On October 10, 1923, the delegation of the Wuzhou Hongmen Reunion Conference took a group photo. The fourth on the front row was , Huang Sande , and Zhao Yu was 6, the sixth on the back row was .
Zhao Yu is a member of the Tongmenghui who followed Sun Yat-sen to participate in 11 Revolution overseas. He and Huang Sande were responsible for the establishment of China Zhigong Party ; he assisted Situ Meitang in establishing China Hongmen Min Governor to form China Hongmen Min Governor ; he has served as a member of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference...
Youbu Fundraising Specialist
Zhao Yu is from Sanjiang Township, Xinhui, Guangdong. At the age of 18, he went to the United States to make a living. He was keen on pursuing knowledge and practiced half-work and half-study. In 1908, he organized the Qiushi Society in Bujili to study the country. There are more than 40 Chinese students, workers, and clerks in the United States. At that time, Sun Yat-sen was promoting the revolution in the United States. He invited Sun Yat-sen to give a speech at the Qiushi Society. Sun Yat-sen's speech moved the audience, and Sun Yat-sen was the introducer and the leader of the alliance. Zhao Yu and more than 10 people including Zhou Xuwu, Deng Shengyu, Kuang Hui, Wu Jin, Deng Rong joined the Tongmenghui.
In January 1910, the San Francisco Tongmenghui was established, with more than 50 people including Zhang Aiyun, Huang Chaowu, Lei Zhusan, Li Qi, , Liu Richu, Liu Juke, Xu Jiongli, Huang Fu, Kuang Lin (George) and more than 50 people participated. Sun Yat-sen specially commissioned Zhao Yu, , Huang Yunsu, and others as the main alliance members.
When the San Francisco Tongmenghui was first established, it was named the Youth Society. Zhao Yu, Huang Yunsu, Zhang Aiyun, Xu Jiongli, Huang Fu and others gave open-air speeches to the masses to promote the revolution, and the work was promoted very quickly.
In January 1911, Mr. Sun Yat-sen arrived in Vancouver, Canada. In view of the repeated failures of the uprisings, all due to the failure of various places to join each other, resulting in many victims and great losses. He tried hard to raise huge sums of money and planned to revolt again in Guangdong.
On February 9, 1911, the Zhigong Hall held a public banquet, holding more than 10 banquets to clean up Sun Yat-sen. At the same time, more than 60 new members were welcomed to join the franchise, with Chen Yishi and Sun Yat-sen as the chief and deputy league leaders, and presided over the franchise ceremony. The next day, Sun Yat-sen wrote a letter to Huang Sande, the chief executive of the Zhigong Hall of San Francisco, and all the staff: "I have arrived in Yunbu on the evening of the eighth day of the lunar month. Meng Meng is very welcomed by his brothers and sisters. He gave speeches in the court and theater for several days. There were two or three thousand listeners. Although the rain was heavy, he was extremely enthusiastic. It was a grand event that Yunbu had never seen. This is the kind of person..." At that time, the total number of overseas Chinese in Vancouver was only more than 5,000. So many people went to listen to Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary speech in the rain, which shows that people deeply admire Zhongshan's theory and personality.
In the summer of that year, Sun Yat-sen revisited the port of San Francisco and held a speech at Lichan Theater to promote the revolution. Zhao Yu also accompanied overseas Chinese farms such as Gelun and Shideton in western America to give a speech to overseas Chinese compatriots. At night, he stayed in the wooden houses of overseas Chinese farms. Zhao Yu and Liu Juke slept on the floor beside Sun Yat-sen's bed to serve as guards.
On June 18, 1911, under the promotion of Mr. Sun Yat-sen, Zhigongtang and Tongmenghui established Americas Hongmen Fundraising Bureau (also known as the China Revolutionary Army Fundraising Bureau) in San Francisco. The Fundraising Bureau is called the National Relief Bureau to the outside world. At the beginning of preparation, Sun Yat-sen saw that the Tongmenghui and Zhigongtang had little consensus and believed that there was a big obstacle to fundraising, so he suggested that Zhigongtang cooperate with Tongmenghui. The Zhigongtang requires all members of the Tongmenghui to join Hongmen . Sun Yat-sen introduced Huang Yunsu, Zhao Yu, Zhang Aiyun, Li Shinan, Huang Boyao , Liu Juke and all members of the Tongmenghui in the United States to join the Hongmen Zhigongtang. The cooperation between the two sides has accelerated the progress of the revolutionary cause.
raised revolutionary funds in the United States and received full support from members of the Hongmen Zhigongtang and Tongmenghui. Sun Yat-sen personally formulated the "Constitution of the Hongmen Fundraising Bureau" (Article 13) and the "Revolutionary Army Fundraising Contract" (Article 4) for everyone to abide by it. The Hongmen Fundraising Bureau is located on the second floor of Zhigong General Hall.
Fundraising Bureau is composed of representatives selected by Zhigongtang and Tongmenghui. The general office Zhu Sanjin (Zhigongtang) and Luo Dunyi (Zhigongtang), supervising Huang Sande (Zhigongtang), and accountant Li Shinan (Tongmenghui). On June 26, the Hongmen Fundraising Bureau elected four comrades Sun Yat-sen, Huang Yunsu, Zhao Yu and Zhang Aiyun as the Youbu Fundraising Specialist. Sun Yat-sen and Huang Yunsu were responsible for the North Road, Zhao Yu and Zhang Aiyun were responsible for the South Road. They set out in early July, gave speeches along the way, and persuaded donations everywhere, with remarkable results.
When Sun Yat-sen arrived at Salt Lake City , he received a secret telegram from Huang Xing from Hong Kong. At that time, because the codebook was placed in the suitcase and had been transported to Dianhua City, Sun Yat-sen rushed to Dianhua, found the codebook from the suitcase, and translated the message. The general meaning of the telegram is: Juzheng arrived in Hong Kong and reported to Sun Yat-sen that Wuchang is about to revolt. After receiving the power, Sun Yat-sen stayed up all night and studied the situation. He thought about it again and again. He planned to send Huang Xing back to the next morning, and wait for huge sums of money to cooperate and then make a big move. The next morning, I saw the newspaper and learned that Wuchang had rebelled. Mr. Sun Yat-sen then took a photo to Saint Louis City, urging Zhao Yu and Zhang Aiyun to raise travel expenses quickly.
Zhao Yu and Zhang Aiyun rushed to Chicago and raised 5,000 yuan. Then they rushed to New York and met Sun Yat-sen at the Arlington Hotel. Zhao Yu, Huang Yunsu, Zhang Aiyun and Sun Yat-sen lived in the hotel for several days. When talking about the various things after the Wuchang Uprising, Sun Yat-sen advised everyone to work hard to raise funds, and then brought Zhu Zhuowen back to Europe. The Fundraising Bureau also remitted travel expenses to Sun Yat-sen one after another. Zhao Yu and Zhang Aiyun returned to San Francisco to obey orders and prepared to return to China to serve.
The head of the Five Ancestor Temple in Shanghai
1912 After the Wuchang Uprising, the government established parliaments at all levels and promoted local autonomy. In March 1913, the Guangdong New Conference Board was established and Zhao Yu was elected as the representative. He is honest by nature, loyal to the interests of the country and his hometown, boldly makes suggestions, speaks straightforwardly, and wins praise from people. In the autumn of that year, the parliament was disbanded and Zhao Yu left the political circle.
In October 1923, Zhao Yu became the Prime Minister of the Five Ancestors Temple in Zhigongtang, preparing to build the Five Ancestors Temple, and cooperated with the "reform and party formation" work of Zhigongtang.
The delegation of the Third Reunion Conference of the Wuzhou Hongmen America Zhigong Hall revised the fundamental charter cover
On October 10, 1923, the third Hongmen Reunion Conference was held in San Francisco. Zhao Yu and 20 people including Huang Sande, Zhu Zhongji, Luo Yue, Tan Xuansan formally proposed the "Hongmen Party Group Constitution" (a total of six articles): 1. Determine the name, the People's Government (this is a temporary assumption, and can be changed when it is officially established in the future); 2. It is recognized that the party's party's program and political program are properly formulated by representatives of each court. The Hongmen Party Group's program and political program are also considered (and additionally included) ) Unanimously join the initiative; 3. Recognize the Wuzhou Zhigongtang as the Hongmen Group Party Program General Office for the overseas preparation; 4. Recognize the Jinshan Zhigongtang as the Hongmen Group Party General Office for the overseas preparation; 3. Recognize the Jinshan Zhigongtang as the Hongmen Group Party General Office for the overseas preparation; 4. Recognize the Hongmen Group Party General Office for the preparation of the local preparation, and the Hongmen Group Party Organization is connected with the Shanghai Zhigongtang and work together; 5. Publicly promote full-time preparatory members, and the presidents, vice presidents, secretary of the government and treasurers of the local government are the preparatory members; 6. After the Hongmen Group Party Program and Political Program and the plan are signed by representatives of the local government, it will be officially approved and will be announced by the Wuzhou Hongmen Group Representatives (the so-called "Party Governance of the Party" is Zhao Yu's suggestion).
The final "decision and approval of the 'party grouping case' was passed. The representatives elected Zhao Yu, Dr. Huang Fenghua, Tan Xuansan and others to delete the draft party plan of the Shanghai Zhigongtang as a draft party plan for the Hongmen Party. Zhao Yu and Huang Fenghua were sent to visit the port to seek the consent of Kun Zhong, the uncle of each cousin, and announced it immediately. As for the recommendation of the party leader, when representatives of various countries gathered in Shanghai in June of the following year, they would make a long-term plan to celebrate the people." However, Huang Fenghua unfortunately passed away on the way, and the matter of revising the party plan was left unresolved.
The delegation of the Third Reunion Conference of the Wuzhou Hongmen America Zhigong Hall revised the fundamental liaison charter (page 16)
In order to successfully "change the hall to form a party", in May 1924, the leaders of the Zhigong Hall such as Zhao Yu and Huang Sande went to the United States, Canada, Australia, Mexico , Cuba and other countries to promote, speak, and persuade donations in advance. Hongmen and overseas Chinese listeners from all over the country were enthusiastic and rushed to donate. Zhao Yu also visited all parts of Australia with Tongmenghui member Ma Junwu , and was welcomed by people from the Hongmen.
In November 1925, Zhao Yu, Yan Zhongru, Xie Weiping, Pan Yinglin and Ling Bojing founded the Shanghai Communiqué. The Shanghai Communiqué has a simple prospectus, with a total of twelve items. The first purpose reads: This newspaper wants to create strong public opinion, and its purpose is to promote the unification and improvement of society, promote the people's governance of society, and praise the special merits of the martyrs.Improve the welfare of overseas Chinese and promote the establishment of party and temples to build a solid foundation for the party. Article 12: Please send all shares to Zhigongtang No. 10 Xinjia Garden, Xinzha Road, Shanghai to collect all shares and provide a recycling note immediately to show your faithfulness.
At the 4th Hongmen Reunion Conference in Canada in August 1926, the conference also offered a stock for the Shanghai Communiqué: "Everyone should contribute money and efforts." At the same time, it praised "Mr. Zhao Yu and others who have seen this have gone to North and South America to raise funds to build the Five Ancestors Temple, thinking that it is the account book of Hongmen Unification, to eliminate the views of the territory, and to be a fair and charitable heart, contact Hongmen Kunzhong everywhere, respond to their enthusiasm, improve party affairs, and achieve the purpose of unification, then what community can match our Hongmen's strong power."
The San Francisco headquarters of China Zhigong Party was established shortly after it was established. Because Zhao Yu published an article with different opinions from the headquarters in the newspaper, it caused dissatisfaction among the leaders of the headquarters. It not only caused controversy, but also left the false "ten major charges" on him...
On October 28, 1925, the headquarters of the China Zhigong Party in Wuzhou, San Francisco published an announcement in the Datong Morning Post "announced the removal of Zhao Yuhongmen Party": "Zhao Yu forged various facts, distributed leaflets everywhere, and dared to enter the newspaper to falsely accuse the Child's Party in Wuzhou, Kinmen, and violated the Hongmen law. He should immediately remove Zhao Yuhongmen Party to serve as a warning to this. The China Zhigong Party headquarters in Wuzhou, the United States was specially announced."
Once this announcement was issued, it was also opposed by local organizations. For example, the general branch of the two provinces of Shunshan, Mexico raised an objection, believing that Mr. Zhao should immediately convene a plenary meeting to punish him for his crimes, and study in detail, or agree or object to the removal of Zhao Yu from Kinmen. The Mexican Russian and Saudi Arabia Branch wrote a letter to the headquarters of the Democratic League to write: On the 29th of this month, the confession of Zhao Yu and Hongmen was dismissed from the party of the Hongmen Party in " Datong Daily " was very bizarre, which made the members of the headquarters shocked. If the Hongmen group, regardless of whether the deacon or member violated the party platform, it is necessary to point out that the evidence will be published first, and then it will be legal. The Mexico branch of the China Democratic League wrote a letter to Zhu Yiting and Chen Haosun, the headquarters of the China Democratic League, and made strong demands: "To respect public opinion, after detailed discussion and resolution, your headquarters will be required to quickly publish a newspaper to restore Zhao Yu's party membership before the 20th of this month to protect Zhao Yu's reputation."
In fact, after Zhao Yu was "removed" from the party, the situation was out of control and left unresolved with the debates of different voices. However, Zhao Yu was still in the "party and hall", in order to implement the purpose of the "party", and as a Hongmen patriot and overseas Chinese, he silently and unknown to carry forward Sun Yat-sen's spirit of "the world is for the public" and does his best to the revolutionary cause of the motherland.
1926, Zhao Yu won the support of military and political officials of the authorities and went to Qinghai to reclaim wasteland and dig gold mines. He also prepared to establish the "Jiaoxing Agricultural Co., Ltd." with Xie Weiping and Ling Bojing. He formulated a total of 20 articles of constitution, and in the form of recruiting shares, not only attracted funds from overseas Chinese, but also used the mining technology of overseas Hongmen people. He traveled between Shanghai, Xikang and Datong to study the methods of mining Datong gold mines and farm reclaiming. Zhao Yu's plan may be the first example of China's exploration of "using overseas Chinese to attract investment and using overseas Chinese to attract wisdom". After the outbreak of
, due to financial and other reasons, Zhao Yu had to stay behind and wait for the right time to implement his development plan.
responded to the call to join the War of Resistance against Japan
On March 27, 1932, the Central Committee of the China Zhigong Party issued the second notice, informing the "January 28" Incident that occurred in Shanghai. Zhao Yu from the Zhigong Hall in Shanghai witnessed the crime of aggression committed by Japanese militarism in Shanghai.
China Zhigong Party called on the whole party to devote itself to "encourage overseas Chinese, donate money and lose money, and encourage Shanghai party members to join the army to implement the purpose of defending the sovereignty of land protection." The national roar that exudes Changhong's spirit with life and blood is washed away by the shame of the Kuomintang government's failure to resist for four months. After
, the China Zhigong Party Headquarters in Hong Kong informed all localities to prepare for anti-Japanese and national salvation matters, and issued an order: "Party members at home and abroad will unanimously participate in the anti-Japanese war work, contribute money and efforts to fulfill their duties." The Zhigong Party organizations and overseas Chinese in all countries and regions actively participated in the sacred cause of anti-Japanese and national salvation.
1937, through the resolution of the Executive Yuan of the National Government, Zhao Yu was appointed as a member of the Zhengju Committee, and the "National Saving Public Debt Recruitment Association" with Song Ziwen as the chairman and Song Ching Ling as the committee member was sent to various parts of the five continents to raise national saving public debt . Zhao Yu and his daughter Zhao Jinzhi left the motherland and made a special trip to Southeast Asia, the United States and the United Kingdom to promote and raise funds to overseas Chinese. Because Zhao Yu has a close relationship with the overseas Zhigong Party and Hongmen organizations, wherever he goes, he was warmly welcomed by local Zhigong Party colleagues and Hongmen people. On November 24, 1937, the "Dahan Communiqué" reprinted the official letter of the Five Ancestor Temple, saying: "The government is determined to fight against Japan and save the nation, and will naturally recognize the interests of the country and nation, surpass all groups and individuals, eliminate prejudices, abandon past grudges, unite, support, love and continue to the Xinhai Revolution. The glorious history. For example, when Brother Zhao Yu arrived, he hoped to encourage all Kunzhong to actively purchase national saving bonds, which could be the first to promote the whole overseas Chinese, and to fight against Japan to make great achievements in order to save the country and revive the nations that are on the verge of danger. "
1939 The Dahan Communiqué also reported a touching story: Zhao Yu's specializing in raising public debts from overseas Chinese, has arrived in London, and has passed all over the Southeast Asian region along the way. With the efforts of Zhao's , the achievements have been very good, and the future of the War of Resistance Against Japan are extremely beneficial. After Zhao arrived in London, he advised local overseas Chinese to buy bonds and donate, and sent him to Hong Kong via air mail to report on the donation of local overseas Chinese. There are a total of eight or nine hundred overseas Chinese in London, and their livelihoods are not very good, and their living level is much higher than when Zhao Yu visited Europe ten years ago, and overseas Chinese can also work hard to move forward. Those who do business here, Zhao Yu advised him to donate 10,000 yuan in each person to buy debts. Unemployed overseas Chinese can also donate 1/4 of the exported grain every month when the local government receives the money, so as to save food and relieve difficulties. The most enthusiastic overseas Chinese in London, only the old man in Huizhou, donated all the 700 yuan he had accumulated over the past year to the motherland. Zhao Yu was moved to tears.
After Zhao Yu returned to Hong Kong on September 3, 1938, he immediately wrote to overseas Chinese organizations, the China Democratic League and the Hongmen organization to report on the situation of donating and saving the country. Zhao Yu departed from Hong Kong to Southeast Asia in October 1937, then went to America through Europe, and then from Honolulu and New Silver to Australia. He returned to Hong Kong on September 3. In more than a year, wherever Zhao Yu went, overseas Chinese, Zhigong Party members and Hongmen actively purchased bonds for the war of resistance and rescue of the country. The total donation of public bonds this time was from Malay Peninsula . If the average annual contribution of overseas Chinese would be the first in South Africa, Philippines , second in India, and fourth in the United States (later, overseas Chinese in the United States donated more than 13 million yuan and rushed to the first).
formed the Party of Democratic Party and made an indelible contribution to the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Zhao Yu returned to Shanghai with his family and regained the old business of Zhigongtang, and actually became the leader of the overseas Hongmen in Shanghai. In March 1946, Situ Meitang, chairman of the headquarters of the China Hongmen Zhigong Party of America, led the headquarters director Yang Tianfu to arrive in Shanghai and immediately found Zhao Yu for negotiation. With Zhao Yu's connections at home and abroad, they jointly prepared to hold a global Hongmen Reunion Conference in Shanghai to establish the China Hongmen Min Governance Party, and Situ Meitang, Zhao Yu and Zhu Jiazhao formed the Standing Committee.
On July 25, the China Hongmen Global Religion Conference held a preparatory meeting at Chaoshe, Guizhou Road, Shanghai, and thus the China Hongmen Min Governor Party was formed. On August 1, 1946, the China Hongmen Min Governor Party was officially established. Situ Meitang was the chairman, Zhao Yu and Zhu Jiazhao were the vice chairman, and the new paint sign of "China Hongmen Min Governor Party" was hung at the gate of the "Five Ancestor Temple"...
: 2:00 pm on September 1, the China Hongmen Min Governor Party held a banquet at the Shanghai Kangle Restaurant to entertain Chinese and foreign journalists, reported on the process of forming a party, and expressed their opinions on the current situation, which took more than an hour. The reception was hosted by Situ Meitang. In his speech, Situ Meitang expressed his gratitude to the Chinese and foreign journalists attending the meeting and explained the position of the establishment of the Democratic Party; Zhao Yu reported on behalf of the Standing Committee on the history of the Party group, etc.
After the establishment of the People's Government Party, branches and branches were established in various places, and the publication of "Ministry Weekly" was planned to be the mouthpiece of the party. It also signed by Situ Meitang, Zhao Yu and Zhao Jintian, sponsored the "Pacific Magazine" sponsored by the Democratic Party Commissioner in Hong Kong, Shilunzo, the Vietnam League of Zhigongtang, and Huang Dashu, the Propaganda Director of the Hong Kong and Macao Branch of the Democratic Party, as a publication of the Democratic Party in Hong Kong.
In early March 1947, in order to organize the South China Party Committee of the Democratic Party, Situ Meitang and Zhao Yu arrived in Hong Kong from Shanghai. At 2 p.m. on the 16th, the Hongmen Group of Hong Kong South China, chaired by Shirenzo, the Hong Kong branch stationed in Hong Kong, held a preparatory welcome meeting to welcome Situ and Zhao. After that, under the guidance of Situ Meitang and Zhao Yu, the Hong Kong and Macao General Branch of the China Hongmen Min Governance Party was established on June 22, 1946, with the chairman Xiong Shaohao and the vice chairman Huang Canghai.
On July 12, 1947, Zhao Yu and his son Zhao Wenzao (the then member of the Shanghai Zhigong Hall and the president of Shanghai Hongsheng Monthly) arrived in Manila, Philippines. Representatives from various Hongmen groups went to Pier 13, Manila to greet them. Zhao Yu has two major tasks for this trip: one is uniting the whole Philippines, and the other is organizing the Democratic Party in the Philippines. At noon on the 15th, various Hongmen groups held a public banquet at the headquarters of the Progressive Party of , including consular officials of the National Government in the Philippines, leaders of the Kuomintang General Branch, General Chamber of Commerce, Overseas Chinese Labor Federation, Guangdong Association and other leaders. The next day, Zhao Yu immediately visited government departments, overseas Chinese associations and Hongmen agencies.
After the establishment of the Democratic Party, all matters within the Party were manipulated by the Kuomintang forces, Situ Meitang and Zhao Yu, who had a strong patriotism, withdrew from the Democratic Party.
The "May 1st Slogan" of the Communist Party of China was published shortly after it was published. On August 1, 1948, Zhao Yu, who lives in Shanghai Wuzu Temple, wrote a letter to the Supervisory Committee of the China Zhigong Party of San Francisco, Situ Juncong, Executive Committee member Tan Hu and other colleagues from overseas Zhigong Party and Zhigong General Hall. The letter revealed that the Democratic Party had been used by the Kuomintang's "CC factions" and prevented them from "using the name of Democratic Party to carry out anti-communist propaganda everywhere and undermining the unity of the Hongmen overseas."
On January 10, 1956, the second session of the Second National Committee of the CPPCC elected Zhao Yu as a member (seventeen overseas Chinese), and then succeeded him as a member of the third and fourth sessions.
(The author is the former full-time deputy chairman of the Xiamen Municipal Committee of the Zhigong Party, the former vice chairman of the Xiamen Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese. He is currently a member of the Party History Research and Party Affairs Committee of the Central China Zhigong Party of China and an advisor to the Theory and Study Committee of the Central Committee of the China Zhigong Party.)
Source: "People's Political Consultative Conference Daily" (09th edition, August 25, 2022)
Author: Wang Qifeng
Page editor: Yang Chun
New media editor: Xue Jing
