Xinhua News Agency Nanjing, May 20th Question: This "heart-to-heart" golden hairpin is a love token of Sun Ce and Daqiao ?
Xinhua News Agency reporters Zhai Xiang and Zhu Xiao
On a beautiful bird's head, two birds have short beaks connected, under their spread wings, surrounded by feathers. The most unique thing is that the head and neck of the birds are bent, forming the shape of the heart.
This "Heart-Bit" gold hairpin displayed in Suzhou Museum West Hall was 25 cm long and weighed 25.5 grams. It was unearthed in 2017 at the large-scale Dongwu family tomb on Huqiu Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu. He Yunao, a professor of the History Department of Nanjing University, believes that it is the most exquisite Soochow goldware discovered so far, representing the exquisite production level of goldware from the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Three Kingdoms period.
Who did the bird's head and golden hairpin have for? Who is it worn for? What kind of story have you ever witnessed? Experts believe that it may be related to Sun Ce and Da Qiao.
Bird head and golden hairpin. Arterial shadow provides
pairs of birds form the love in modern human perception, perhaps a coincidence. Gold ornaments and rings in the shape of winged birds, cross-necked birds, boys, etc. were also unearthed in this family tomb, all of which are metaphors for romance and affection. The gentleness remains the same after a thousand years, stunning today's time.
In 194 AD, Sun Ce, who was 19 years old at the time, defected to Yuan Shu . Yuan Shu, who was usually arrogant and mean, appreciated this young man who was wise and brave, was very proud and rude, and sighed that "If you have a son like a grandson, how can you hate him after death?"
historical records show that Sun Ce "beautiful looks and funny words", with a broad temperament, knowing others and being good at responsibilities. Zhou Yu is the same year as Sun Ce. The two fell in love with each other at first sight and were like brothers. In 195 AD, Sun Ce started his foundation in Jiangdong, and Zhou Yu raised an army to respond and helped Sun Ce expand his power.
In the fourth year of Jian'an, the two met " Qiaogong two girls" in Wan County (called "Bridge" in "The Three Kingdoms"). Sun Ce married Da Qiao and Zhou Yu married Xiao Qiao.
Historical materials about Erqiao have only a few words. "The Three Kingdoms" says that they are "all of them are national colors", and "HTM1 Jiangbiao Chuan " records that their beauty is "displaced".
The hazy beauty in historical materials inspired later generations to interpret many moving legends of heroic beauties. Su Dongpo wrote enviously: "I remember Gongjin back then, Xiao Qiao was married, and her heroic figure was very heroic."
The gold winged bird, cross-necked bird, tiger-shaped ornaments and rings unearthed from the Dongwu family tomb on Huqiu Road, Suzhou. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhai Xiang
However, this marriage that has become a good story did not last long, and Sun Ce was assassinated the following year. Where is Sun Ce buried? How Da Qiao lives behind Sun Ce? There is no more historical information about historical records.
Hangzhou, Zhenjiang , Suzhou and other places have rumors about Sun Ce's tomb . There are traces in ancient documents where the truth is true, but the records in Suzhou are more reliable.
According to the "Selected Works of the Southern Dynasty", at the time of the Western Jin Dynasty, the Wu County Chief Xie Xun submitted a letter to the Jin court, saying that the Sun Ce cemetery had been destroyed by the firewood collector, and requested five people to guard it, which was approved. Wu County was the early Eastern Wu governor of all directions, and it is today's Suzhou.
1800 years of history, the protection of the Western Jin Dynasty only takes a moment.
Hundreds of years later, in the works of the Tang Dynasty poet Luo Yin and the Song Dynasty poet Fan Chengda , the tomb of Sun Ce, located in Suzhou, became a deserted hill with a shepherd boy playing the flute on it.
Since then, the specific location of Sun Ce’s tomb has disappeared from people’s sight.
In 2016, during the construction of a community in Huqiu Road, Suzhou, an ancient tomb was found hidden under an 11-meter-high mound in the community. From July 2016 to April 2018, Suzhou Archaeology Institute discovered 9 ancient tombs from different periods, 4 of which belong to the same family of Dongwu.
Zhang Tiejun, a research librarian at the Suzhou Archaeology Institute who was in charge of the excavation, introduced that there are dozens of inscription bricks with the words " Wuhou " and a "Jianxing Second Year" in Tomb No. 5. Based on this time point and the experience of those who have won the title of "Wuhou" in history books, it is inferred that the owner of Tomb No. 5 is Sun Ce's son Sun Shao . According to this information, the largest and most noble tomb owner of Tomb No. 1 in the family tomb may be Sun Ce.
Tomb No. 1 in archaeological excavation.Photo provided by Suzhou Archaeology Research Institute
Zhang Tiejun said that the tombstones collected at the archaeological site in the Southern Song Dynasty called the mound "Wu Tianzhidun", which further provided a reference for determining the identity of the owner of Tomb No. 1.
Tomb No. 1, which has the early style of Dongwu, has a residual length of 9 meters, a tomb chamber with a residual height of 14.2 meters, a residual height of 4.2 meters, and an area of about 60 square meters. The tomb chamber has front, back chambers and two ear chambers, which have been stolen many times.
"From the shape and unearthed items of Tomb No. 1, it has met the imperial standards at that time." He Yunao believes.
Tomb No. 2, which is adjacent to Tomb No. 1, is speculated to be the place where the concubine is buried. There is only one tooth left in the remains of the bone. After identification, the age is not over 25 years old. The bricks of tomb No. 1 and No. 2 are the same in size, the masonry method is similar, and the styles of some unearthed artifacts are exactly the same.
This reminds people of the records in the Qing Dynasty Xue Fucheng notes. After Sun Ce suddenly passed away, Da Qiao also passed away after crying sadly for several months. Whether Xue Fucheng’s notes originate from rigorous verification or from romantic imagination is still difficult to confirm. However, archaeological evidence of the two tomb constructions and the close burial time of the tomb owner did give modern people room to imagine. A total of 83 cultural relics were unearthed from Tomb No.
2, including bronze daily necessities such as inkstone drips , incense, irons, etc., including celadon ear cups, silver tableware, silver gilded bronze frames and gilded Wuzhu coins, as well as exquisitely crafted gold rings, bracelets, hairpins and amber string decorations, as well as vivid dragon-headed gold hairpin and this "heart-big" bird-headed gold hairpin.
Dragon head, bird head and golden hairpin. Artery film provided by
During the Eastern Han Dynasty, smooth plain round rings began to become popular in the Central Plains. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, rings gradually became love-giving things for men and women, but gold rings were extremely rare.
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"The frames in the Han and Wei dynasties were rare. This frame with a royal level and a gorgeous decoration may be the only one in the country." Lin Liugen, former director of the Jiangsu Provincial Institute of Archaeology, who has experienced the entire process of frame restoration, believes.
Silver gilded bronze frame has been polished for thousands of years, and the dragon scales are still shining with golden light. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhai Xiang
25 years old, too short. The exquisite workmanship and beautiful meaning of the items in the tomb seem to tell the story of this young and beautiful woman who is favored by life and loved by lovers.
Zhang Tiejun, who once took out gold ornaments such as bird's head, gold hairpins, from broken bricks and loess with his own hands, said that these are likely to be related to Sun Ce and Da Qiao. He sighed: "They reflect the tomb owner's expectations for a better relationship in the midst of the conflicts and wars on the eve of the Three Kingdoms." More than 800 years of time passed by, and many of his and her past events have been quietly hidden by the years. However, the two birds with hairpins still shine brightly, commemorating the gentle and affection between them, allowing this romance to last forever and immortal.
