As we all know, there are two Mo Miaoting in my country's history. One of them is in Huzhou, Zhejiang. It was built in the fifth year of Xining in the Northern Song Dynasty (1072) and was built by Huang Tingjian's father-in-law, Sun Jue (named Xinlao, 1028-1090). After Sun Jue, who was very ancient and beautiful, took office as the governor of Huzhou, he collected the remains of the sages of Han and Tang dynasties and other relics from many sources, and built pavilions to collect and protect them. This was the earliest Huzhou Momiao Pavilion. Su Shi, who was the magistrate of Hangzhou at that time, wrote "Mo Miaoting Records" for this and wrote the poem " Sun Xinlao's poem "HTML ". "Mo Miaoting Records" has become a famous work that has been passed down through the ages.
The second is in Taicang, Jiangsu, and was built by Gu Xin (named Shanfu, 1279-1353), a famous scholar and calligrapher in the Yuan Dynasty. Gu Xin was a descendant of Gu Yewang 2 (519-581), a great scholar in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. He served as deputy envoy of Kunshan Prefecture and the Zhejiang Military Equipment Bureau. He was close friends with the great calligrapher Zhao Mengfu and learned calligraphy from him. Both of them were both teachers and friends. It is said that when Gu Xin resigned from his post and returned to his hometown, Zhao Mengfu specially presented him with his book "Returning to the Return" and "Preface to Sending Li Yuan to Return to Pangu". Gu Xin believed it as the most treasure. After returning home, he immediately put stones and built Mo Miaoting to collect it. Of course, there are many other calligraphy and calligraphy treasures hidden in the pavilion.
and above Mo Miaoting were later damaged and the remains were no longer there. The ones that have survived are rebuilt for later generations, especially the Mo Miaoting in Taicang was newly built in the 1980s.
In fact, there is another Mo Miaoting that is often overlooked, namely the Mo Miaoting built by Gu Yuan (1799-1851), a large collector in Changzhou, Jiangsu (now Suzhou) in the Qing Dynasty. Gu Yuan's courtesy name is Lilan and his nickname is Xiangzhou , also known as Canglang Fisherman, was smart and studious since he was a child, but he did not consider his career as his career. He became an official and was appointed as an imperial edict and was appointed as a governor. He liked reading and collecting in his life. His garden "Pijiang Xiaozhu" has built a rich collection of "Yihai Tower", as well as "Jijin Leshi Zhai", "Ciyan Hall", "Ancient Spring Jingshe", "Mixiang Pavilion", etc. The rare ancient books, calligraphy and paintings in his collection are famous in Jiangnan. Later, he bought many portraits of famous sages and mojiu works by famous masters in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and specially built the "Mo Miao Pavilion" to hide it. After Gu Yuan's death, due to the war in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, Gu's family's family was sunset, and their wealthy collections were scattered. Most of the books were obtained by Ding Richang, and their calligraphy and paintings were scattered everywhere. Various pavilions in the garden were in name only, and in the end, even the remains were gone. Therefore, Gu's Mo Miaoting is now little known.
Somewhat surprisingly, decades after Gu Yuan passed away, the relics in the Mo Miao Pavilion actually crossed the ocean and arrived in Japan. This relic is a collection of dozens of ink records in "The First Dynasty Baohan" (also known as "The Celebrity Mo Miao"), which can be called the treasure of the Gu family's in the Mo Miao Pavilion. In conclusion, this calligraphy treasure was taken abroad by Luo Zhenyu, who was in the asylum of Kyoto, and is now in the Kyoto National Museum.
Lin Zexu Inscription "The First Dynasty Baohan" collected by Gu Yuan
After the outbreak of the Xinhai Revolution, Luo Zhenyu, who was in the school department, felt that his fate was uncertain. When he was thinking about the asylum, he happened to meet with a monk stationed in Otani Mitsuru to persuade him to take refuge in Japan. In addition, friends such as Kyoto University Nito Konan, Kano Naoki also wrote letters to persuade him to persuade him to go to the country to travel east. Of course, there is another factor that cannot be ignored. Before this, at the request of Naito Konan and others, Luo Zhenyu had lent 300 pieces of calligraphy and paintings from his collection to Kyoto for exhibition. If he took this opportunity to sell it on site, the funding problem of going to Japan could be solved. At the end of November 1911, Luo Zhenyu took a boat from Tianjin to Kobe , Kobe , and then entered Kyoto for a temporary residence, which opened the era of Luo's 8-year-old foreign residence. At the same time, it also achieved outstanding achievements in the fields of oracle bone script, Han and Jin wooden slips, Dunhuang scripts, etc., especially the "Luo King's Studies" that is ahead of the world, mainly based on oracle bone archaeology.
Because of the need to buy land to build houses, live and publish in Kyoto, Luo Zhenyu, who is like a residence, had to take advantage of a large number of his collections, especially calligraphy, paintings, inscriptions and calligraphy. "The First Chao Baohan" is one of the calligraphy works that he took shortly after arriving in Kyoto.
This ink treasure was obtained by Hiroshima's wealthy man Kuno Motoyoshi. Kuno Motoyoshi (1875-?) is named Jinura, and is also named "Huang Shanghu". He was born in a family of aristocratic families in Mihara Town, Hiroshima Prefecture.During his stay in Kyoto, Kuno Motoyoshi served as the general manager of Xibei Bank and was a famous local business community.
"The First Dynasty Baohan" is an integration of nearly 50 famous people's writings in the Ming Dynasty and early Qing dynasties, including Ming Taizu and Emperor Xuanzong, as well as Song Lian , Song Ke , Zhan Xiyuan, Zhang Sanfeng , Shen Can , Shen Du , Yang Shiqi , Zhou Ding, Yang Rong, Yang Pu, Li Dongyang , Wen Zhengming , Zhu Yunming , Shen Zhou , Wu Kuan , Fang Peng, Gu Yanwu, Wu Weiye, Huang Zongxi , Huang Zongyan , Wang Zongyan , 未分类, Fushan , Gong Xian , Wang Yuanqi , Wang Shimin , Wang Hui , Wang Jian , Wu Li , Yun Shouping, Mao Qiling, Jiang Shijie, Zhou Lianggong and other calligraphers or official literati, because Zhu Yunming, Wang Shimin, Mao Qiling and others have two or more ink pieces, so there are 56 pieces in total, original one, and later modified into three volumes. At the beginning of the volume, there are inscriptions such as Lin Zexu's "Celebrity Mo Miao" and He Shaoji's "Mo Miao Pavilion Picture", and are accompanied by the "Mo Miao Pavilion Picture" painted by Huang Jun in the 18th year of Daoguang (1838), which vividly reproduces the real landscape of Mo Miao Pavilion in Gu Yuan's mansion at that time.
Huang Jun's paintings "Mo Miaoting Picture" and He Shaoji's inscription "Mo Miaoting Picture"
at the end of the volume is Li Zhaoluo , as well as the synoptic notes of Li Zuoxian , Qi Xueqiu , Xu Weiren , Feng Guifen and others. Finally, the inscription for Luo Zhenyu is written. According to Luo's postscript, this ink treasure was originally an old item from Suzhou collector Gu Xiangzhou Yihailou. Because he collected hundreds of portraits and calligraphy works of celebrities in the Ming Dynasty, he specially built the "Mo Miao Pavilion" in his mansion to store it. The books, calligraphy and paintings collected by Hou Gu were unfortunately lost, but the calligraphy works occasionally remained in the world, and some of them flowed into Wu Yun's hands. After Wu's death, Luo Zhenyu purchased many calligraphy and paintings from his family, and "The First Chao Baohan" was one of them. After this volume, Luo crossed the sea to Japan with the Luo family, and soon fell into the hands of Kuno Motoyoshi. From this we can see the trajectory of this ink treasure flowing into Japan.
After Kuno Motoyoshi succeeded, he imitated Gu Yuan and named the Mobao collection "Mo Miaoting" and asked Wang Guowei to write "Mo Miaoting Record" to record it (see Volume 23 of Wang Guowei's "Guantang Jilin". In addition, the manuscript of "Mo Miaoting Record" appeared at the 2018 autumn auction of Xiling Seal Society). At the same time, Luo Zhenyu also specially carved the "Huang Shang Hu" seal for Kano Motoyoshi ( side model "Mr. Jinura is a righteous man, and his uncle is imitating the Han Dynasty").
Manuscript of "Mo Miaoting" by Wang Guowei's book (Catalog of Xiling Seal Society 2018 Autumn Auction)
Among the ink records collected in "The First Dynasty Baohan", after Emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty and Emperor Xuanzong, the first one is Song Lian's regular script "Sending Qian Junyun back to Tiantai Poems and Prefaces". The font is dignified and calm, and the brushwork is exquisite. Next is the poem "The Road is Difficult" (the first two poems), which is signed with the word "Ke", and is stamped with two white seals "Song Zhongwen" and "Song Ke Private Seal". The fonts throughout the article are upright and elegant, highlighting the orthodox style of calligraphy in the early Ming Dynasty. In addition to Song Ke, there are also the "Two Shens" calligraphy in the "Three Songs and Two Shens" (Song Ke, Song Sui, Song Guang, Shen Du, Shen Can), especially the long scroll of "Cursive Stories of Emperor Wu of Liang" (30 lines), which is very exquisite in the chapter cursive style calligraphy.
"The First Dynasty Baohan" in Shen Can's book and Song Ke's book
The late Yuan Dynasty in the early Ming Dynasty, Zhang Sanfeng, a Taoist priest, was a legendary figure. There are many different opinions about his birth and death, deeds, and it is difficult to determine the authenticity. The ink traces of his handed down generations are extremely rare. The ink traces of his running script are included in "The First Chao Baohan": "The nine-turn pills in the bag are made, and the peaches ripened in the palm for thousands of years. Penglai was drunk last night, and the white clouds were hanging in the mountains." The notation is "The drunken writing of the old man from Sanfeng". As for the handwriting, the brushwork is refreshing and elegant.
"The First Dynasty Baohan" in Zhang Sanfeng's book
Yang Shiqi, Yang Rong and Yang Pu were important officials with outstanding achievements in the Ming Dynasty. They were known as the "Three Yangs" in the Ming Dynasty. Because of their residence, they were named "Xi Yang" (Jiangxi), " East Yang " (Fujian) and "Southern Yang" (Hubei) respectively.It is rare for the three people to gather together into one, and "The First Dynasty Baohan" includes the three people's handwriting, namely Yang Shiqi's "Notes with Jingxuezhai", Yang Pu's "Five Ancient Poems" and Yang Rong's "Sending Zhang Zonghai Back Home and Introducing". Through this we can see the retro style of Zhao Mengfu's calligraphy style of Yang Rong and others.
"The First Dynasty Baohan" in Yang Rong's book
As one of the important officials of the Ming Dynasty, Li Dongyang also had a great influence in the literary and calligraphy world. "The First Dynasty Baohan" contains his regular script "Four Couplets". From the title, we can see that it was a commendation work with several friends such as Zhu Zhongfu , Yang Yingning and others. The calligraphy is vigorous and the style is clear and elegant.
Shen Zhou is the pioneer of Wumen Painting School and is also a master of calligraphy and painting who inherits the past and the future since the Yuan and Ming dynasties. "The First Dynasty Baohan" contains his letter "Gived to Yao Cheng", which is two seven-character regular poems. One is a song of the poem "Reading the Last Imperial" with Yao Cheng, and the other is a poem written for his confidant Zhou Ding (Tongcun): "Zhou Tongcun was induced, and he could not be able to have the ancestors. He picked up one poem from a distance: medicine and Xunwu were sick, and he was alone in the north. He cried in front of the lamp through the eyes of the rivers and lakes, and lived and died in the dream. His ancient friendship was high and his heart was envious, and his words were exquisite to remember the spirit. He was willing to worship alone, and the wind and rain were in the Tongcun. The grass was in spring." The last chapter of the letter was titled "Old friend Shen Zhou bowed again." Judging from the ink and writing of calligraphy, Shen Zhou's running script obviously absorbed the calligraphy expertise of famous Song Dynasty masters such as Huang Tingjian, but did not lose their own style, with vigorous brushwork and natural and elegant style. Although the letter has not been signed, it can be seen from the birth and death year of Zhou Ding (1401-1487) that when Shen Zhou turned 60 in 1487, he was ill at the time and was heartbroken because he could not go to attend the funeral of his friend Zhou Ding. There is also a book written by Zhou Ding in "The First Dynasty Baohan", called "A Poem to the Emperor Yin of Xiushui", which is elegant and elegant in running script.
"The First Dynasty Baohan" in Shen Zhou's book
In addition to Shen Zhou, "The First Dynasty Baohan" also includes the handwriting of his students Wen Zhengming, Zhu Yunming and others. Wen Zhengming's calligraphy was presented to Yuanzhou's Ministry of Rites "Nanlou Poetry", which was a seven-character regular verse in running script that he was good at. Zhu Yunming wrote two letters: "Writes with Mei Nan" and "Writes with Yu Ping". In addition, the included letters by Wu Kuan and his nephew Wu Yi also have certain reference value for understanding and studying the style of the "Wumen Calligraphy School" and its inheritance.
"The First Dynasty Baohan" contains not only the ink writings of calligraphers and painters, but also the handwriting of some famous scholars, among which scholars such as Huang Zongxi, Gu Yanwu, and Fu Shan, who are masters of the generation, are their representatives. The value of their hand-written ink marks is not limited to calligraphy and calligraphy, but also to academic thoughts. Huang Zongxi's calligraphy is "A Poem of Thunder Gift", a five-character quatrain in running script. The poem says: "I am in the mountains, and the waterfalls hang on the windows. The cloth is among the green pines, and I have a happy night. I have heard the joy of heaven, and only the carved tigers are on the side. I don't like the scenery is too Qing, so what I get is not a master. I have been studying for fifty years, and I have been suffering from the horns of a cow. I live in the mountains and read, so I dare not speak out. I know that my talents are different, so I will be willing to be a hundred martial arts. I am given the title of Brother Lei Dao." The signature is "Yaojiang Eighty-Old Man Huang Zongxi" and stamped with "Huang Zongxi Seal" (white text). It can be seen that it was his eighty-year-old work, and his mood of studying in the mountains in his later years was vividly reflected on the paper. In "The First Dynasty Baohan", there are also his brother Huang Zongyan's handwritten handwriting, which was written in "The Poems of Giving to Zi Qi" written in "Zhongqiu of Dingsi" (1677 in the 16th year of Kangxi reign).
"The First Dynasty Baohan" in "The First Dynasty Baohan", in "The First Dynasty Baohan", Gu Yanwu's calligraphy is titled "Mr. Tinglin's Letter to Jiatang", and also includes letters from Gu Yanwu's successor, Gu Shaofu, and two letters. Gu Yanwu became a great scholar and thinker of a generation, which was inseparable from Gu Shaofu's careful cultivation and guidance. His grandparents and grandchildren gathered together to make people watch together, which is also a pleasure.
Fushan’s ink writings are mostly cursive or running scripts, and there are few running scripts. The "First Dynasty Baohan" contains his running script five-character paving rule , saying: "In the evening, I stay in Mingshan Pavilion, Bingxin , hold water. The flower god is young, and the corrupt goods will be stripped. When sleeping, I am worried, and I will take refuge in a ignorant mind. I will also get the nun, and I will be begging for Buddha. I will be caressed this day, but it is not the time when I am a slap. The sisters of the painting eyebrows are secretly uneven in the mirror. The place is a little different, and the romantic love will soon be separated. The words were once fragmented, and the book was broken. Good luck was hoped for three years, and the lover was in the evening. I have no regrets and I have taken the slide into a canal. The treasures fly by, and the mandarin ducks live in the pond. Tonight, I will be bridal together, and tomorrow I will swing."The last chapter is "Wu Yu said that Gu'an's travels, and this beautiful style was found in the past." The seal of "Fu Shan's Seal" (white text). My jade is Wang Yu, a famous scholar in Ningxiang, Shanxi Province. My jade is his name. After entering the Qing Dynasty, he lived in seclusion in Baiqian Mountain and was proficient in medical principles and Taoism. Fu Shan visited many times and interacted with him or sang poems and essays. In Fu Shan's collection of poems and essays, there are "Wang Yu, Wang Jing, Hu Ting, Ermei, and Sun Liansu to visit Ningxiang Baiqian" in the Mid-Autumn Festival of Yimao, "Eight untitled books with Wang Yuxian from Lishi Wang Wuyu" and "Eight untitled books on Liansu" and " The poems such as "Wu Yu said that Gu'an's actions have this kind of beauty in the past" and "Gou Yu's Red Friends Gu'an from Xixi Ning Township, listen to Wu Yu's saying that if someone else refutes this kind of grievance" are the poems such as "Wu Yu said that Gu'an has this kind of beauty in the past", but there are slight differences in the text. The Gu'an in "Wu Yu said that Gu'an's Wind" is Wang Wu Yu's "Red Friends", named Yan Xuemei. Fu Shan's Pilgrim said: "Gu'an, , , html, , html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, html, At first, he wanted to shave himself as a nun, but he failed. Later, he tried to be a good person. After less than three years of work, he died of syrup and died of syrup. I once saw a piece of paper from my husband. I recently heard that Gu'an died. I was a man who was so elegant that he had been doing so for a long time. The overseas Chinese had two long poems for five words, but I still regretted that this person could not be entirely known. I also sigh that he is smart and interested in his own way, and why do he look at the ancient famous women and women? "From this, we can see that this row of rules was written by Fu Shan's friend Wang Yan for the death of his family. Judging from the handwriting, the fonts are uneven and unconventional, which reflects his natural and straightforward personality.
"The First Dynasty Baohan" in Fu Shan's book
In addition, the letters of Wu Weiye and Gong Weiliang, who had a great influence in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, as well as the alien literati and painter Li Xiang, who was known as the "Four Princes in the late Ming Dynasty", and Zhou Lianggong, who was excellent in poetry, calligraphy and painting, were also included.
Wang Shimin, known as the "Four Kings and Wu Yun", , Wang Jian, Wang Hui, Wang Yuanqi, Wu Li and Yun Shouping, six painters in the early Qing Dynasty, also known as " Liujia " and the literary style since Dong Qichang of the Ming Dynasty. They are regarded as the orthodox school of painting in the Qing Dynasty, occupying an important position in the history of painting, and have a profound influence. "The First Dynasty Baohan" contains the writings of six people, including Wang Shimin's three letters and the others' ones, so that they can roughly appreciate the calligraphy styles of the six major painters. In addition to "Four Kings and Wu Yun", there are also Gong Xian, Jiang Shijie, and Song. Letters of calligraphers and painters such as Cao .
The "Xianchao Baohan" bought by Gu Yuan includes collection seals of famous artists such as Fengfang, Xiang Yuanbian, Zhu Zhichi, Lu Shihua, and Miao Yuezao. After Gu bought it, he stamped the seals of "Yihailou Collection of Classics and Calligraphy and Paintings" (Zhuwen), "Yihailou Collection of Seals" (Zhuwen), "Gu Yuan Collection of Seals" (Zhuwen), "Gu Yuan Collection of Seals" (Bai Wen), "Gu Yuan Private Seals" (Bai Wen), "Changzhou Gu Yuan Xiang Boat Review" (Zhuwen), "Xiang Zhou Xin Xiu" (Zhuwen), "Xiang Zhou Collection of Seals" (Zhuwen), "Xiang Zhou Collection of Seals" (Zhuwen), and "Xiang Zhou" (Zhuwen), and other collection seals. After Wu Yun, There are also collection seals such as Wu Yun’s collection of Wu’an’s 200 Lantingzhai Collection Books (Zhu Wen), which can be regarded as a famous record of orderly inheritance.
“The First Dynasty Baohan” has high value in both collection and academic level, especially for the evolution of calligraphy and academic history research. Li Zhaoluo also mentioned in his postscript, “Gu Jun of Xiangzhou has collected the ink and ink from the Ming Dynasty, and has been published for 300 years. It has been 500 generations, from emperors and ministers, and from the lower courtesy of the people who have gained fame and reputation, so that those who have made a lot of money can see their names. If you don’t care about the ability to appreciate, you will only add the registration; if you don’t add the items of A and B, you will be fond of your own. Not only is the rotten bones all created and created, but all eyes can be burned. When the trend of the trend is in progress, it is probably obvious that the wind will be changed at any time. "The Essentials of Dharma Books", "Jin Xiang Linlang", "The Book of Calligraphy and Painting" and other things are not rich, but they only identify the clumsyness of calligraphy and painting, and the distance of the spread is still a masterpiece. Why do you find the principles of refining the past and present in this way and find the principles of change, and think it is a helping of the ancient and modern times in the Hanyuan? "
However, later, Kuno Motoyoshi Sugaki resold this ink treasure to Ueno Riichi (1848-1919), about early 1916. On January 19 of the same year, Naito Konan told Ueno's book of the Ueno family on January 19 of the same year, "According to the words of Hakono, you want to buy Mo Miaoting's old collection of famous books of Ming and Qing dynasties. This post is the most excellent of the same product that the young actors have seen.The wonder of his calligraphy and the value of his historical reference are far above the letters of Mingxian in Inuyang's old collection. In particular, the ink writings of the famous ministers of Emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty and Emperor Xuanzong, the small regular script of Song Jinglian (which is wonderful), the two great masters of the Taoist in Sanfeng, Gu Yanwu, Huang Zongxi, and the four kings of Wu Yun (the Huang family's calligraphy is almost invisible, and the letters of Wu Li to Wang Shigu are indeed confirmed by the fact that he is a Catholic, which is the most precious one). Even the extremely ordinary Zhuzhishan, Wen Zhengming, and Shen Shitian's books are far better than those seen in other places. They are especially the best Zhuzhishan's letters, which can be called the first among all Zhuzhishan's books. Pray for purchase. In the future, as a reference for all aspects, the young student will also benefit greatly. "The same letter is attached to some of the calligraphers or collectors (Nito Konan's calligraphy book to Ueno Riichi on January 9, 1916, Volume 14 of "Nito Konan's Complete Works"). In the letter, "Inoka's old collection of Mingxian letters" refers to the letters of famous Ming Dynasty purchased by Inoka's famous people when he visited Shanghai in 1913. Dozens of them were selected and published in the name of "Mingxian letters". Luo Zhenyute wrote the four major words "Mingxian letters". In addition, from this It is not difficult to imagine how Ueno Riichi was constantly obtaining his collection from Luo Zhenyu under the guidance of Kono, who was like a consultant, and gradually formed his unique "Ueno Ai Zhusai Chinese Calligraphy and Painting Collection" (referred to as "Ueno Special Collection", please refer to the "Ueno Special Collection" compiled by the Kyoto National Museum.) After Ueno Riichi's death, through the hands of his heir Ueno Seiichi, the richness of the "Ueno Special Collection" The collection was donated to the Kyoto National Museum. Therefore, the "Baohan of the First Day" has been kept in the museum.
Asaka Shimbun President and collector Ueno Riichi
White House was hosted by Kyoto, Luo Zhenyu and Wang Guowei not only encouraged each other or cooperated with each other and achieved amazing achievements in many academic fields, but also did the appreciation and dissemination of calligraphy and painting in gold and stone. It has done a lot of work (of course, it is a pity to sell calligraphy and paintings themselves). As for the "Premier Chao Baohan" flowing into the hands of Japanese collectors, the two worked together, either to write articles (Wang's "Mo Miaoting Ji") or to engrave seals (Luo's engraving "Huang Shang Hu" seal), which is like a double act of academic style, and cooperates tacitly and complement each other. This not only adds additional value to calligraphy and painting itself, but also to the "passing on ancients" career.
