Recently, the weather has been hot and cold, and the flu virus has become increasingly stubborn, which has led to more and more adults and children being caught.
Autumn and winter are the high-incidence seasons of influenza . High-risk groups such as pregnant women, infants, the elderly and patients with chronic underlying diseases have a higher risk of serious diseases and death after suffering from influenza. Especially the epidemic situation of the new crown pneumonia epidemic is still continuing. This winter and next spring, the risk of the epidemic of new crown , , and respiratory infectious diseases such as influenza still exists. Influenza vaccination is the most effective means to prevent influenza, which can reduce the harm caused by influenza-related diseases and the occupation of medical resources.
01
What is the difference between influenza and common cold?
Common colds are often caused by cold or respiratory diseases caused by pathogens such as rhinovirus , coronavirus, bacteria, etc., which are not highly contagious, have mild symptoms and are self-limiting.
Influenza is a respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza viruses that are more harmful to human health. The antigenicity of the influenza virus is variable and spreads rapidly. It can be contagious in places where people gather, such as schools, childcare institutions and nursing homes. The symptoms are mainly fever, headache, myalgia and general discomfort. The body temperature can reach 39-40℃. It is often accompanied by systemic symptoms such as soreness, fatigue, and loss of appetite. It often contains sore throat , dry cough, runny nose, chest discomfort, and nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and other gastrointestinal symptoms.
02
What types of influenza vaccines are there in my country?
The influenza vaccines approved for marketing in my country include trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV3), four
inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV4) and trivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV3). The trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV3) includes lysis vaccine and subunit vaccine. The quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV4) is a lysis vaccine, and the trivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV3) is an attenuated vaccine. Influenza vaccine is a non-immune program vaccine in my country, and residents are voluntarily vaccinated.
03
Who needs to get the flu vaccine?
Generally speaking, it is recommended that all people who are willing to receive influenza vaccination at age ≥6 months and have no contraindications should be vaccinated every year. Especially for the following groups, vaccination is recommended:
First, medical staff, including clinical treatment personnel, public health personnel, health quarantine personnel, etc.; second, participants and security personnel in large-scale events; third, vulnerable groups and employees in nursing homes, long-term care institutions, welfare homes and other groups gathering places; fourth, people in key places, such as teachers and students from childcare institutions, primary and secondary schools, detainees and staff in prison institutions, etc.; fifth, other high-risk groups in flu, including home-risk elderly people aged 60 and above, children aged 6 months to 5 years, chronic diseases, family members and caregivers of babies under 6 months of age, and pregnant women.
04
How many doses do I need to receive influenza vaccine?
The instructions for different influenza vaccines in China are slightly different. For details, you can follow the immunization procedures in accordance with the instructions or follow the recommended procedures of the "Technical Guidelines for the Prevention of Influenza Vaccine in China".
1. Inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV)
html Children aged 6 months to 8 years old who receive influenza vaccine for the first time should be vaccinated 2 doses, with an interval of ≥4 weeks; children who have received one dose or more influenza vaccine in 2021-2022 or before must receive one dose; children aged 9 and above and adults only need to receive one dose.2. Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine (LAIV)
No matter whether you have received the influenza vaccine or not, you will only receive one dose.
05
When should the influenza vaccine be vaccinated every year?
Usually, after 2-4 weeks of influenza vaccine, antibodies with protective levels can be produced. After 6-8 months, antibody titer begins to decay. The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention "Technical Guidelines for Vaccination (2020-2021)" recommends: It is best to complete the vaccination before the end of October. Immunization services can be provided throughout the epidemic season for uninoculated subjects before the end of October.
06
Where can I get the flu vaccine?
can be vaccinated with influenza vaccine at the community health service center , or the health center vaccination clinic.
Reprinted from丨Shijiazhuang City Disease Control
Source: Shijiazhuang Radio and Television Station
