903 August 13, San Francisco is busy in dusk. For Americans, this is another ordinary day that is about to pass.
However, for Chinese people, this day is destined to be extraordinary.
Army Military Attendant Tan Jinyong, who was ordered by the envoy to come from Washington to San Francisco to handle diplomatic affairs. After the matter was finished, he walked alone on a bridge.
When a local American policeman passed by Tan Jinyong, he saw him with long braids. He knew that he was Chinese, so he stopped and spoke rude to Tan Jinyong : "Chinese, yellow pig! " also raised his hand and lifted his hat, pointed at his braid and cursed: "Haha, long braids, pig tail!"
Tan Jinyong suppressed his anger, picked up his hat and put it on again, and said in English: "Please respect yourself, Chinese people are also human beings!"
But this compromise obviously did not work, but instead attracted more rude treatment -
The policeman howled and slapped Tan Jinyong in the face, which escalated the conflict between the two sides, and Tan Jinyong and the police fought together.
The police blew the sirens in a panic, summoned several patrol officers, subdued Tan Jinyong, beat him up and dragged him under the bridge, and tied his braids to the fence to show their public.
He was handcuffed that night and taken to San Francisco Police Department .
Fortunately, local overseas Chinese businessmen gathered together to raise some money, and then they guaranteed Tan Jinyong from the police station.
Tan Jinyong's dignity was so trampled on, and he felt that he had no face to see his wife, children, and his hometown elders again. He finally walked onto the bridge in San Francisco and jumped down. used his life to record this heavy and humiliating page in the history of modern Chinese diplomacy.
It’s a pity that the humiliation that Tan Jinyong suffered is not an isolated case, and his death did not make any substantial changes to the inherent cognition in Western people’s thoughts.
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The book is called "The Mystery of Fu Manchu" . It was also from this year that all the elderly, young, women and children in Western countries remember a name - Fu Manchu.
And the character Fu Manchu has been for more than a hundred years and has experienced four stages of "thriving" development, which has become a great humiliation imposed on the Chinese.
1, Phase 1: The birth of Fu Manchu
883, Sax Rumer was born in the industrial city of England Birmingham A family of ordinary workers, whose real name is Arthur Henry Ward.
Rumo has a good time in writing, but because his mother is addicted to alcohol and he spends money himself. In addition, the failure of multiple investments, he spent most of his life on poverty.
Once, Rumo accepted a commission from a newspaper and went to the "Lime House" area of the Chinese settlement in London. During the interview, he accidentally heard the mysterious legend of the Chinese boss Mr. Jin .
At that time, the "lime house" area was mixed with dragons and snakes. Even if people were murdered in broad daylight, the mysterious Chinese leader Mr. Jin was even more terrifying.
Rumo did not see Mr. Jin, but was frightened by the solemn atmosphere in the settlement. After returning, he used his imagination to create a distorted and fictional tyrannical image of Fu Manzhou .
Rumo, who has a special liking for detective subjects, deliberately borrowed Conan Doer , a detective character , Sherlock Holmes , which was just created through newspapers and magazines, and fabricated the mystery novel "Shelmes meets Fu Manchu" .
Although this is the release of Fu Manchu and he also took advantage of the popular character of Holmes , it did not attract much attention.
But Rumo still insisted on betting on this character. A few years after that, another detective novel was launched. This time, he bet right.
2, Phase 2: Fu Manchu began to become popular in Europe and the United States
913, the novel "The Mystery of Fu Manchu" created by Rumo was published.
Because it caters to the tastes of Westerners, this novel quickly became popular in Britain, the United States and other places, with more than one million copies printed and translated into more than ten kinds of text and sold to all over the world.
With the large-scale dissemination of this book, the image of Fu Manchu, a fictional villain, was quickly established.
From then until Sax Romer's death in 1959, he wrote a total of 17 novels with the theme of "Dr. Fu Manchu", including 13 novels and 4 novels, uglied the image of Chinese in Chinatowns in major European and American cities. Fu Manchu in the novel
is portrayed as a devil from the East.
His biological father was British nobleman William Clayton, and his mother was a Chinese woman Lin Juhai (transliteration).
Fu Manchu has a very high IQ. He is a doctorate from three universities: Cambridge University , Columbia University and Yale University . He is proficient in languages around the world and is good at science, medicine and ancient oriental secret techniques.
Fu Manchu's image is very iconic. He is thin, tall, tall, tall, raised his shoulders, raised his eyebrows, two thighs of drooping beards, a long braid, a sallow face as if Satan, his thin eyes are green, he often wears Genghis Khan's mask, and the Qing Dynasty official uniform.
His whereabouts were mysterious, silent like a cat, and he claimed to destroy the white people and conquer the whole world.
Fu Manchu is good at torture others with poison and magic. He has a unique secret weapon called "Kiss of Death", A white detective Dennis Smith created in the image of Holmes is his opponent.
Even if Fu Manchu is so scheming, the kind and simple detective Dennis Smith can always defeat him with his strong willpower in the most painful way.
Rumo himself knew very well that the image of "Dr. Fu Manchu" he claimed that he created was to provide the embodiment of "Yellow Peril" for the "mass cultural market" in Europe and the United States.
Ironically, Rumo never set foot on this land of China in his entire life. All the plots about China in his novels come from his fantasy and fantasy.
What is more ironic is that no one cares whether his creation is supported by real experience or has a realistic background. This Chinese image is quickly welcomed by Westerners just because it is distorted and ugly enough.
3, Phase 3: Fu Manchu became Hollywood's "gold mine". He was forced to "change his name" because of Chinese protests.
Sales stable. The novel "Fu Manchu" series is just a powerful tool for making money in the eyes of publishers, but in the eyes of Hollywood filmmakers, it has become a huge gold mine with infinite commercial value.
1923, Hollywood Paramount Pictures and Warner Bros. Pictures set their sights on this cake and bite them to death. The first movie they made was "The Mystery of Fu Manchu".
This is also Fu Manchu's first screen show. Although it is a black-and-white movie, Fu Manchu's pale face is still chilling.
After that, two Hollywood factories have successively launched movies such as "The Return of Doctor Fu Manchu", "Daughter of Dragon", "Fu Manchu's Face", "Fu Manchu's Mask", "Fu Manchu's Drum", "Fu Manchu's Thirteen Fiancées", "Fu Manchu's Revenge", "Fu Manchu's Blood", "Fu Manchu's Castle", and "Fu Manchu's Treacherous Scheme" over the decades. The total number of movies reached 14, and they were all sought after by white audiences.
The one who played the most is the British actor Christopher Lee . He played 4 times in the 1960s. What we see in the video is basically his role-playing.
It is worth mentioning that after entering the 21st century, Christopher Lee also joined the "Lord of the Rings" series and the "Hobbit" series, playing the role of Saruman in the white robe in the series.
In addition to novels and movies, Fu Manchu's image also appears in all mainstream cultures such as TV series, radio, music and comics. Both American comic giants,
DC and Marvel , have copied Fu Manchu directly into their comics.
Among them, Fu Manchu of DC Comics appeared in his "Detective Comics", and is an evil character with a purple face.
. The Marvel Fu Manchu debuted in the 15th issue of "Marvel Special Edition" released in December 1973. At the beginning, because he was unable to obtain authorization, his name was changed to "Yellow Claw".
It was not until the 1970s that Marvel finally bought the right to use "Fu Manchu". While renamed the Yellow Claw, it also gave it a real name is Zheng Zu .
Zheng Zu comes from a mysterious temple. He is proficient in martial arts, arcane knowledge and all known science, and has an immortal body.
He established a criminal empire, was the number one enemy of Iron Man and often fought against Marvel's superhero team.
It was not until the 1980s that this character was changed due to the protests of Chinese people. It is currently called "Mandaren".
4, Stage 4: Fu Manchu effect spread to other movies, and it is still emerging one after another
Fu Manchu's character image completely erased the suffering history of Chinese workers in the United States from 1863 to 1869 and the blood and tears of 140,000 Chinese workers digging trenches for the Allied Army in Europe during the First World War. Instead, they slander us Chinese as the "yellow peril" that threatens Western society. This method of turning black and white is extremely despicable!
Although there was also a more positive Chinese image like Chinese detective Charlie Chen at the same time, he had obese figure, gentle personality, poor English, and had as many as 14 children. These are all ugliness and distortions of the image of Chinese people.
In Western film and television works, other Chinese people are mostly superstar roles such as chefs and servants.
What's ridiculous is that in the movies " Earth " and "Dragon Seeds" adapted from the novel " Earth " and "Dragon Seeds", they actually found white actors such as Louise Reiner , Paul Mooney , Catherine Hepburn , Walter Houston, etc. to play the role of Chinese.
Makeup artists simply and roughly pasted their double eyelids into single eyelids, and their image is very funny!
Actually, single eyelids, squinting eyes, hornets (also known as Fu Manchu Hu), long braids, short and vulgar. These characteristics are all the ugly Chinese images in the eyes of Westerners.
According to this setting, we can often find corresponding characters in their film and television works, and they are still emerging one after another until today, and are even regarded as common by some Chinese people.
So on the surface, the negative impact of Fu Manchu's image on the Chinese has weakened, but from a certain perspective, his life is still continuing, and the fourth stage is still taking place, but a new form of expression has been changed.
For example, at the 88th Academy Awards ceremony in 2016, black host Chris Rock invited three Asian children to the stage and joked that they were representatives of PwC accounting firm , and also mentioned the incident of Asian child labor.
This so-called "joke" has caused dissatisfaction among many Asian audiences, believing that it is really unnecessary to "mock" Asians at Oscars with children.
For example, in 2019, the movie Quentin Tarantino " Hollywood Past " was suspected of uglinessing Bruce Lee . After Li Xiangning and Kareem Kareem Kareem, the movie was not in mainland China amid the controversy.
Another example is that in 2020, the movie " Monster Hunter " publicly appeared with a line insulting China, and later disappeared in disgrace.
It can be seen that while Western countries pay attention to equal rights of black people, they treat Chinese people from awareness to actions. This phenomenon requires us to pay attention to.
5. China is constantly strengthening, and we need our generation to remain sober
Even if the Chinese maintain enough friendly and tolerant, the prejudice of Western countries has not restrained itself, and the rudeness and injustice towards Chinese are still the norm in some Western countries. This deep-rooted prejudice,
, and this prejudice, which is attached to us, is a great humiliation, which needs to be changed through the efforts of each of us Chinese.
In fact, since the 1960s, many Chinese people have tried to change this prejudice and have made great efforts.
Among them, Chinese movie star Bruce Lee made an indelible contribution. Time magazine once named him one of the top ten cultural idols on the earth in a century.
Bruce Lee was invited to participate in the unit drama "The Bride Arrives", in which he played the role of a groom. But he refused to wear the costume costumes prepared by the crew and the image of Manchu with long braids, but insisted on appearing with the image of short hair in a suit.
Director was finally convinced by him, and Bruce Lee became the only Chinese man who did not leave his braids in that episode.
Bruce Lee used Chinese Kung Fu to influence Western countries, and also showed the world a wise, humble, polite, sunny, confident and healthy image of a Chinese. The image of
has long become a positive cultural symbol, affecting people in all countries and regions around the world.
Following Bruce Lee, filmmakers such as Jackie Chan , Donnie Yen , Zou Zhaolong , Ang Lee, Wu Johnson , Daniel Wu , and sports stars such as Yao Ming , Li Na , Jeremy Lin , Yi Jianlian , have also made efforts to establish a positive image of Chinese people.
At the same time, we as Chinese people should have a clear understanding.
On the one hand, we must stand at the height of a big country and face the whole world with a frank and tolerant attitude;
On the other hand, we must also be vigilant. We must not only safeguard the image and interests of the country and nation, but also fight against the behavior of wantonly vilifying the Chinese people, but also resolutely crack down on the phenomenon of admiring foreign countries in society.
Of course, the most fundamental point is that we still need to be strong ourselves.
In any era, only when we have strong enough strength can we have the confidence to "NO" for foreigners.
Only when you are strong enough, they will listen carefully to this sentence "NO".
text/Pipi Movie Editorial Department: Passionate Danxin
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