source/Screenshot of the Nobel Prize official website (same below)
Xinmin Evening News (Reporter Gao Yang) The annual Nobel Prizes of Science will be announced one after another starting today (3rd) Beijing time. The Physiology or Medicine Prize will be announced at 17:30 Beijing time on October 3, and the Physics Prize and the Chemistry Prize will be announced at 17:45 on the 4th and 5th respectively. Nobel Foundation also announced that it will invite 2022 winners to participate in the award ceremony and party held in Stockholm in December.
Some people brought Nobel Prize home with the physicist's father when they were 25 years old; some people were over fifty years old, but they had not yet entered the research field that eventually made him a "winner in life". Some achievements caused a sensation as soon as they were published, and attracted the favor of the Nobel Prize the following year. Some research has been waiting for more than half a century before waiting for the golden Nobel Prize medal... In the 121-year history of the Nobel Prize, a total of 629 winners have been born in the three major science awards, of which 3 of them have won the award twice.
Since 1901, a total of 112 Nobel Prizes in Physiology or Medicine have been awarded; a total of 224 winners have been awarded, and no one has repeatedly won the award. Among the 224 award winners, 39 exclusive award winners and 12 female award winners. Last year, David Julius and Adem Pataptian won the award for discovering receptors for temperature and touch.
Figure description: Related knowledge of Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
Since 1901, a total of 115 Nobel Prize in Physics have been awarded, with a total of 218 winners. American physicist John Bading has won the Physics Award twice. Of the 218 winners, 47 were exclusively awarded, and only 4 women have won the Nobel Prize in Physics. Last year, American scientist Shuro Makoto, German scientist Klaus Hasselmann and Italian scientist George Parisi won the award for "a pioneering contribution to our understanding of complex systems."
Since 1901, a total of 113 Nobel Prize in Chemistry have been awarded, with a total of 187 winners. British biochemist Frederick Sanger has won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry twice. Among the 187 winners, 63 exclusive award winners and 7 female winners. Mr. "Good Enough" (John B. Goodnoff) is the oldest winner, who was 97 years old when he won the Chemistry Award in 2019, and he is also the oldest winner in all award categories. Last year, German scientist Benjamin Lister and American scientist David Macmillan won awards for their outstanding contributions to "asymmetric organic catalysis."
It is worth mentioning that in the 121-year history of the Nobel Prize, only three people have won the Nobel Prize in Science twice, and no one has made a breakthrough twice. French physicist Madame Curie is the only scientist to win the Nobel Prize in two different scientific fields and the first person to win the Nobel Prize in Physics; she won the Nobel Prize in Physics with her husband Pierre Curie in 1903, and then won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1911.
It can be said that over the past 100 years, the Nobel Prize for Science, as the highest honorary award in the field of natural sciences recognized worldwide, recognizes scientists who have made significant contributions to mankind in physics, chemistry, physiology, or medicine. It almost encompasses the most original and major achievements and breakthrough progress since the 20th century, and represents the main trend of modern scientific research.
Until the announcement, the Nobel Prize jury committee will hardly disclose any internal information in advance. At the same time, never publishing the so-called "Nobel Prize candidates" list undoubtedly increases the difficulty of prediction. What is "hard and difficult" is that the Nobel Prize award principle is to ensure that the award-winning achievements can withstand the test of time, so as to avoid the scientific research mentality of eagerness for quick success and instant benefits - it also expands the range of predicting candidates in terms of time.
For the Nobel Physiology or Medical Prize , which will be announced today, mRNA technology continues to be popular. Catalin Caurico, associate professor at the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, and Drew Weissman, the RNA Innovation Institute of the School of Medicine, have swept almost everything in two years, known as the "Nobel Prize Vane" top international awards that are known as the "Nobel Prize Vane" , Vice Chairman of the World Association of Top Scientists and winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2013 Randy Scheckerman also predicted that these two scientists are very likely to win the Nobel Prize; Optogenetics is also a popular candidate. In 2021, Lasco Basic Medical Research Award awarded three scientists who discovered photosensitive microbial proteins that can activate or silence individual brain cells and used them to develop optogenetics. In addition, basic scientific discoveries are also in the "queuing candidates", such as the discovery of unfolded protein responses in endoplasmic reticulum , and the field of protein folding.
