Today we will talk about the topic of hybrid system architecture, which is the hybrid structure of P0 to P4, which many people often say,
hybrid architecture
P (position) represents the position of the motor. The smaller the number in the previous one, it can be understood as the closer to the engine
P0 is to replace the original inverter with a high-power BSG motor
P0 The motor drives the motor to generate electricity through a belt, with the purpose of providing electricity to air conditioners and on-board electrical appliances
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 P1 installs the ISG motor at the position of the engine flywheel . The engine crankshaft becomes the rotor of the motor, supporting engine start-stop, energy recovery and power generation
Whether it is P0 or P1, it can only achieve weak hybrid . The motor is mainly used to recycle the engine's energy and cannot drive the car separately
P2 inserts 2 clutches and 1 motor between the engine and the gearbox. The motor is located at the input shaft of the gearbox, which can cut off the engine's power output and realize the motor driving
P3 is to place the motor at the end of the transmission , share the output shaft with the engine, have more efficient electric drive effect and energy recovery
P4 is to place the motor at the rear axle , separate from the engine's drive shaft, so that four-wheel drive mode can be realized
There is also a structure that puts the motor on the transmission or integrates into the inside of the transmission, which is called P2.5
Hybrid DHTh
Next, let’s talk about hybrid special transmissions. Since the motor supports frequency conversion and voltage transformation, pure electric models do not need the transmission
. The transmission of hybrid models is mainly used to amplify torque when starting, and does not require the subsequent transmission mechanism . Therefore, engineers removed most of the transmission gears in the traditional transmission to form a relatively simple reduction gear. Then, combined with the transmission shaft, clutch, generator, and drive motor, they formed a hybrid transmission, which is generally collectively called DHTh
Toyota THS
The earliest one is Toyota's THS. It adopts the P1+P3 architecture. P1 is mainly used to generate electricity. P3 is used to drive the wheels
The core technology is to realize the power shunt through the planetary gear. After the power output by the engine is divided into two
, one stream is directly transmitted to the output shaft. The other stream is generated by the P1 generator and then transferred to the P3 drive the motor, then convert the electric energy into mechanical energy, merge it to the output shaft, and through the reduction gear, it is finally output to the wheels
, so that the engine and the motor cooperate with each other and jointly drive the car forward. Toyota named this gear shifting mechanism E-CVT, which is completely different from ordinary CVT
Honda i-MMD
and Honda's i-MMD hybrid is also a hybrid architecture of P1+P3 and is also equipped with E-CVT. However, Honda added the engine direct-connected clutch
When cruising at high speed, it directly connects the engine output shaft to the wheels to realize the engine direct drive mode. Under low speed driving, the clutch is disconnected and uses pure electric drive. It belongs to a series structure
. Toyota's engine and electric motor always maintain parallel working together, which is also the most essential difference between THS and i-MMD
How to break through domestic hybrid?
In addition to Toyota and Honda, the hybrid technology of independent brands has also made rapid progress in recent years. The most representative ones are BYD's DM system, Great Wall's Lemon Hybrid and Chery's Kunpeng Power
BYD DM technology
BYD's DM3.0 architecture is divided into three types: the front driving force of P0+P3, the dual-engine four-wheel drive of P0+P4, and the three-engine four-wheel drive of P0+P3+P4
DM-p belongs to P0+P4, and DM-i belongs to P1+P3, one focuses on sports performance, the other focuses on energy-saving and efficient
DM-p
BYD's hybrid special transmission is called EHS electric mixing system. Through this system, it can realize 5 working modes: pure electric, series, parallel, capability recovery, and direct engine drive
paired with BYD's Xiaoyun high-efficiency engine, making BYD's plug-in hybrid system at the top.
Great Wall Lemon Hybrid
Great Wall Lemon Hybrid is very similar to Honda, and it is also P1+P3, and it also has an engine direct drive clutch. Honda's i-MMD only has 1st gear direct drive, which is about 6th gears
, while Great Wall realizes 2nd gear direct drive, corresponding to 3rd gear and 5th gear . The biggest advantage is that at low speed, you can also enter the parallel mode to form a similar effect to Toyota hybrid, allowing the three major power systems to drive the car together
Chery Kunpeng & Geely Thunder God
Chery's Kunpeng power and Geely's Thor hybrid have realized the three-speed direct drive mode , perfectly integrating dual-clutch technology with hybrid motor
summary
Many people say that there are only two types of hybrids in the world, one is Toyota and the other is the others. But in my opinion, Toyota's THS and E-CVT technologies are very mature, , but they are definitely "over-mythical"
With the technological progress of independent brands, in terms of hybrid technology, it does not mean that it surpasses Toyota Honda, but it is definitely able to be on par with
