Make a contribution to the house and live a blessing in the house! It is a craftsman in Quanzhou, represented by the three craftsmen of Chongwu in Hui'an (the big carpenter at the bottom of the stream, the stone craftsman in Wufeng, and the official mason in Guanyuan), creating a noble sentiment of a livable hometown.
Hui'an Architect
This is an ancient saying among Quanzhou folk, and it is also the soul of Quanzhou's architectural culture. It is a manifestation of the cultural cultivation of Quanzhou people's "great love spirit and good deeds the world". It inspires Quanzhou people to study hard and build carefully, allowing the general public to live in peace, and fully demonstrates the lofty spirit of the harmonious culture of Chinese architecture.
During the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, professional craftsmen appeared in Hui'an, such as "Five Peaks Stone Carvings, Carpenters at the bottom of the stream, and the official residence of mud tiles". Taiwan’s famous temples such as Taipei Longshan Temple , Xiamen Nanputuo Temple , and Quanzhou Kaiyuan Temple , all of which were rebuilt in Taipei in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, all left behind artistic treasure relics that combine the architectural “big wood” with carving and painting. Wang Yishun's disciples participated in the renovated wood carving components carvings of Jimei Pavilion, renovated Kaiyuan Temple, and renovated Gulangyu Shuzhuang Garden. The architectural decoration of Taipei Longshan Temple is even more a model of wood carving and painting complement each other!
Wufeng Stone Carving
Hui'an Wufeng Village is located in the southeast of Hui'an County . There are five small peaks here. Villagers of Jiang, Zhang, Yang, Cai and other families moved here one after another in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties to form five villages, so they are called Wufeng. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, , the surname Jiang, , was like a star. Wufeng masters Jiang Tong, Jiang Xuexin, Jiang Renwen, Jiang Guoheng, Jiang Shuangjia, Jiang Wenzi, Jiang Jinhui, Jiang Bingding and others formed their own styles in stone carving art. At this time, Hui'an bluestone sculptures represented by dragon pillars, stone lions and character carvings gradually spread all over the country and abroad.
in front of the Martyrs Cemetery in Huanghuagang, Guangzhou,
. For example, Master Jiang Wenzi's main works are: During the Guangxu period, Jiang Wenzi participated in the construction of the Summer Palace and carved flower-carved stone drum chairs and round tables, and was therefore known as the "Crown of Stone Carving". In 1925, he led more than 30 Hui'an stonemasons to build the Nanjing Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, and carved a pair of bluestone tripods with granite in Fujian; a pair of tall and beautiful watches on both sides of the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum Hall; a pair of imitation bronze stone lions with pearls in their mouths were commended by the National Government and the Prime Minister's Cemetery. The octagonal Guanghu Pavilion in the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum was built, as well as the dragon pillar in front of the Huanghuagang Martyrs Cemetery in Guangzhou, the Tieguai Li statue in West Lake in Fuzhou, and the small pillar lion in the Fayu Hall of Yushan.
The stone carving craftsmen in Hui'an began to leave Hui'an. Many stone shops and stone carvings by Hui'an craftsmen in Fuzhou, Xiamen , southern Fujian and even Taiwan Island are located in Fuzhou, Xiamen , and many other places in Fujian. Wufeng Jiang's stone carving craftsman is the leader. There are stone shops in Fuzhou's North Gate, West Gate, East Gate, Longtan Road, , Xiahang Road, West Lake and other places. Among them, the "Jiang Yuancheng" opened on Macau Road is the most famous. There are also stone shops opened by Hui'an craftsmen in Jiaowei, Haicang, Funanqiao, Shanpotou and other places in Xiamen. Among them, the "Jiang Quanji" and the "Jiang Quanyi" also opened branches in Yangon and Penang respectively. After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, many craftsmen went to Taiwan to make a living. Taiwan’s stone carving workshops are indispensable for Wufeng Jiang’s craftsmen, so the saying “no Chiang can’t be a place without Chiang” is popular on .
Taiwan Longshan Temple
Hui'an stone carving craftsman represented by Wufeng Jiang's surnamed stone carving craftsmen are well-known at home and abroad, and have made great contributions to the Hui'an stone carving industry. At that time. A pair of stone lions in front of Chongwu City God; three pairs of dragon pillars in Shage Palace in Nanpu; bluestone dragon pillars in Dongyue Temple and Chengguan West Gate and Longquan Palace ; stone windows, dragon pillars, and flower and bird pillars in Longshan Temple in Taiwan; two pairs of dragon pillars in Yushan Baita Temple in Fuzhou; the "Shi Gong Case" story carved on the stone yard beside the Emperor's Temple in Haicang, Xiamen; two "Four-Disfied Elephants" in Chenlin Village; the two "Four-Disfied Elephants" in the four-legged stone yard outside Xianyou City; and other famous stone carvings such as the flowers and stone blocks in the four-legged stone yard outside Xianyou City have made temples and houses in and outside the province have a lot of colors. Hui'an stone carving skills during this period have been perfect, and even the difference between male and female of the dragon pillar can be distinguished by the sound.
Today, Hui'an's stone carving technology has become more sophisticated, with many talents, and excellent works are everywhere at home and abroad.
Current Carpenter
There is a saying in Taiwan that is called "No Chiang can do it" , which refers to the beautiful name of the stone carving master named Jiang in the Taiwan architectural circle. In fact, there is still the second half of the sentence "No king will occupy the market"!
The "spider web" caisson on the stage of Dongyue Temple is as gorgeous as a kaleidoscope
The Wang family of Xidi Village, a hundred years ago, has been passed down from generation to generation by wood carving technology, and has traveled around the world to build temples and mansions, and has made a name for themselves and played crystal cards. In the ninth year of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty (1829), the craftsman of Xidi built Lugang Longshan Temple. Wang Xin, a 14th generation villager, also built the Longshan Temple in Anhai, Jinjiang. The carpenters in Xidi Village are called "Xidi School" by the outside world for their unique and distinctive Minnan architectural style.
For example, Wang Yishun, the first carpenter in Fujian-Taiwan temple construction, was called . ". Wang Yishun, who participated in the construction of the largest temple in Quanzhou - Quanzhou Kaiyuan Temple, the Dongyue Temple in Houlong Fengwei, northern Hui'an (now Fengwei Town, Quangang District), the mansion of the Fengwei Prisoner Liu Shiqiu (named Deru and nicknamed Zuoxi), the city god temple in Hsinchu, Taiwan, Menglongshan Temple in Taipei, Nankun Datian Mansion, etc., five representative main buildings, including the Great Compassion Hall of Nanputuo Temple in Xiamen, etc.
is called "the master of Xidi Sect from Quanzhou to Taiwan" by Taiwanese people. It is ranked "Three Masters of Taiwan Temple Architecture" , along with Chen Yingbin, who is native to Taiwan and Ye Jinwan, a native of Bade of Taoyuan, who is from Zhangzhou .
Miaoyinbird sculpture in Kaiyuan Temple Main Hall
After the founding of New China, A group of famous wood carving craftsmen emerged in Hui'an. Since the 1960s, Hui'an wood carvings "Blowing Xiao Guifeng" and "Yue Fei's Birth" have been selected to be displayed in the National Arts and Crafts Exhibition and Italy and other countries. A new era has begun after the 1980s. Hui'an wood carvings are increasingly showing their extraordinary style of the great masters. They are abandoning the narrow and conservative traditions of family workshops and climbing into the sacred art hall with extraordinary momentum, and have been fully affirmed and respected by Chinese sculpture art experts. A large number of modern wood carving works that can win the title of China have been published, such as "Care", "Dare to Ask Where is the Road", "Single Swordsman", Zheng Guoming's "A Thousand Years of Bath", "Silent Love", Sun Wenhong's "Perseverance", "Happy Self-Enjoyment" and Liu Qunwei's "Little Hai Playing with Toads". The authors of these works are all masters of wood carving craftsmanship with unique skills.
Official residence mud tiles
Since there is very little information about the tiles circulating by famous bricklayers, I can only explain it here. But what kind of buildings in southern Fujian and other places lack the wisdom and sweat of masons!
The Guanzhu Village in the north and Xipu Village in the south are combined into Longxi Village, an administrative village belonging to Chongwu Town . Longxi Village is the throat of the traffic from the county town to Chongwu, and is the only smallest town that is not near the sea. It is only 300 meters away from Hui'an Chongwu Highway. Very convenient transportation.
Minnan folk architecture
The official resides in the Ming Dynasty, Liu Yan, a tribute scholar, who was recorded as a military official, and the details were not examined. An ancestor originally lived on the south side of Luoyang Bridge (now part of Luojiang District) and was guarded by Chongwu in the Ming Dynasty. He was stationed next to the official road and settled in the village of Guanyuan. A family of ancestors came to Dagang from Wuliu Village (now part of Dongling Town, Dongling Town) in the early Ming Dynasty to catch fish and settled in Xidi Village. Another ancestor was originally investigated by Luoyang Bridge and moved to Xipu Village in the middle of the Ming Dynasty. In July 2015, the "Chinese Dream·Labor Beauty" Fujian Construction Industry "Co-rebellion Cup" Ancient Building Mason's Job Skills Competition was held, hosted by the Fujian Provincial Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the Fujian Federation of Trade Unions, which is conducive to displaying the superb skills of ancient building mason craftsmen, further improving the skill level of job operators in the ancient building industry, inheriting traditional construction craftsmanship, strengthening technical exchanges, and promoting the construction of a skilled talent team. Quanzhou's architecture carries a rich historical culture, embodies people's thoughts and feelings, and reflects the relationship between people, people and society, and people and nature. History is the root, culture is the soul. The buildings that contain cultural essence, energy and spirit in each place will inevitably become the solidified soul of the hometown in the local area. In recent years, architectural masters such as Hui'an sculpture art have emerged continuously, contributing to the creation of unique architectural artistic beauty! Let's pay tribute to them! [Xiaoyu.com comprehensively compiled from the Internet]
