. Job responsibilities of the Agriculture and Grain Department
Agriculture and Grain Policies, Regulations, Plans, and Plans.
Planning and supervision matters for improvement in crop production, professional zones and production and sales stability measures.
collection, analysis, prediction and reporting of agricultural and grain industry information.
Planning and supervision matters for natural disaster relief, pollution treatment cooperation and general pest control in the agricultural and grain industry.
Agricultural and grain product trading system and market management guidance and supervision matters.
Planning, coordination and supervision of advocacy and promotions within and outside the agricultural product area.
R&D matters in crop production, transportation and sales and processing technology.
Tutoring and supervision matters for processing agricultural and grain products.
Planning, execution and supervision of pesticides, fertilizers, seedlings and agricultural machinery inspection business.
Formulation, implementation and supervision of grain management business and rice grading inspection system.
The formulation, implementation and supervision of grain purchase, storage and transportation, milling and allocation plans.
Formulation, implementation and supervision of fertilizer purchase, sales, storage and transportation plans.
Agricultural and grain production and sales organization counseling, information dissemination and farmers' education matters.
Other matters related to the agricultural and grain industry.
2. Vision of the Agriculture and Food Administration
Under the goals and concepts of "health, efficiency, and sustainable management" for the whole people's agriculture, it accelerates the promotion of three key tasks, including "industrial structure adjustment, accelerates transformation and upgrading", "develop safe agriculture, ensures consumption safety" and "stabilizes agricultural prices and protects farmers' income"; cooperates with the Committee of Agriculture to continuously promote the improvement of industry, scale and human resources structure, combines first, second and third-level industries, innovates agricultural governance, builds a crop health management model, builds a safe agricultural product system for consumers' safety, and promotes the adjustment of the farming system to revitalize the farmland and develops value-added marketing, builds an intelligent modern agricultural product market trading system, develops scientific and technological innovation, expands value-added services, and builds a young, vibrant, highly competitive and stable income happy agriculture, so that Taiwan's agriculture is not only a localized life industry, but also a global green gold industry.
3. Taiwan’s agricultural and grain industry environment
Taiwan is located in the subtropical . It is hot and rainy in summer and autumn, dry and rainy in winter and spring, and the cultivated land area is about 799,000 hectares. The crop planting area is 834,000 hectares and the output is 6.867,000 metric tons. Among them, rice is 271,000 hectares and the output is 1.732,000 metric tons, 70,000 hectares of miscellaneous grains and 492,000 metric tons, special crops are 32,000 hectares and 600,000 metric tons, 185,000 hectares of fruit trees and 2.7 million metric tons, 146,000 hectares of vegetables and 2.823,000 hectares of flowers, 13,000 hectares of forage, 15,000 hectares of grass and 944,000 metric tons. In 2014, the trade value of agricultural and grain products was US$11.17 billion, an increase of 2.7% from US$10.88 billion in 2013, of which the import value was US$9.21 billion, an increase of 1.9% from 2013. The main imported products were cereals and their products, oil seeds and powder, fruits, nuts and their products, vegetables and their products, etc.; the export value was US$1.96 billion, an increase of 6.5% from 2013. The main export projects include cereals and their products, fruits, nuts and their products, flowers and their seedlings, vegetables and their products, etc.
4. Current status of the agricultural and grain industry
4.1, Rice
Rice is the main crop and grain in Taiwan. It can produce two phases of crops a year. The average cultivation area in the past three years (2012-2014) is about 267,000 hectares. Rice crop types include glutinous rice, indica and glutinous rice, with glutinous rice mainly accounting for about 92%. cultivation areas are spread all over Taiwan, concentrated in the Changyun area on both sides of the shores of Zhuoshuixi, , and Huadong Long Valley. The number of rice-planting households is about 240,000, accounting for about 30% of the total number of farmers. The area of rice-planting area for each household is about 0.6 hectares on average. The rice is sufficient for the region, with an annual output of about 1.348 million metric tons of brown rice; the annual output value is about 37.9 billion yuan, accounting for about 8% of Taiwan's GDP. In 2002, Taiwan opened up rice imports after joining the World Trade Organization, with an annual import volume of about 140,000 metric tons of brown rice. The import countries are mainly the United States, Vietnam, Thailand and Australia; the annual export volume is about 3,000 metric tons of brown rice, and the export areas are mainly the Hong Kong, mainland China, Australia, and Singapore .
4.2, fruit tree
fruit tree production area is about 185,000 hectares, with a production capacity of about 2.7 million metric tons, and a output value of about 91.8 billion yuan. The types cover a variety of fruits such as tropical, subtropical and temperate zones. Among them, banana, pineapple, papaya, guava, grapes, wax and lemon can be produced for the year by using variety characteristics and production period adjustment technology. Taiwan's fresh fruit exports have grown steadily, with annual sales of about 72,000 metric tons and export value of about 122,26 million US dollars. The main products of are pineapple Saga, banana, mango, pineapple and guava. Exporting countries have been dominated by Japan in the past. With the rapid development of mainland China's economy and the significant shortening of cross-strait direct flights, the quality of fruit arrivals has improved. In recent years, the proportion of exports to mainland China has gradually increased, and has become the largest external sales market for fruits in our province. In addition, the import volume of fruits is about 300,000 metric tons and the import value is US$61.8 million, mainly temperate fruits, such as apples, kiwis, grapes, peaches, cherries, plums, etc., complement each other with the fruit species in Taiwan.
4.3, vegetable
Vegetable cultivation area is 146,000 hectares, with a total output of 2.82 million metric tons, and an output value of 72 billion yuan. The production types cover more than 100 species such as root vegetables, stem vegetables, onions, cauliflower, leafy vegetables, fruits and vegetables, and mushrooms. However, the cultivation scale of a single vegetable is not large, and the production area is mainly concentrated in the central and southern regions, and the production period is mainly in the autumn and winter seasons. In order to respond to climate change, stabilize vegetable supply and enhance industrial competitiveness, promote the cultivation of Wimbledon Room facilities, reduce disaster damage risks, and facilitate production period adjustment, abundant and diversified supply and enhance economic value. At the same time, we will guide edamame, carrot, and lettuce with export competitiveness to set up group production areas to improve operational efficiency through large-scale production, and can replace some of the planting area of bulk vegetables in winter to promote production and sales balance. The vegetable industry has been upgraded and transformed into a modern industry with diversified varieties, intensive technology and refined operations. In recent years, exported vegetables have reached 69,000 metric tons, with an export value of more than 3 billion yuan; the import volume is about 403,000 metric tons, with an import value of nearly 9.4 billion yuan, mainly for processing potatoes, cabbage, onions, etc., mainly for processing markets and complementary use in the typhoon disaster season.
4.4, flower
Flower planting area is 13,000 hectares, of which nurseries account for 63%, cut flowers 25%, and potted flowers 12%, with an output value of about 16.5 billion yuan. The domestic and foreign sales ratio of the flower industry is about 2:1. Domestic sales are mainly sold through auction markets, retail and green beautification engineering channels; the main export products are orchid , platycodon, malabarli, flamingo flower , etc., with an annual export volume of 38,580 metric tons and an export value of 5.7 billion yuan. The main export markets are the United States, Japan and the Netherlands and other countries. Taiwan is located in the subtropical region, and its climate is suitable for flower production. With the advanced breeding, cultivation and storage and transportation technology, it is also close to Japan, the world's third largest flower consumer market. It has a deep advantage in developing the flower export industry. In recent years, flower cultivation has mainly exported high unit price and emerging flowers, such as orchids, Malabaria, platycodon, flamingo, lilies, etc., which has gradually replaced the original low-unit export items such as chrysanthemum, gladiolus, night-like fragrance, Dali flower, etc. It is also integrated into the group's production area through guidance, promoting facility cultivation and production period adjustment, establishing a new variety demonstration mass production system and other measures to build a stable flower supply chain.
4.5, miscellaneous grains and special crops
Taiwan has a special crop area of about 102,000 hectares, a total output of more than 1.09 million metric tons, and a output value of about 25.2 billion yuan. The relevant important items include peanuts, red beans, sweet beans, hard corn, edible corn, soybeans, wheat, flax, fairy grass, tea and coffee, etc. Because Taiwan has many special crops for special crops for miscellaneous grains, the cultivation scale is small, and most products must be marketed through a certain processing process, the relevant production and processing costs are generally higher than those for imported products outside the region. The raw materials for special crops for miscellaneous grains required in Taiwan are mainly imported from outside the region, with an annual import volume of about 8 million metric tons, and the production volume in Taiwan is obviously insufficient.In order to improve the grain self-sufficiency rate in Taiwan and revitalize fallow farmland, soybeans, wheat and hard corn have been listed as imported substitute crops for activated cultivated land. Towards the construction of large-scale, automated, and mechanized cultivation management and processing production models, through the establishment of market diversion measures such as product traceability systems and geographical markers, we will shape the local, fresh, non-basic reform and other health advantages of regional grain special products, supply domestic demand markets or specific consumer groups, and develop small and beautiful grain special products in Taiwan.
4.6, seedlings
Plant seedlings are capital, technology and labor-intensive industries, with an annual output value of more than 8.2 billion yuan; among them, agronomics and special crops account for 36%, and horticultural seedlings account for about 64% (including 30% flowers, 22% vegetables, and 12% fruit trees). In 2010, the seed export volume was 519 metric tons, with the largest number of vegetables being 327 metric tons; the export volume of bulbs and seedlings was 2,228 metric tons, with orchid seedlings being 1,797 metric tons. In order to maintain the quality of the market circulating seeds (seedlings) to provide excellent seedlings, actively inspect the commercially available seeds and papaya seedlings and conduct regional rice and miscellaneous grain breeding inspections to ensure the genetic characteristics and seedling quality of the excellent varieties. Through the application of scientific and technological research and development results, we will actively develop competitive vegetable hybrid seeds and grafted seeds to expand the domestic and foreign sales market. In addition, in order to protect the rights of breeders and to connect with the protection and integration of new plant varieties in international plants, we will strengthen the management of plant varieties rights to encourage the research and development of new plant varieties and introduce excellent new varieties outside the region to enhance industrial competitiveness.
