Preface
Wang Li Mr. Wang believes that seven-character is a five-character extension in terms of tone, and in the sense it can also be regarded as a five-character extension. Many seven-character sentences can be shortened to five-character sentences, and there is no big difference in meaning.
We understand it in the opposite direction. Many five-character sentences are added to two words and become seven-character sentences. Of course, this statement cannot be said to be completely correct, but it is helpful for us to learn the seven-character syntax of the ancients. How to add 2 characters to the five-character sentence in
to become a seven-character sentence? Mr. Wang Li said that there are these 7 most common ones.
1. Add 2 characters before the subject as a modifier
0,000 miles - cold light produces snow, three sides - dawn moves dangerous flags. Simplified into five-character sentences: Cold light produces snow, dawn moves dangerous flags. There is no big difference in the sense. The two words in the first part of
are the modifiers of the subject, including thousands of miles and three sides, and the modifiers are: cold light and dawn.
comes from " Wangjimen " by Zuyong :
Yantai is shocked when the guests are watching, and the flute and drums are noisy in the camp.
0,000 miles-cold light produces snow, and three sides-dawn color moves dangerous flags.
The battlefield is full of war, and the clouds and mountains by the sea are Jicheng .
Although I was not a writer at a young age, I still wanted to ask for a long tassel in terms of my merits.
The same is true, the neck couplet can also be analyzed in this way: the battlefield - the beacons are connected to the moon, the seaside - the clouds and mountains are surrounded by Jicheng. The battlefield and the seaside are all directional words, modifying the subject: beacon, clouds and mountains. Therefore, after the neck couplet is simplified, you can also understand the general meaning of the poem: the beacon fire connects the Hu moon, and the clouds and mountains surround Jicheng.
We can shorten the seven-character poem by Zuyong into five-character poems:
When you look at the guests, you are frightened and the noisy Han camp.
Cold light creates snow, and dawn shakes dangerous flags.
The beacons keep Hu Yue, and the clouds and mountains are surrounded by Jicheng.
Although he is not a writer, he still wants to ask for a long tassel.
Although each sentence is reduced by two words, the whole poem can be combined with the title, which can then be understood by the readers.
2. In the couplet of "Wang Jimen" added before
Zu Yong, the battlefield is the battleground, and the moon is connected to the Hu Yue, and the seaside is surrounded by Jicheng. The battlefield and the seaside are directional words. These two orientation words are modified subjects. Although there are also modifiers in
, they may not be modifier subjects. For example:
Pingming - brushing the sword to the sky, and twilight - returning drunk when you are drunk.
Let's look at the poem that is not a modified subject: Pingming - brushing the sword to the sky, and twilight - hanging whip and returning drunk. Pingming and dusk are the words of time, representing the time when the actions of "brushing the sword to the sky, returning drunk when hanging whip". Pingming and dusk are adverbials of time, and they are modified by predicates.
Remove the first 2 words, there is no time sentence, but the main meaning is also expressed:
brushes the sword and goes towards the sky, and returns drunk when you whip.
These two lines of poetry have no subject. The subject is the "general" of the first sentence, which is omitted in the second couplet.
comes from Li Bai "Give to General Guo":
The young general comes out of Wuwei and enters the silver platform to protect Ziwei.
Brushing the sword to the sky, and returning drunk when he droops in the evening.
Beloved son blows in the wind Jade flute , and the beauty dances to the moon and silk clothes.
The past heroic times are like a dream, and we meet each other and want to get drunk on the spring sunshine.
3. The modifiers mentioned in the first two categories are the first two characters, either modifying the subject or modifying the predicate. The third category says that the subject and predicate have modifiers, and of course, they cannot be the first two characters at the same time.
Early geese - First time off - Old pass competition, Autumn wind - First entry - Ancient city. The subject geese and wind have modifiers before it: morning and autumn. Predicate words and words also have modifiers: first, first.
Remove the modifier and it is a five-character sentence:
Yan-Quote-Old Pass, Wind-Enter-Ancient City
Liu Changqing "I heard that there is a substitute in Yu Mianzhou, I will return to the capital, climb the east city of Han to send a gift":
Huainan Shaking the guest's heart and sadness, and the water is filled with resentment and separation.
The early geese bid farewell to the old pass, and the autumn wind first entered the ancient city.
waist seal Jianfanghuang’s gift, revealing his crown and white hair hanging down.
Melancholy and regretful that you will go first, Hanyang Elders remember the flag. It is not appropriate to shorten the poem
to a five-character poem, and the meaning of the missing will be more.
4. The modified
is added to the target language before each verb and the target language. This category is similar to the third category, except that the modified subject is replaced with the object. Predicate and object plus modifier.
Morning Shake-Jade Pendant-Golden Palace, and evening worship-Chen Book-Worship on the Sacred Palace. Morning and evening modify predicates, shaking and offering, and jade and heaven modify object, pendant and book. The subject of these two lines of poetry has been omitted.
is simplified into a five-character poem: Shake the pendant - go to the golden palace, and worship the book - worship the sacred palace.
Wang Wei (Tang Dynasty) " Reward Guo Fushi ":
The cave door is high and the mist is afterglow, and the peaches and plums are shady and willow catkins fly.
The official house was scattered in the ban, and there were few officials in the province who cried in the birds.
In the morning, shaking the jade pendant to the golden palace, and worshiping the heavenly books in the evening.
I want to follow you, but I will be relieved of my court clothes due to illness.
5. Adding adverbs or verbs or predicate forms similar to adverbs
1. Adding them in the previous
seems a bit confusing. Let’s take a look at the ones added in the previous ones:
Fortunately, there is a fragrant tea-remaining child, but it is not enough to bear it-Autumn grass-send the prince to the prince.
can be regarded as a 2-2-3 structure, the upper line can also be regarded as a 4-3 structure, and the lower line can be regarded as a 2-5 structure.
Fortunately, there are anything and nothing that cannot be with it. The whole sentence is a predicate form and a structure of verb-object (object or object clause). Fortunately, no, as an adverb, modify the verb: yes, can. The first couplet of
means affirmation, and the second couplet means negative. If the first 2 words are removed, it will be shortened to five-character:
The fragrant tea leaves the child, and the autumn grass gives it to the prince.
has removed the luck and is unbearable, and it seems that the poet's attitude cannot be seen. However, poets often use images to express emotions, such as fragrant tea must be positive, and autumn grass naturally has some negative emotions, just like the filter added by bbc.
So, it is impossible to say that these two sentences, seven words, are simplified into five words, and it is definitely not good.
comes from Li Jiayou (Tang Dynasty) "A tea banquet on the east peak of Zhaoyin Temple in autumn, sending my younger brother Yan Bo to Jiangzhou":
0,000 new rice fields beside the mountain village, and there are several miles deep pine trees reaching the temple gate.
Fortunately, fragrant tea leaves the child, and the autumn grass is not enough to send it to the prince.
The only thing that can be separated by the dust is to worry about the separation of the dust, and who can bear to say that the well is depressed?
Don’t blame Linqi for crying alone, Wei Shu is partial to his gratitude from outside.
is also like Wang Wei's "The pillar of Datong Palace produces jade zhi, and the dragon pond has a qingyun divine light hall" : How could I know - the jade palace produces three looks, and there are five clouds in the copper pond.
2. Add in the middle
. The wild geese - unbearable - listen in sorrow, clouds and mountains - not only - pass by the guest. Not to mention that, when added to the middle, it is also an adverb + verb. It also expresses the poet's emotions.
can also be tried to remove it and change it to five-character:
Hongyan - Listen in the Soul, Yunshan - Passing by the guest. If
is removed, it will not affect the expression of the poet's emotions. There is emotion in the sorrow and guest. It’s just that the middle two characters are removed in the seven-character poem, and the level and tone are just inconsistent with the rules.
comes from Tang Dynasty Li Qi's " Send Wei Wan to Jing "
Hearing the wanderer sings of separation, and last night the frost first crossed the river.
The wild geese cannot bear the worries and listen to it, the clouds and mountains are like guests.
The color of the trees in the city is getting colder, and the sound of the anvil in the imperial garden is getting late.
Don’t see the joy of Chang’an, as time is easy to waste.
Of course, the whole poem can also be removed from the first 2 characters and changed to a five-character poem:
The wanderer sang the song of separation, and the frost first crossed the river.
can't bear to listen to it in sorrow, let alone being a guest.
The color of the tree is getting colder, and the sound of the anvil is getting late.
Chang'an Where to have fun, time is easy to waste.
The meaning of the second couplet is somewhat changed. What I listen to in my sorrow is not the wild geese, but the song of the wanderer. Time is not clear anymore. However, it can be regarded as a complete five-character regulated verse .
6. The verb with 2 characters in the first, and the sentence form of the last 5 characters is its target language
. This category is somewhat difficult to distinguish from the fifth category first (, how could you know - Yudiansheng Sanxiu ). The first 2 characters are adverbs + verbs, and the last 5 characters are sentence forms of subject-predicate or subject-predicate object structure.
I am alone - a geese fly to the South China Sea, but I envy - Shuangxi flows northward. A geese fly to the South China Sea, and the sentence form of the subject-predicate-object structure is used as the purpose term for "single pity". The whole poem is a predicate form, which is a predicate form and contains sentence form. The function of the first two words
is also to express the poet's emotions.
from Li Bai's "Send to Cui Shiyu":
Wanxi frost at night and listens to the sorrow of apes, and he goes to the country to be like a boat.
I only like a geese flying in the South China Sea, but I envy the flow of Shuangxi River north.
masters repeatedly explain Chen Fan 4 beds, and passers-by are difficult to climb Xie Wan Tower.
Here are the fallen leaves, and they scatter every morning to the autumn pavilion.
7. In front or in the middle, if the adjective or continuous word
is the most famous poems like these two sentences:
Desert - Egrets flying in paddy fields, gloomy - summer wood oriole.
Ye Mengde "Shilin Poetry Talk" says:
The two characters under the poem are extremely difficult. It must be separated from the five and three characters between the seven and five characters, and the spirit and interest can be seen in two words, so that it is a skill. The Tang people said that "the flying egrets in the paddy fields, and the oriole in the summer trees" is a poem by Li Jiayou. It is not true. The benefits of these two sentences are adding the four words "momo" and "yinyin". This is Mojie's enlightenment for Jiayou to see its own wonders. For example, Li Guangbi's general Guo Ziyi's army ordered it one by one, which was several times more exciting.
Ye Mengde said that Wang Wei added 2 characters to Li Jiayou's five-character poem, so he made a little bit of the effect of stone turning into gold.
Ming Gui Tianxiang's "Calling the True Voice of Tang Poems" also evaluated:
"Egrets flying in the paddy fields, and yellow orioles in the summer trees". Everyone can do it. Compared with the four words "demon" and "yin and yin", the poetry is better.
"Egrets flying in paddy fields, yellow oriole in summer trees" can also be written by ordinary people. Adding the four words "demon" and "yin and yin", it is not something that ordinary people can do.
is from Wang Wei's " Rain and Wangchuan Village":
Rain and the forest is late, fireworks are slow, steaming quinoa and cooking millet to feed the east.
Egrets fly in the desert paddy fields, and the orioles are rosy in the summer trees.
Practice in the mountains to observe the morning hibiscus, and tuck the dew sunflower in the pine tree.
The wild old man competed with others for the seat, why did the seagull even more doubt?
Conclusion
or above all 7 types seem to be able to be changed in five-character and seven-character, and the general meaning of the poem remains unchanged.
Shi Zhizhan mentioned the development of five-character poems and seven-character poems in "Tang Poetry Hundred Talks" and said:
The seven-character regulated verse created by Shen Song should be regarded as evolved from Yuefu lyrics , not the addition of five-character regulated verse.
However, if you are familiar with the above sentence patterns, when we create, we might as well try the difference after addition and decrease, which will help you better refine words and sentences.
@old street flavor
