Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in women. Globally, an average of one new case is detected every minute, and a woman dies of cervical cancer every two minutes. Every year, China accounts for more than 28% of the world's cervical cancer cases, with 100,000 newly discovered cervical cancer cases and 30,000 deaths, making it the third most common cancer among women aged 15 to 44.
In the case of high incidence of cervical cancer in my country, it is urgent to prevent and treat cervical cancer, and has also become an important part of attention for many women. So, what are the types of vaccines for cervical cancer?
Bivalent vaccine: targets HPV16 and 18 subtypes, these two subtypes are the main subtypes that cause cervical cancer and can cover about 70% of cervical cancer.
tetravalent vaccine: HPV6 and 11 were added on the basis of the bivalent vaccine, because 6 and 11 also resulted in 90% of genital warts .
Nine-valent vaccine: Based on the tetravalent vaccine, it covers 31, 33, 45, 52, 58 (of which HPV52 and 58 viruses are the most susceptible to infection in Asians), which can prevent 90% of cervical cancer.
Among them, the nine-valent vaccine has the highest prevention rate and the vaccination age is limited to under 26 years old. It is even more difficult to get a shot and it is difficult to make an appointment. Therefore, some girls seek purchasing agents through high prices, and some even spend a lot of money to find scalpers to get vaccinated, which creates a black interest chain. Some criminals discovered "business opportunities" and took this opportunity to have "wrong ideas".
Recently, The Supreme People's Court released 10 typical criminal, administrative and civil cases involving drug safety.
One of the cases is to use normal saline to fake nine-valent vaccine. The content is as follows:
In the first half of 2018, after learning that the nine-valent human papillomavirus vaccine (hereinafter referred to as the nine-valent vaccine) was sold well, the defendant Niu looked for packaging, consumables and related processes similar to the genuine product and prepared to produce counterfeit products.
From July to October 2018, Niu Moumou purchased more than 40,000 sets of syringes, push rods, pistols, needles and other items through others, and customized packaging boxes, instructions, labels and other items required for counterfeit nine-valent vaccines.
During this period, Niu Moumou and the defendant Zhang Moumou produced counterfeit nine-valent vaccines by filling normal saline into the syringe in Dan County, Shandong Province. Then, through trademark pasting, pallet plastic sealing and other processes, a total of 23,000 counterfeit nine-valent vaccines were produced.
Niu Moumou and Zhang Moumou sold 9,004 of the above counterfeit nine-valent vaccines through multiple medical beauty WeChat groups and other channels, with a sales amount of more than 1.2 million yuan.
After being inspected by Suzhou Drug Inspection and Testing Research Center, the liquid components contained in the counterfeit nine-valent vaccine sampled and sent for testing are basically the same as that of normal saline.
After trial, the court held that the defendants Niu Moumou and Zhang Moumou jointly produced and sold fake vaccines, both constituted the crime of producing and selling fake drugs.
Niu Moumou and Zhang Moumou produce and sell more than 1.2 million yuan, which is "other particularly serious circumstances". Fake drugs produced and sold are injectable vaccines and should be punished severely as appropriate. In the joint crime, Niu Moumou is the main culprit and Zhang Moumou is an accomplice, so Zhang Moumou is given a lighter punishment. Both defendants pleaded guilty and accepted punishment.
In the joint crime, Niu Moumou is the main culprit and Zhang Moumou is an accomplice, so Zhang Moumou is given a lighter punishment. Both defendants pleaded guilty and accepted punishment.
The two defendants produced and sold counterfeit nine-valent human papillomavirus vaccine by filling syringes with normal saline. This is the case of "using non-drugs as drugs" stipulated in the "" of the Drug Administration Law of the People's Republic of China, and should be deemed to be a fake drug.
Based on this, the defendant Niu Moumou was sentenced to fifteen years in prison and a fine of RMB 1.5 million for the crime of producing and selling fake drugs; the defendant Zhang Moumou was sentenced to thirteen years in prison and a fine of RMB 1 million.
Nine-valent HPV vaccine is hard to get a shot of one shot of a nine-valent HPV vaccine: There is no need to wait for a high-priced sub-vaccine
vaccine, how should we choose?
Industry experts introduced that all four vaccines require three shots and the vaccination will be completed within 6 months. Data shows that after the first dose of the vaccine, it will only play a preventive role after half a year to 7 months.Under conditions permit, women of appropriate age can choose to cover more HPV subtypes to obtain more comprehensive protection.
However, when no appointment is made for a high-priced vaccine, the public should also receive the low-priced HPV vaccine in time to obtain the best protection effect. Experts believe that the effectiveness of vaccines needs to be verified through clinical trials and data applied in reality. Due to different manufacturers, it is impossible to absolutely evaluate which of the several vaccines on the Chinese market. When choosing a vaccine, the public should comprehensively consider factors such as protective efficacy and accessibility based on their own circumstances.
"High-priced sub-vaccines will play the role of icing on the cake for the prevention of cervical cancer, not a necessary option." Experts said that if the main appeal is to prevent cervical cancer, bivalent vaccines can basically meet the needs.
Relevant industry experts said that when vaccine production can meet market demand, the scope of free vaccination of HPV vaccines in the country will also expand. It can be foreseen that the domestic HPV vaccine penetration rate will continue to increase in the future.
(Urban Express)
