Source: TOP Most Yunnan
magnitude 5.0 earthquake occurred in Tonghai County, Yunnan
19:25
Tonghai County residents went to the square to avoid shock
news
hot Click
This morning's circle of friends was flooded with such a message - According to the China Earthquake Network, at 1:44 on August 13, 2018, a magnitude 5.0 earthquake occurred in , Tonghai County, Yuxi City, Yunnan Province (24.19 degrees north latitude and 102.71 degrees east longitude), with a depth of 7 kilometers. The epicenter is located in the area of , Sijie Town, Tonghai County. According to the Yuxi City Earthquake Prevention and Disaster Reduction Bureau, the earthquake caused 8 people to be injured, and some houses in Tonghai County and Jiangchuan District were damaged.
as of 5:20, a total of 60 earthquake sequences occurred on August 13. According to M statistics (including the main earthquake), 4 times of magnitude 2.0 to 2.9, 2 times of magnitude 3.0 to 3.9, and 1 time of magnitude 5.0 to 5.9.
This earthquake once again triggered countless people's memories of the magnitude 7.8, 15,621 deaths 48 years ago, known as the "Tonghai Earthquake"...
48 years ago, the shocking earthquake, not only its shocking consequences, but also because in that special era, the magnitude and earthquake disaster of the earthquake were strictly blocked for more than 30 years, almost insulated from the public and are even more eye-catching!
revealed again: Tonghai earthquake 48 years ago
In 1970, a magnitude 7.8 earthquake occurred in Tonghai County, Yunnan Province, known in history as the "Tonghai Earthquake". This is the first major earthquake with more than 10,000 deaths since the founding of New China.
In that "red" era, after the earthquake, the central government proposed a sixteen-character policy: self-reliance, hard work, development of production, and reconstruction of home. The people in the disaster area took the initiative to propose three notes: don’t need relief food, don’t need relief funds, don’t need relief supplies. The propaganda slogan is: "Thousands of support, tens of support, sending Mao Zedong Thought is the greatest support." At that time, there were 160,000 people in Tonghai. More than 143,000 letters of condolence were received, and almost everyone could get one...
writer Liu Xinwu found a "secret letter"
By chance, Liu Xinwu borrowed a novel "Days" from his colleagues about life in Azhar University in Egypt. A colleague "accidentally" put a letter from home in the book. It was a "secret letter" sent from Tonghai County, Yunnan Province, which was reported to their relatives working in Beijing, saying that a major earthquake occurred in their hometown late at night on January 5 of that year, and the houses were almost flattened and many people were buried. The letter mentioned the names of many victims, from close relatives like brothers and sisters-in-law, nephews, uncles, uncles, and aunts in the family to classmates, a long list was listed.
More than thirty years later, Liu Xinwu, who has become a famous writer, still remembers the terrible "secret letter". He wrote in a memoir: "That night, under the dim light, I stood there for a long time, surprised. Did such a big earthquake happen in Yunnan on January 5? It has not been reported so much in the newspapers, nor has it been broadcast on the radio. If such a big earthquake really happened, so many colleagues and relatives alone died, how many people died in that area?"
In fact, it was not only Liu Xinwu who could not know the truth about the big earthquake. In that year, and even for a long time afterwards, most Chinese people did not know much about the big earthquake that occurred in Tonghai, Yunnan at 1 a.m. on January 5, 1970.
The shocking earthquake that has been kept secret for more than 30 years
Narration of an experienced person in Tonghai: I am a witness of the 7.8-magnitude earthquake in Tonghai in 1970. In the early 1990s, I began to investigate the earthquake I remembered, tried every means to collect relevant pictures and historical materials, traveled through the earthquake-stricken areas of that year, and interviewed many parties involved. Over the years, I have often wandered on this extraordinary land. The huge force from the underground has been silent, but the earthquake faults left on the surface, despite being eroded by wind and rain, still make me feel the pain of the twisting of the earth at that moment more than 40 years ago.
Source: TOP Most Yunnan
magnitude 5.0 earthquake occurred in Tonghai County, Yunnan
19:25
Tonghai County residents went to the square to avoid shock
news
hot Click
This morning's circle of friends was flooded with such a message - According to the China Earthquake Network, at 1:44 on August 13, 2018, a magnitude 5.0 earthquake occurred in , Tonghai County, Yuxi City, Yunnan Province (24.19 degrees north latitude and 102.71 degrees east longitude), with a depth of 7 kilometers. The epicenter is located in the area of , Sijie Town, Tonghai County. According to the Yuxi City Earthquake Prevention and Disaster Reduction Bureau, the earthquake caused 8 people to be injured, and some houses in Tonghai County and Jiangchuan District were damaged.
as of 5:20, a total of 60 earthquake sequences occurred on August 13. According to M statistics (including the main earthquake), 4 times of magnitude 2.0 to 2.9, 2 times of magnitude 3.0 to 3.9, and 1 time of magnitude 5.0 to 5.9.
This earthquake once again triggered countless people's memories of the magnitude 7.8, 15,621 deaths 48 years ago, known as the "Tonghai Earthquake"...
48 years ago, the shocking earthquake, not only its shocking consequences, but also because in that special era, the magnitude and earthquake disaster of the earthquake were strictly blocked for more than 30 years, almost insulated from the public and are even more eye-catching!
revealed again: Tonghai earthquake 48 years ago
In 1970, a magnitude 7.8 earthquake occurred in Tonghai County, Yunnan Province, known in history as the "Tonghai Earthquake". This is the first major earthquake with more than 10,000 deaths since the founding of New China.
In that "red" era, after the earthquake, the central government proposed a sixteen-character policy: self-reliance, hard work, development of production, and reconstruction of home. The people in the disaster area took the initiative to propose three notes: don’t need relief food, don’t need relief funds, don’t need relief supplies. The propaganda slogan is: "Thousands of support, tens of support, sending Mao Zedong Thought is the greatest support." At that time, there were 160,000 people in Tonghai. More than 143,000 letters of condolence were received, and almost everyone could get one...
writer Liu Xinwu found a "secret letter"
By chance, Liu Xinwu borrowed a novel "Days" from his colleagues about life in Azhar University in Egypt. A colleague "accidentally" put a letter from home in the book. It was a "secret letter" sent from Tonghai County, Yunnan Province, which was reported to their relatives working in Beijing, saying that a major earthquake occurred in their hometown late at night on January 5 of that year, and the houses were almost flattened and many people were buried. The letter mentioned the names of many victims, from close relatives like brothers and sisters-in-law, nephews, uncles, uncles, and aunts in the family to classmates, a long list was listed.
More than thirty years later, Liu Xinwu, who has become a famous writer, still remembers the terrible "secret letter". He wrote in a memoir: "That night, under the dim light, I stood there for a long time, surprised. Did such a big earthquake happen in Yunnan on January 5? It has not been reported so much in the newspapers, nor has it been broadcast on the radio. If such a big earthquake really happened, so many colleagues and relatives alone died, how many people died in that area?"
In fact, it was not only Liu Xinwu who could not know the truth about the big earthquake. In that year, and even for a long time afterwards, most Chinese people did not know much about the big earthquake that occurred in Tonghai, Yunnan at 1 a.m. on January 5, 1970.
The shocking earthquake that has been kept secret for more than 30 years
Narration of an experienced person in Tonghai: I am a witness of the 7.8-magnitude earthquake in Tonghai in 1970. In the early 1990s, I began to investigate the earthquake I remembered, tried every means to collect relevant pictures and historical materials, traveled through the earthquake-stricken areas of that year, and interviewed many parties involved. Over the years, I have often wandered on this extraordinary land. The huge force from the underground has been silent, but the earthquake faults left on the surface, despite being eroded by wind and rain, still make me feel the pain of the twisting of the earth at that moment more than 40 years ago.
For a long time, the Chinese government has included the number of deaths from natural disasters in the category of state secrets, and this regulation was not abolished until 2005. It was in this year that I read the "Statistical Table of Earthquake Disasters" in the Yunnan Provincial Archives on June 15, 1970, and saw the following data: total deaths: 15,621; number of dead households: 836; number of serious injuries: 5,648; total house countdown: 166,117; number of orphans left behind: 261. This statistical material of was sealed in the archives as a "top secret" material at that time and in the next 30 years, and has never been officially disclosed to the public. I also found that although the earthquake affected a large area, the earthquake damage involved was only 8881 square kilometers, of which the area of the severely affected area was only 2400 square kilometers. The earthquake area of is distributed at the junction of Tonghai, Jianshui and Eshan counties, that is, within 824 square kilometers of both sides of Qujiang and . The number of deaths in these three counties reached 14,917. Accounts for more than 95% of the total death toll, including: 7479 people died in Jianshui County, 4426 people died in Tonghai County, and 3012 people died in Eshan County, especially Gaoda, Quxi, Dongshan, Hongqi , Jiujie, Xiaojie, Eshan Chengguan Town and other villages and towns with the largest number of deaths. The death toll in nearly 30 villages accounted for about 20% to 50% of the total number before the earthquake.
This was a stunning earthquake, but in that special era, the magnitude and earthquake disaster of this earthquake were strictly blocked for more than 30 years and were almost insulated from the public.
Earthquake, people are working hard!
Central sends a call to express condolences!
Someone warned: You can’t talk nonsense about the death of
I was less than 7 years old when the earthquake occurred. In my memory, at the moment when the earthquake occurred, the whole world was shaking, filled with huge sounds, and then fell into silence. However, this tranquility lasted only for a short time. I began to hear crying and the barking of dogs. There were all kinds of sounds, and I couldn't tell the difference, and it was all messy. Until now, I can't tell how my father rescued me, my mother, sister and younger brother from the collapsed house. I only remember that our family could not find the door, the patio, and could not find the way out. There was nothing we were familiar with. My parents took us to grop in the darkness, identify a direction, and keep climbing from the roof of this house to the roof of that house, and keep running away from the village. When I was crawling, I encountered dead people's hands, feet, or heads and faces many times. Looking back now, many people are not buried deep, some are killed by adobe bricks or poked to death by nails.
Only after dawn did I find that the men, women, young and old gathered in the glutinous field had all changed. Everyone's face, mouth and ears were covered with black dust, their noses were filled with dust, and their faces were black, just like black people. No one had white teeth, and his black teeth were exposed as soon as he opened his mouth. At that time, we kids found it very funny. Haha, why did everyone become like this?
At that time, I didn’t feel much fear, and my parents repeatedly told me not to go out of the glutinous rice field. However, soon after, I couldn't control myself, so I quietly walked out of the venue and saw dead bodies everywhere on the road outside the venue. Driven by curiosity, I simply let myself go and approached all kinds of corpses. Some of my heads were smashed open, with blood and brain everywhere; some of my hands and feet were broken, and my body was twisted; some of my eyes seemed to be unharmed, and I closed my eyes and seemed to be asleep, but I was actually dead. What's even more terrifying is that the adults kept carrying, holding or dragging such dead people one by one, adding more and more dead people. I counted quietly and there were eighty or ninety. It is said that in the next few days, we seem to have received some notification, so we are not allowed to say this number, we are not allowed to say how many people died, nor are we allowed to ask about it. Someone warned us that we should not talk nonsense about the matter of dead people and we should not settle accounts by fingers.
More than 10,000 lives died in the earthquake
In August 1995, I began to investigate the Tonghai earthquake. I feel it is my responsibility and I have to do it to be worthy of the more than 10,000 lives that died in the earthquake.
earthquake occurred at 1:00:37 am on January 5, 1970. The epicenter was near Wujie Village, Gaoda Township, Tonghai County. The epicenter was ten degrees strong and the depth of the epicenter was about 13 kilometers. The affected areas include Yuxi, Tonghai, Eshan and Huaning . All this is recorded in my "Investigation Notes".
More than Hekan Village is located next to a dry riverbed. During the earthquake, the dam body of about 260,000 cubic meters slides to the southeast low-concave terraced fields, 120 meters eastward and about 200 meters southward, causing this section of the ground to sink more than 2 meters and the fields to break into several sections, just like tofu under a random knife. The big trees on the river bank were rolled down with roots. There were nearly 50 houses in the village beside the river. After sliding 100-150 meters to the southeast along with the surface, roads, trees and farmland, all of them were destroyed. There are deep grooves and large troughs around it, which are unbearable to see. There were 438 people in the village, 105 people died and 71 people were seriously injured.
Gaoda Township on both sides of the Qujiang River, more than 2,300 of the more than 8,000 people died. In , 10 households in Pucong Village died in , and 613 people died in the village. Wujie Village, located at the epicenter, originally had 597 people and 194 people died, of which the youngest was just two hours old. There were 25 people in the Caozi Village, and 20 people died, leaving only two elderly people, a woman and two children. In Laomao Village, there were more than 150 people, and nearly 50% of them died.
The 7th Highway Construction Regiment stationed in Gaoda Township, 15 migrant workers who have just gotten off night shifts went to the kitchen to eat and roast the fire. During the earthquake, a thick wall of earth was pressed towards them. Before they could understand what was going on, many people standing were pressed from their heads toward their feet by the wall. When people dug them out, they saw a tragic scene frozen by the earthquake: 15 people turned into 15 meatballs, their deformed mouths still had food in their mouths, and the people who were roasting fire were burned to scorched corpses.
Eshan County has the habit of going to the market every 5 times. On the afternoon of January 4, many tourists and farmers who came to the market were gathered from all directions. The two-story hotel was full and floor shops were added on the aisle. During the earthquake, most of the passengers were killed and more than 200 people died.
More than 140 faculty and staff from Kunming University of Technology came from the provincial capital of Kunming to study at the "May 7th Cadre School" of Xiaojie Commune in Eshan County and received political baptism. According to the class division at that time, among the more than 140 people, more than 90 were "revolutionary masses" and more than 40 were "monsters" who deserved to be killed. More than 90 "revolutionary masses" lived in large farm warehouses with better conditions and lived a militarized collective life, while the more than 40 dictatorship targets who were engraved in another book lived in low "cowsheds". When the earthquake occurred, more than 90 "revolutionary masses" in the warehouse were neatly beaten to death on the bed by thick walls and huge roof trusses, and none of them were spared.
A certain unit of the People's Liberation Army stationed in the communications regiment barracks of Hongqi Commune (now Jinping Township) in Eshan County, they had just joined the army gloriously during the winter recruitment in 1969. They had not officially worn collar seals and hat badges on their uniforms. They were undergoing training here. The moment the earthquake occurred, the girls rushed out of the barracks at the speed of soldiers. Under the cold night sky, they stood in a daze in their underwear and panties. With a whistle sounded, the head of the army issued a mobilization order to "protect the oil depot". At this time, the female soldiers realized that they were wearing so little, and their shyness made them blush. They saw that their barracks still existed, so they rushed in to look for clothes. In a moment, a strong aftershock occurred, and the barracks collapsed immediately, and all the female soldiers died tragically in the house.
An old lady from Su family in Tonghai County recalled that in the year of the earthquake, they had 5 sons. The eldest son Su Wenyi was just 15 years old, and the youngest son Su Wenjun was less than 7 years old. That night, they took their five sons to spin asbestos at home, and they were spinning until 12 o'clock. As soon as they lay down, a major earthquake occurred. The couple shouted their sons' names anxiously and stayed up until dawn. The People's Liberation Army came and dug out five corpses that were crushed into strange shapes from the deep ruins.
Qian Xuede from Guanyin Village got married on January 4th. When he was having a new house at night, an earthquake occurred. He hurriedly grabbed the bride's hand and ran out.When he ran to the patio, a piece of wood hit the bride in the head. During the earthquake, four men and four women died in his family, leaving only him, his father and younger sister. When burying his relatives, he and his father tied the body with a leash, carried it up the mountain, and buried it in a hurry. The father and son spent 4 days digging 8 holes and going up the mountain 8 times.
There is a woman in the agency village who gave birth to a boy three or four days before the earthquake. During the earthquake, the woman and the baby were unfortunately killed, and people dug out the two of them and put them together. When they buried the other dead bodies and returned to bury the two of them, they suddenly found that the baby had woken up, not crying or screaming, and was pounced on his mother's body to suck milk.
Reminiscing the bitterness and sweetness in front of the earthquake ruins
sent more than 100,000 letters of condolences from all over the country, a large number of selected works of Mao Zedong, quotations from Chairman Mao, poems of Chairman Mao and seals of Chairman Mao.
People in the disaster area held up the Red Book and shouted the slogans of earthquake relief and disaster relief
Central condolences team went to Tonghai earthquake-stricken areas to visit
Earthquake scientists have witnessed the strange phenomena before the earthquake
In the winter of 1969, a climate abnormality occurred throughout the Qujiang Valley, which runs through Jianshui, Tonghai and Eshan. This area with a total length of 120 kilometers is called the "Qujiang Fault Zone" by seismologists. In the Chinese seismology community, the first person to turn his attention to the southwest was Mr. Li Siguang, an outstanding geologist in China. As early as 1965, Mr. Li Siguang personally guided the establishment of the Southwest Earthquake Geological Brigade. He particularly emphasized that we should pay attention to the research on fault zones in geological structure in Yunnan, and many of these fault zones are still active frequently. In December 1968, Li Siguang once again proposed that we should seriously study the geological structure of the southwest region, especially in some key areas, and strengthen monitoring work. At the end of November 1969, in accordance with Mr. Li Siguang's instructions, the Southwest Geological Seismic Brigade sent people to conduct a field investigation. They were divided into 4 groups, one of which was assigned to Tonghai. They arrived in Tonghai in early December 1969 and selected a new house in Taomao Village as their "revolutionary base". In fact, the Taomao Village where they live is very close to Wujie Village, the epicenter of the Tonghai earthquake, when the Tonghai earthquake occurred, and it only takes more than ten minutes to walk. They have been inspecting the area around Zhang Lao Village and Gunniang Village. They have been picking stones on the hillside during the day and brought them back to knock and beat them at night. During that period, they saw the bamboos in front of and behind the house suddenly blooming, and strings of purple, blue and purple flowers swaying in the wind, as if they wanted to tell them some secrets? The peach blossoms and pear blossoms in front and behind the village also bloomed in this cold winter. On the hillside, many unknown wild flowers are also blooming, with a splendid and beautiful flower. For these beautiful scenes, they could not feel the breath of spring. On the contrary, their expressions began to become nervous and uneasy. The brighter the flowers in front of them and the greener the trees, they felt more depressed in their hearts. Because they know that the trees bloom and bear fruit during this season must be due to the increase in underground temperatures, which awakened the plants in hibernation. However, due to the technological level at that time, they were unable to confirm that there would be major earthquakes in this area.
This geological investigation team inspected Tonghai for more than a month. When they withdrew their troops back to the camp and quietly withdrew from Gaoda Commune, it was January 4, 1970. They returned to the county town and stayed at Tonghai County People's Hotel. In the People's Hotel, the waitress named Liu couldn't get out of the well. After a closer look, it turned out that there was no water in the well, and it was full of streams of white sand. There was no running water at that time, and domestic water was all based on water wells. The waitress named Liu was very anxious and at a loss about this. Several members of the geological investigation team helped her to lay the well together. They even found two carts of white sand, but in the end there was no water. At that time, they didn't realize that there was an earthquake, so they could not get out of water. So, they returned to their room to rest, then sorted out the inspection materials, and prepared to report the situation of the sea to the Central Earthquake Working Group immediately after returning to Kunming. At night, they felt very stuffy in the room and could not stay in the room, so they made an appointment to stroll on the street.In 1970, there was still an old city wall in Tonghai County, so they walked along the old city wall. When they walked to the Cross Street (now the Xinhua Bookstore area), they saw an old man bursting with popcorn and the fragrance blew over. At the same time, they also found that there were a lot of mice on the street, and they were very large, running out in groups and fleeing everywhere. The people who were waiting for popcorn around the old man, didn't beat the mice when they saw them, and watched the big mice run past their feet or beside them. They felt very strange, how could so many big mice suddenly appear on the street? One of the inspection team members explained, "Look at how fragrant the popcorn that old man exposes, it lures the big mouse out of the hole, and it's not afraid of people." That night, at 1 a.m. on the 5th, a major earthquake occurred.
After the earthquake, I thought it was a nuclear war that broke out.
On the night of the earthquake, we encountered a strange weather. It was so hot that everyone could not fall asleep before the earthquake, but after the earthquake, it became cold again. At that time, we saw that the village was filled with firewood from villagers coming up the mountain, so our parents brought a pile of them in the center of the venue to light them up to keep warm. But soon a few militia arrived and ordered everyone to put out the fire as soon as possible. The militia said that the above notification that when the war broke out, the enemy's planes were about to fly over. If we had fire here, we would be discovered by enemy planes, and the enemy planes would throw bombs at us, and the village would suffer. As he said that, the militiamen took action together and put out the fire.
In fact, that year, the radio said that it was going to fight, and the adults also said that it was going to fight, and they were busy digging air raid shelters at the foot of the mountain. The shadow of war has always been looming in people's hearts. So after the earthquake, many people believed that a nuclear war broke out between China and the Soviet Union. In people's imagination, only nuclear war can have such great destructive power and cause so many casualties. At that time, Li Zude, director of the Revolutionary Committee of Gaoda Commune, said: After the severe earthquake, all 10 people in my family were buried under the collapsed earth wall. A thought flashed in my mind. Did the emperor, cultivator, and launched a war of aggression against our country? I am the director of the Commune Revolutionary Committee and should immediately call the militia into the battle.
A primary school teacher named Zhang said: When the earthquake occurred, all the old houses I lived in collapsed. I struggled to climb out and saw that under the faint moonlight, the entire village had become ruins and rubble, and the sounds of crying and crying for help were heard. I thought at the time that the enemy's atomic bomb must have been dropped in, which caused such a tragic scene. Pu Xiuying from Wu Street said: After the earthquake, someone came to ask us to go up the mountain to hide, not to cry or ignite the fire. After dawn, we are not allowed to wear red clothes. An old man from the extreme shock zone told me that after the earthquake, a large piece of land sank at the entrance of their village. Some people said that it was a bomb crater from the atomic bomb explosion.
Wujie Village said that because we thought it was a war breaking out and we were afraid of enemy planes coming to bomb, we were not allowed to ignite the fire at night, and it was pitch black everywhere. How can we save people? At that time, 315 people were buried under the rubble in the soil in our village. Everyone rescued 121 people in the dark, and many of them were buried to death because they had no time to save them. If the fire is allowed, our village can rescue at least 60 people.
0 thousand support, ten thousand support,
sent Mao Zedong Thought is the biggest support
After the earthquake, the central government proposed a sixteen-character policy: self-reliance, hard work, development of production, and reconstruction of home. The people in the disaster area took the initiative to propose three things: don’t need relief food, don’t need relief funds, don’t need relief supplies. The loudest propaganda slogan at that time was: "Thousands of support, tens of support, sending Mao Zedong Thought is the greatest support." Therefore, "Selected Works of Mao Zedong", "Quotes of Chairman Mao", "Poems of Chairman Mao" and Chairman Mao's Magistrate were in large quantities, and they were continuously transported from truck to truck. At the same time, there are also letters of condolences from all over the country, which are also sent overwhelmingly. At that time, there were 160,000 people in Tonghai, and more than 143,000 letters of condolence were received in Tonghai alone, and almost everyone could get one.At that time, the people in the disaster area believed that they could overcome all difficulties by just arming Mao Zedong Thought, so they almost didn't accept anything other than the "Red Book" and letters of condolences. As a result, the disaster of this major earthquake was not only obscured, but also completely rejected international aid and even blocked domestic aid.
I remember that after the earthquake, we often followed the adults to keep shouting slogans such as "We are not afraid of earthquakes, we are not afraid of one thousand, and ten thousand" and "We must double the amount of earthquakes lost, and we must make the earth repay the earth." When shouting such slogans, everyone seems to be really strong, no difficulties exist, and no need to be afraid of any disaster. But after the slogan is finished, people still have to face the fragmented home, the pain of losing relatives, and the difficulty of rebuilding their homes, many people are involuntarily afraid and cry, and the sobs of sobs and howlings that cry one after another. During the interview, Wu Guanggui from Xia Village in Wujie once told me that after the earthquake, the whole village people were hungry and had no food to eat. He was very anxious. After discussing with the leaders of the production team, he borrowed 500 kilograms of rice from the commune grain station and gathered the affected people to make a big pot of porridge and drink it until after the Spring Festival. The next autumn, every household raised some grain and paid off the 500 kilograms of rice from the grain station. In addition, after the earthquake, the house where the victims lived was a temporary straw shed, and they lived there for one or two years. The straw shed is prone to fire, and many victims suffered fires after losing their homes and relatives in the earthquake. I saw with my own eyes that dozens of straw huts on the gravel field in Changhe Brigade caught fire one night and burned for more than an hour. The little clothes, grain, buckets, and pots and bowls rescued by the victims from the earthquake ruins were burned out, and many victims were so desperate that they cried out.
Unforgettable Beijing Medical Team
On January 5, Beijing quickly summoned the first batch of medical teams. That night, 72 team members arrived in Kunming by special plane and then rushed to Tonghai by car. I clearly remember that after the Beijing medical team arrived in June 1st Village, they soon built tents and oil saut rooms on a large playground and gravel yard in front of the primary school. All the victims who were unconscious, had broken hands, could not lift their necks, and could not walk were sent to the medical team. At that time, for Yunnan in remote areas, the medical team from Beijing brought them more than just medical skills and medicine.
What impressed me most was that the doctors held the hands of the wounded and the villagers and said, "We were sent by Chairman Mao!" "Chairman Mao sent us to rescue you and treat you." "We are a family, and you can say whatever you have." When many villagers heard this, they quickly thanked Chairman Mao and shouted, "Long live Chairman Mao!"
The doctors let the injured patients stay in the tent and were sleeping outside. Some doctors even use their hands to dig out the anus for the injured who cannot defecate. Some female doctors also gave their coats to the victims who were frozen. When encountering wounded people who need blood transfusions, all medical staff will rush to ask for blood donation to the wounded.
, many villagers still remember these when I interviewed them.
Note: Recommended reading, "30 Years of the Tonghai Earthquake" written by Tonghai writer Yang Yang.
expresses condolences to the victims of the Tonghai earthquake in 1970!
(This article is compiled from the Internet and is only used to review history)
earthquake occurred at 1:00:37 am on January 5, 1970. The epicenter was near Wujie Village, Gaoda Township, Tonghai County. The epicenter was ten degrees strong and the depth of the epicenter was about 13 kilometers. The affected areas include Yuxi, Tonghai, Eshan and Huaning . All this is recorded in my "Investigation Notes".
More than Hekan Village is located next to a dry riverbed. During the earthquake, the dam body of about 260,000 cubic meters slides to the southeast low-concave terraced fields, 120 meters eastward and about 200 meters southward, causing this section of the ground to sink more than 2 meters and the fields to break into several sections, just like tofu under a random knife. The big trees on the river bank were rolled down with roots. There were nearly 50 houses in the village beside the river. After sliding 100-150 meters to the southeast along with the surface, roads, trees and farmland, all of them were destroyed. There are deep grooves and large troughs around it, which are unbearable to see. There were 438 people in the village, 105 people died and 71 people were seriously injured.
Gaoda Township on both sides of the Qujiang River, more than 2,300 of the more than 8,000 people died. In , 10 households in Pucong Village died in , and 613 people died in the village. Wujie Village, located at the epicenter, originally had 597 people and 194 people died, of which the youngest was just two hours old. There were 25 people in the Caozi Village, and 20 people died, leaving only two elderly people, a woman and two children. In Laomao Village, there were more than 150 people, and nearly 50% of them died.
The 7th Highway Construction Regiment stationed in Gaoda Township, 15 migrant workers who have just gotten off night shifts went to the kitchen to eat and roast the fire. During the earthquake, a thick wall of earth was pressed towards them. Before they could understand what was going on, many people standing were pressed from their heads toward their feet by the wall. When people dug them out, they saw a tragic scene frozen by the earthquake: 15 people turned into 15 meatballs, their deformed mouths still had food in their mouths, and the people who were roasting fire were burned to scorched corpses.
Eshan County has the habit of going to the market every 5 times. On the afternoon of January 4, many tourists and farmers who came to the market were gathered from all directions. The two-story hotel was full and floor shops were added on the aisle. During the earthquake, most of the passengers were killed and more than 200 people died.
More than 140 faculty and staff from Kunming University of Technology came from the provincial capital of Kunming to study at the "May 7th Cadre School" of Xiaojie Commune in Eshan County and received political baptism. According to the class division at that time, among the more than 140 people, more than 90 were "revolutionary masses" and more than 40 were "monsters" who deserved to be killed. More than 90 "revolutionary masses" lived in large farm warehouses with better conditions and lived a militarized collective life, while the more than 40 dictatorship targets who were engraved in another book lived in low "cowsheds". When the earthquake occurred, more than 90 "revolutionary masses" in the warehouse were neatly beaten to death on the bed by thick walls and huge roof trusses, and none of them were spared.
A certain unit of the People's Liberation Army stationed in the communications regiment barracks of Hongqi Commune (now Jinping Township) in Eshan County, they had just joined the army gloriously during the winter recruitment in 1969. They had not officially worn collar seals and hat badges on their uniforms. They were undergoing training here. The moment the earthquake occurred, the girls rushed out of the barracks at the speed of soldiers. Under the cold night sky, they stood in a daze in their underwear and panties. With a whistle sounded, the head of the army issued a mobilization order to "protect the oil depot". At this time, the female soldiers realized that they were wearing so little, and their shyness made them blush. They saw that their barracks still existed, so they rushed in to look for clothes. In a moment, a strong aftershock occurred, and the barracks collapsed immediately, and all the female soldiers died tragically in the house.
An old lady from Su family in Tonghai County recalled that in the year of the earthquake, they had 5 sons. The eldest son Su Wenyi was just 15 years old, and the youngest son Su Wenjun was less than 7 years old. That night, they took their five sons to spin asbestos at home, and they were spinning until 12 o'clock. As soon as they lay down, a major earthquake occurred. The couple shouted their sons' names anxiously and stayed up until dawn. The People's Liberation Army came and dug out five corpses that were crushed into strange shapes from the deep ruins.
Qian Xuede from Guanyin Village got married on January 4th. When he was having a new house at night, an earthquake occurred. He hurriedly grabbed the bride's hand and ran out.When he ran to the patio, a piece of wood hit the bride in the head. During the earthquake, four men and four women died in his family, leaving only him, his father and younger sister. When burying his relatives, he and his father tied the body with a leash, carried it up the mountain, and buried it in a hurry. The father and son spent 4 days digging 8 holes and going up the mountain 8 times.
There is a woman in the agency village who gave birth to a boy three or four days before the earthquake. During the earthquake, the woman and the baby were unfortunately killed, and people dug out the two of them and put them together. When they buried the other dead bodies and returned to bury the two of them, they suddenly found that the baby had woken up, not crying or screaming, and was pounced on his mother's body to suck milk.
Reminiscing the bitterness and sweetness in front of the earthquake ruins
sent more than 100,000 letters of condolences from all over the country, a large number of selected works of Mao Zedong, quotations from Chairman Mao, poems of Chairman Mao and seals of Chairman Mao.
People in the disaster area held up the Red Book and shouted the slogans of earthquake relief and disaster relief
Central condolences team went to Tonghai earthquake-stricken areas to visit
Earthquake scientists have witnessed the strange phenomena before the earthquake
In the winter of 1969, a climate abnormality occurred throughout the Qujiang Valley, which runs through Jianshui, Tonghai and Eshan. This area with a total length of 120 kilometers is called the "Qujiang Fault Zone" by seismologists. In the Chinese seismology community, the first person to turn his attention to the southwest was Mr. Li Siguang, an outstanding geologist in China. As early as 1965, Mr. Li Siguang personally guided the establishment of the Southwest Earthquake Geological Brigade. He particularly emphasized that we should pay attention to the research on fault zones in geological structure in Yunnan, and many of these fault zones are still active frequently. In December 1968, Li Siguang once again proposed that we should seriously study the geological structure of the southwest region, especially in some key areas, and strengthen monitoring work. At the end of November 1969, in accordance with Mr. Li Siguang's instructions, the Southwest Geological Seismic Brigade sent people to conduct a field investigation. They were divided into 4 groups, one of which was assigned to Tonghai. They arrived in Tonghai in early December 1969 and selected a new house in Taomao Village as their "revolutionary base". In fact, the Taomao Village where they live is very close to Wujie Village, the epicenter of the Tonghai earthquake, when the Tonghai earthquake occurred, and it only takes more than ten minutes to walk. They have been inspecting the area around Zhang Lao Village and Gunniang Village. They have been picking stones on the hillside during the day and brought them back to knock and beat them at night. During that period, they saw the bamboos in front of and behind the house suddenly blooming, and strings of purple, blue and purple flowers swaying in the wind, as if they wanted to tell them some secrets? The peach blossoms and pear blossoms in front and behind the village also bloomed in this cold winter. On the hillside, many unknown wild flowers are also blooming, with a splendid and beautiful flower. For these beautiful scenes, they could not feel the breath of spring. On the contrary, their expressions began to become nervous and uneasy. The brighter the flowers in front of them and the greener the trees, they felt more depressed in their hearts. Because they know that the trees bloom and bear fruit during this season must be due to the increase in underground temperatures, which awakened the plants in hibernation. However, due to the technological level at that time, they were unable to confirm that there would be major earthquakes in this area.
This geological investigation team inspected Tonghai for more than a month. When they withdrew their troops back to the camp and quietly withdrew from Gaoda Commune, it was January 4, 1970. They returned to the county town and stayed at Tonghai County People's Hotel. In the People's Hotel, the waitress named Liu couldn't get out of the well. After a closer look, it turned out that there was no water in the well, and it was full of streams of white sand. There was no running water at that time, and domestic water was all based on water wells. The waitress named Liu was very anxious and at a loss about this. Several members of the geological investigation team helped her to lay the well together. They even found two carts of white sand, but in the end there was no water. At that time, they didn't realize that there was an earthquake, so they could not get out of water. So, they returned to their room to rest, then sorted out the inspection materials, and prepared to report the situation of the sea to the Central Earthquake Working Group immediately after returning to Kunming. At night, they felt very stuffy in the room and could not stay in the room, so they made an appointment to stroll on the street.In 1970, there was still an old city wall in Tonghai County, so they walked along the old city wall. When they walked to the Cross Street (now the Xinhua Bookstore area), they saw an old man bursting with popcorn and the fragrance blew over. At the same time, they also found that there were a lot of mice on the street, and they were very large, running out in groups and fleeing everywhere. The people who were waiting for popcorn around the old man, didn't beat the mice when they saw them, and watched the big mice run past their feet or beside them. They felt very strange, how could so many big mice suddenly appear on the street? One of the inspection team members explained, "Look at how fragrant the popcorn that old man exposes, it lures the big mouse out of the hole, and it's not afraid of people." That night, at 1 a.m. on the 5th, a major earthquake occurred.
After the earthquake, I thought it was a nuclear war that broke out.
On the night of the earthquake, we encountered a strange weather. It was so hot that everyone could not fall asleep before the earthquake, but after the earthquake, it became cold again. At that time, we saw that the village was filled with firewood from villagers coming up the mountain, so our parents brought a pile of them in the center of the venue to light them up to keep warm. But soon a few militia arrived and ordered everyone to put out the fire as soon as possible. The militia said that the above notification that when the war broke out, the enemy's planes were about to fly over. If we had fire here, we would be discovered by enemy planes, and the enemy planes would throw bombs at us, and the village would suffer. As he said that, the militiamen took action together and put out the fire.
In fact, that year, the radio said that it was going to fight, and the adults also said that it was going to fight, and they were busy digging air raid shelters at the foot of the mountain. The shadow of war has always been looming in people's hearts. So after the earthquake, many people believed that a nuclear war broke out between China and the Soviet Union. In people's imagination, only nuclear war can have such great destructive power and cause so many casualties. At that time, Li Zude, director of the Revolutionary Committee of Gaoda Commune, said: After the severe earthquake, all 10 people in my family were buried under the collapsed earth wall. A thought flashed in my mind. Did the emperor, cultivator, and launched a war of aggression against our country? I am the director of the Commune Revolutionary Committee and should immediately call the militia into the battle.
A primary school teacher named Zhang said: When the earthquake occurred, all the old houses I lived in collapsed. I struggled to climb out and saw that under the faint moonlight, the entire village had become ruins and rubble, and the sounds of crying and crying for help were heard. I thought at the time that the enemy's atomic bomb must have been dropped in, which caused such a tragic scene. Pu Xiuying from Wu Street said: After the earthquake, someone came to ask us to go up the mountain to hide, not to cry or ignite the fire. After dawn, we are not allowed to wear red clothes. An old man from the extreme shock zone told me that after the earthquake, a large piece of land sank at the entrance of their village. Some people said that it was a bomb crater from the atomic bomb explosion.
Wujie Village said that because we thought it was a war breaking out and we were afraid of enemy planes coming to bomb, we were not allowed to ignite the fire at night, and it was pitch black everywhere. How can we save people? At that time, 315 people were buried under the rubble in the soil in our village. Everyone rescued 121 people in the dark, and many of them were buried to death because they had no time to save them. If the fire is allowed, our village can rescue at least 60 people.
0 thousand support, ten thousand support,
sent Mao Zedong Thought is the biggest support
After the earthquake, the central government proposed a sixteen-character policy: self-reliance, hard work, development of production, and reconstruction of home. The people in the disaster area took the initiative to propose three things: don’t need relief food, don’t need relief funds, don’t need relief supplies. The loudest propaganda slogan at that time was: "Thousands of support, tens of support, sending Mao Zedong Thought is the greatest support." Therefore, "Selected Works of Mao Zedong", "Quotes of Chairman Mao", "Poems of Chairman Mao" and Chairman Mao's Magistrate were in large quantities, and they were continuously transported from truck to truck. At the same time, there are also letters of condolences from all over the country, which are also sent overwhelmingly. At that time, there were 160,000 people in Tonghai, and more than 143,000 letters of condolence were received in Tonghai alone, and almost everyone could get one.At that time, the people in the disaster area believed that they could overcome all difficulties by just arming Mao Zedong Thought, so they almost didn't accept anything other than the "Red Book" and letters of condolences. As a result, the disaster of this major earthquake was not only obscured, but also completely rejected international aid and even blocked domestic aid.
I remember that after the earthquake, we often followed the adults to keep shouting slogans such as "We are not afraid of earthquakes, we are not afraid of one thousand, and ten thousand" and "We must double the amount of earthquakes lost, and we must make the earth repay the earth." When shouting such slogans, everyone seems to be really strong, no difficulties exist, and no need to be afraid of any disaster. But after the slogan is finished, people still have to face the fragmented home, the pain of losing relatives, and the difficulty of rebuilding their homes, many people are involuntarily afraid and cry, and the sobs of sobs and howlings that cry one after another. During the interview, Wu Guanggui from Xia Village in Wujie once told me that after the earthquake, the whole village people were hungry and had no food to eat. He was very anxious. After discussing with the leaders of the production team, he borrowed 500 kilograms of rice from the commune grain station and gathered the affected people to make a big pot of porridge and drink it until after the Spring Festival. The next autumn, every household raised some grain and paid off the 500 kilograms of rice from the grain station. In addition, after the earthquake, the house where the victims lived was a temporary straw shed, and they lived there for one or two years. The straw shed is prone to fire, and many victims suffered fires after losing their homes and relatives in the earthquake. I saw with my own eyes that dozens of straw huts on the gravel field in Changhe Brigade caught fire one night and burned for more than an hour. The little clothes, grain, buckets, and pots and bowls rescued by the victims from the earthquake ruins were burned out, and many victims were so desperate that they cried out.
Unforgettable Beijing Medical Team
On January 5, Beijing quickly summoned the first batch of medical teams. That night, 72 team members arrived in Kunming by special plane and then rushed to Tonghai by car. I clearly remember that after the Beijing medical team arrived in June 1st Village, they soon built tents and oil saut rooms on a large playground and gravel yard in front of the primary school. All the victims who were unconscious, had broken hands, could not lift their necks, and could not walk were sent to the medical team. At that time, for Yunnan in remote areas, the medical team from Beijing brought them more than just medical skills and medicine.
What impressed me most was that the doctors held the hands of the wounded and the villagers and said, "We were sent by Chairman Mao!" "Chairman Mao sent us to rescue you and treat you." "We are a family, and you can say whatever you have." When many villagers heard this, they quickly thanked Chairman Mao and shouted, "Long live Chairman Mao!"
The doctors let the injured patients stay in the tent and were sleeping outside. Some doctors even use their hands to dig out the anus for the injured who cannot defecate. Some female doctors also gave their coats to the victims who were frozen. When encountering wounded people who need blood transfusions, all medical staff will rush to ask for blood donation to the wounded.
, many villagers still remember these when I interviewed them.
Note: Recommended reading, "30 Years of the Tonghai Earthquake" written by Tonghai writer Yang Yang.
expresses condolences to the victims of the Tonghai earthquake in 1970!
(This article is compiled from the Internet and is only used to review history)
