipeng
Health is no small matter, everything is related to people's livelihood. At the just-passed National People's Congress and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, representatives and deputies from the field of health actively made suggestions for the construction of a healthy China. Our reporter sorted out some hot topics for readers. Among them, the keyword "early" frequently appears, highlighting the current medical community's attention to early screening and early diagnosis and prevention.
As soon as possible, realize "two cancers" screening full coverage
As two major tumors affecting women's health, breast cancer and cervical cancer are regarded as "beauty killers".
"At present, the incidence of women's 'two cancers' is increasing year by year, and the trend of youth is obvious." , the representative of Wuhan Fourth Hospital , said that doing a good job in screening for "two cancers" is not only to protect women's health, but also to protect the happiness of millions of families.
"Regular screening is an important means to promptly detect tumors, increase cure rates, and reduce mortality." Member Wang Weiming, Vice President of the Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, suggested that the supply of public services and the allocation of public resources should be further optimized, effective health protection should be provided at the national public health level, and the investment in the screening of "two cancers" will be continuously increased, so that more and more women can benefit from it.
HUP Standing Committee HUP Representative Wang Ling, Executive Deputy Director of the Standing Committee of the Hubei Provincial People's Congress, suggested that full coverage of the "two cancers" screening for breast cancer and cervical cancer should be achieved as soon as possible, and all screening for "two cancers" for urban and rural women should be included in medical insurance to ensure that every woman of appropriate age can be screened and treated in a timely manner. "At the same time, innovation and development of screening technology should be strengthened, the application of artificial intelligence, big data and other technologies should be strengthened, and capable scientific research teams should be encouraged to research and treatment key technologies."
Cervical cancer can be effectively prevented through vaccination (HPV vaccine). Since 2020, many places in China have deployed free vaccination for HPV vaccine for women of appropriate age. HPV vaccines are divided into bivalent, tetravalent and nine-valent. Among them, bivalent and tetravalent can cover types 16 and 18 HPV, and these two viruses cause 70% of cervical cancer.
"Analysis from the perspective of public health, there is no significant difference between the bivalent, quadrivalent and nine-valent HPV vaccines in immunogenicity and prevention effects. If the purpose of preventing cervical cancer is to prevent cervical cancer, the bivalent domestic HPV vaccine can fully meet the needs and the cost is reasonable." Representative of Xu Ping , director of the Art Committee Office of Chengdu Classic Hui Culture Technology Co., Ltd. pointed out that the overall vaccination rate of cervical cancer vaccine in China is low. It is recommended to include the bivalent HPV vaccine in the immunization plan, and implement voluntary free vaccination targets with girls aged 13 to 15 years old. The Health Commission, Women's Federation, Education, Finance and other relevant departments jointly formulate implementation plans to popularize vaccination in an orderly manner, so as to benefit all women as soon as possible.
Accelerate the promotion of early diagnosis and treatment of diseases such as cancer, COPD, , and
"What we doctors who do cancer treatment do the least want to see is the word "late". What I want to say to everyone the word "early", because there are too few people doing early screening." said Wang Guiqi, director of the Endoscopy Department of Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, , member of .
"There are no typical symptoms in the early stage of malignant tumors, and there is never a sudden tumor. Its occurrence and development are a slow process of multi-stage."Wang Guiqi introduced that for the high incidence of esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, and colorectal cancer in China, it takes 10 to 15 years to go to the hospital for treatment after normal body to precancerous lesions of , early cancer, and finally to middle- and late-stage tumors with clinical symptoms. "Most people only go to the hospital for treatment after symptoms such as fever, unable to eat, and always feeling uncomfortable. However, once there are obvious symptoms of malignant tumors, many of them are already in the middle and late stages. "
It is gratifying that China's screening and early diagnosis technology has reached the international advanced level. "We can detect early cancer and precancerous lesions, and then use super minimally invasive technology to treat and even cure these diseases while protecting human organs and ensuring the quality of life after surgery. "Wang Guiqi said.
With the support of the major national public health project and the joint efforts of all sectors of society, the rural early diagnosis and treatment project has currently covered 782 counties and districts in 31 provinces and 782 counties and districts across the country. After a large number of grassroots medical personnel have been trained, their ability to screen early diagnosis has been greatly improved.
"In order to avoid the word "late", the whole society must do its best to focus on the word "early". "Wang Guiqi said, "As long as we continue to promote the high-quality development of early diagnosis of rural cancer screening, we will definitely achieve a double reduction in the incidence and mortality rate of major rural malignant tumors. "
At this year's National People's Congress and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Academician Wang Chen, member of the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and Deputy President of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, submitted a proposal for the second time to include COPD in the national basic public health service project . Wang Chen said: "Including COPD in the national basic public health service project is a basic, leading, and twice the result with half the effort. The sufficient conditions and necessary conditions in all aspects have been ripe. "
" should be included in the basic public health service project as soon as possible to improve the whole society's awareness of the disease of COPD, improve the diagnosis and treatment capabilities of COPD in primary medical institutions, achieve early diagnosis and treatment, urge primary medical institutions to equip portable lung function instruments, quickly popularize lung function examination , establish an incentive mechanism for primary doctors to manage patients with COPD, implement full-process management of patients, and achieve standardized treatment and follow-up, thereby improving the prevention, diagnosis and treatment level of COPD and benefiting more patients. "Representative Li Weimin, Dean of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, said.
"Only less than 3% of patients with COPD know that they have COPD, and the public awareness rate of COPD is less than 10%. Most patients have severe or even severe COPD at the time of initial diagnosis, and the risk of disease, difficulty of diagnosis and treatment, and economic burden have been greatly increased. "Li Weimin said that only by not allowing patients to miss the opportunity for early intervention can we improve the unsatisfactory situation of COPD prevention and control.
General practitioners with high training and sufficient training
Growing from a medical student to a qualified doctor generally requires more than 10 years of learning and training and learning throughout the life cycle.
"The direction of training clinical medical talents should be determined by the disease spectrum of the people. Common and frequently occurring diseases need to be diagnosed and treated at the primary level, while complex diseases need to be diagnosed and treated by specialists. " Vice President of the Capital Medical University and Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Member of Wang Songling said that the proportion of doctors in China currently accounts for a lower proportion of general practitioners . The government should play a regulatory role to ensure that the proportion of general practitioners exceeds 50%, and improve the quality of general practitioners working on the front line. Only in this way can we achieve division of responsibilities and establish a tiered diagnosis and treatment system.
In the past two years, Capital Medical Member Wu Hao, dean of the School of General Medicine and Continuing Education of the University of Science and Technology, participated in major community epidemic prevention and control work in 11 provinces. In his opinion, community general practitioners, as the first contact of patients, are the "gatekeepers" of epidemic monitoring and early warning. To consolidate the grassroots health service network, it is necessary to train general practitioners with high levels and sufficient numbers.
"At this stage, the general medicine department of comprehensive hospitals is still facing problems such as short creation time, late start, insufficient manpower, lack of funds, and unclear development path. "Wu Hao suggested that the state can select the general medicine department of some comprehensive hospitals as the national key clinical specialty construction to increase the importance of the whole society on the development of general medicine .
"Attract the best talents to medicine, implement the elite education of senior medical students, and improve the tiered diagnosis and treatment mechanism. Guide the whole society to respect life, respect doctors, and respect medicine." Wang Songling said.
promotes the high-quality development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry
As a product of traditional Chinese medicine keeping pace with the times, Chinese medicine formula granules have gradually been recognized by the market for their advantages such as carrying, storing, and easy to take.
According to the announcement requirements jointly issued by the National Medical Products Administration and other four departments, starting from November 1, 2021, traditional Chinese medicine formula granule production enterprises must implement national standards. If there is no provision in the national standards, provincial drug supervision and administration departments are allowed to formulate standards on their own. After the national drug standard is released, the corresponding provincial standards will be abolished.
Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering Representative Zhang Boli suggested that further increase the efforts to formulate national standards for traditional Chinese medicine formula granules and speed up the filing speed. A batch will be mature and a batch will be promulgated; it is recommended to cancel the formulation and filing of provincial standards for traditional Chinese medicine formula granules to avoid repeated research and waste of social resources. Because provincial standards are only transitional standards, once the new national standards are promulgated, the original provincial standards will be revoked, which adds unnecessary burden to enterprises and also causes waste of early research resources.
From the initial chemicals to Chinese patent medicines, the reform of centralized volume-based procurement has gradually expanded. In December 2021, Hubei took the lead in 19 provinces to form an inter-provincial alliance to carry out centralized procurement of Chinese patent medicines with volume. This is the first centralized procurement of traditional Chinese patent medicine alliance in the country. It is estimated that it can save more than 2.6 billion yuan in drug costs every year.
In the view of representatives of Chenguang Bio-Chairman Lu Qingguo , such centralized procurement will force Chinese patent medicine companies to abandon the original model of focusing on marketing, neglecting scientific research, and neglecting management, and significantly reduce marketing costs. On the premise of ensuring product quality, relying on technological innovation and management improvement to reduce the cost of pharmaceutical processing can only win in the competition.
"Clustered drug procurement can concentrate production capacity to a certain extent, change the current situation of repeated production of multiple enterprises in one variety and small-scale decentralized production, promote manufacturers to choose varieties with their own advantages, concentrate on improving process technology, improve management level, enhance comprehensive competitiveness, and reverse the small, scattered and chaotic situation of my country's Chinese patent medicine industry, which is of great significance to promoting the high-quality development of my country's traditional Chinese medicine industry." Lu Qingguo suggested that the scope of the variety procurement of Chinese patent medicines should be expanded, accelerated the process of centralized procurement of Chinese patent medicines in various places, maximize the centralized procurement of Chinese patent medicines as soon as possible, and promote the high-quality, healthy and sustainable development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry; further optimize the centralized procurement rules of Chinese patent medicines with quantity, technical evaluation and price competition score rules, reduce the weight of technical evaluation, and fully reflect the price advantages on the premise of ensuring the quality of drugs, and achieve the effect of reducing medical insurance costs and achieving scientific and fair competition. (Reporter Wang Meihua)
Source: People's Daily Overseas Edition
