Battle of Angeli Leonardo da Vinci
Leonardo da Vinci (Leonardo da Vinci (April 15, 1452 - May 2, 1519, Aries), also translated as Leonardo da Vinci, whose full name is Leonardo di Serpiero da Vinci, was an Italian Renaissance man A polymath in many fields, he was also an architect, anatomy Writer, artist, engineer, mathematician, and inventor. His endless curiosity and creativity made him a typical artist during the Renaissance. He was also one of the most famous painters in history and the most perfect representative of the entire European Renaissance. . He completed few works in his lifetime, but almost all of them are immortal masterpieces. His works have a distinct personal style from beginning to end, and he is particularly good at combining artistic creation with scientific discussion, which is unique in the history of world art. He, Michelangelo and Raphael are known as the "Three Masters of Renaissance Art".
Pictures Sketches of the Battle of Angeli
Leonardo da Vinci's parents were landowners and peasant women. He was born and raised in Vinci near Florence, Italy. The inspirational Leonardo da Vinci is famous for the realism and influence of his paintings. The former, such as "Mona Lisa" and "The Last Supper", are famous for their realism, while the latter, such as "Vitruvian Man", is famous for its realism. It has far-reaching influence on later generations. He had a wide range of ideas that surpassed those of the time. His famous conceptual inventions include helicopters, tanks, solar focusing applications, computers, the basic principles of plate tectonics, double shells and many other ideas. But during his lifetime, only a few of these many designs were built or feasible; the metallurgy and engineering techniques used in modern science were only in their infancy during the Renaissance. Only a handful of paintings from his oeuvre survive, plus manuscripts including drawings, scientific diagrams, and notes scattered among various collections. The scope of scientific research covered in his notes is extremely broad, covering almost everything from physics and mathematics to physiological anatomy; his technological inventions cover all aspects of civilian, military, engineering, machinery, etc.
Appreciation of Leonardo da Vinci's Last Supper:
Da Vinci's Last Supper HD
The Last Supper Italy Leonardo da Vinci Fresco Vertical 469 × Horizontal 880 cm Milan Santa Maria Convent Collection
"The Last Supper" is a mural painted for the restaurant of Santa Maria Convent in Milan. It is based on the most important story in the " Bible " and has also been used by many people before Leonardo da Vinci. Depicted by religious painters. But in the past, all painters had a common feature in their artistic image processing: they separated Judas from the disciples and painted them opposite the dining table, in a position of being judged in isolation. This is because painters cannot express people's complex inner emotions, and it is difficult to distinguish between good and evil in terms of images. Because Leonardo da Vinci made in-depth observations and studies on human image and psychology, he was able to discern and express the subtle psychological activities of characters from their movements, postures, and expressions. This fresco shows the final farewell scene of Jesus and his disciples before his arrest. The clever composition and ingenious management layout closely connect the hall on the picture with the dining room structure in life. The picture fills the monastery cafeteria. The entire wall of the hall makes the viewer feel as if the scene in the painting is happening right in front of them.
Birch Forest Sketch
In terms of the layout of the characters, it changes the layout of the "Last Supper" that was drawn by the predecessors and seated around the table. Instead, all the characters sit in a row facing outwards, and Jesus sits in the middle, so that each character has full It is expressive without making the picture cluttered and scattered. With Jesus at the center, there are two groups of figures on the left and right, and the characters of all are vividly expressed in their actions and gestures. Leonardo da Vinci chose a key moment to depict.
Satire Caricature Sketch
Da Vinci's painting has abandoned all the shortcomings of this theme in the past. From the characters' activities, personality, emotions and psychological reactions, it deepens the moral of the story. Through Jesus and Judas The conflict reflects the opposition between human justice and evil.In fact, what it shows is the epitome of the struggle between light and darkness that all upright people in Italian society at that time could see.
Weird man avatar
The center of the picture is Jesus. When he learned that he had been betrayed by a traitor, he said to his disciples at the last supper: "One of you has betrayed me." At this time, the surrounding disciples were in an uproar: some screamed, some were indignant, and some confessed themselves... The traitor Judas mixed in the crowd showed different expressions and movements. He covered his money bag and half-tilted it. His body could not hide the deceitfulness in his heart. Jesus' calm demeanor contrasted with Judas's despicable qualities. The painter attached great importance to the overall structure and perspective of the picture. After careful consideration, he concentrated all perspective lines on the head of Jesus. The other figures were also divided into several combinations, which were different from each other and echoed each other. Because the painter pays attention to the external expression of the character's psychological state, he captures the typical image language that expresses the character's personality.
Seated man and water flowing past obstacles
This painting is 4.6 meters high and 8.8 meters wide. The picture uses the principle of perspective to make the audience feel that the room has naturally extended with the picture. To frame the composition, the apostles sit closer than normal for a meal and are divided into four groups, creating wavy layers around Jesus. The closer the disciples got to Jesus, the more excited they became. Jesus sits in the middle, with his hands spread out and calm, in sharp contrast to the nervous disciples around him. Outside the door behind Jesus is a peaceful scene, with the bright sky above his head like a halo. His eyes stared outside the painting, as if he had seen through all the heat and coldness in the world. The window in the painting of the Last Supper shows daytime, so it has been cited as one of the suspects. In addition, there is an extra hand in this painting that does not belong to anyone, which is the hand located at the waist of Peter (4th from left). This is the most mysterious part of this painting.
The Last Supper scene character introduction
The twelve disciples sat along the table, forming four groups, and Jesus sat in the center of the table. He spread his hands in a sad gesture, signaling that one of his disciples had betrayed him.
Most of the disciples jumped up in excitement, but the image of Jesus was so calm. We can see his clear outline set off in the window on the background wall. Through the window, we see the tranquil scenery, and the blue sky surrounds the head of Jesus like a halo.
Anatomical Study of the Male Shoulder
In the group to the right of Jesus, we see a dark face, leaning back, as if retreating from Jesus. His elbows were resting on the dining table and he was clutching a money bag. We know he is the traitor, Judas.
The money bag in Judas' hand is a symbol of him. It reminds us that he is the person who kept the money for Jesus and other disciples. The money bag contains the reward of thirty pieces of silver for betraying Jesus.
Even if he is not holding the money bag, we can identify the sinful enemy Judas through the way Leonardo da Vinci painted.
Next to the side shadow of Judas is St. Peter. We can also see his silver hair and white hands, leaning towards the young St. John. Peter's right hand hanging on his hip was holding a knife, and as if by accident, the tip of the knife was pointed at Judas' back.
The frightened horse
St. John's head hung toward Peter. Of all the disciples, he was Jesus' favorite. John was as calm as Jesus, having understood his Master's words.
To the left of Jesus is little James. He spreads his hands wide and screams as he tries to understand the terrible words he hears.
Looking over Little James's shoulder, we see St. Thomas, puzzled Thomas, his doubtful look expressed by his raised finger.
小James On the other side, St. Philip leaned toward Jesus, putting his hands on his chest as if to say: "You know my heart, and you know that I will never betray you." Love and loyalty, showing an expression of distress.
The six disciples surrounding Jesus are at the center of the story.
Bartholomew and old Jacob's bodies leaned towards them, and old Andrew beside them did not stand up, but he wanted to listen, so he raised his hands as if to ask for silence.
Landscape
The last three disciples are left on the right. They are discussing what Jesus said, and their fingers are pointing to the center of the table.
On the eve of the Passover celebration, Jesus and his twelve disciples sat at the table to celebrate the Passover meal. There were thirteen people at the table, and this was their last dinner together.
Everything they saw happened in this great work, but every time we admire it, we gain new meaning from the emotions and characters of the disciples.
In the painting "The Last Supper", there are many buns on the table. Arranging them in musical order can create a song of nearly one minute. The tune is very sad. With the computer technology of later generations, it was discovered that if Mary's body was moved to the right side of Jesus, it was found that Mary's head rested on Jesus' shoulder. Moreover, the hand holding the knife was probably in Jesus’ right hand.
Helmeted Warrior
The Last Supper Composition
This painting is the most famous work of Leonardo da Vinci's life. Among many paintings of the same theme, this painting is recognized as an unprecedented work, especially fascinating for its ingenious conception, excellent layout, realistic details and strict decent relationship. When composing the picture, he displayed the picture on the entire wall at one end of the dining room. The perspective composition of the hall is connected with the architectural structure of the dining room, making the viewer feel as if they are actually there.
In this painting, Leonardo da Vinci conceived this theme in this way. He symmetrically designed the physical movements of the six disciples on both sides:
The group on the left is composed of Bartolomeo, Andrea , James the Younger. Bartholomew seemed to suspect that his ears had heard wrongly. He jumped up from his seat, put his hands on the table, and faced Jesus with emotion; Andrei opened his hands with his fingers pointing upward. Little Jacob, caught in the middle, nervously reached out from behind to the shoulder of the fourth person, forming a connection between the two groups. All three are facing Jesus.
The right group consists of Matthew, Thaddaeus and Simon. After hearing the appalling news, the three people started talking spontaneously, and all three people stretched their hands toward the center of the picture. The group on the right in
is Thomas , James the Elder, and Philip. Thomas stretched out a finger, as if asking the teacher: "Is there a man who wants to betray you?" The old Jacob sitting next to him opened his hands and expressed surprise: "How terrible this is!" Young Philip Then he covered his chest with his hands, as if to say: "Are you suspecting that I have betrayed the teacher?" Peter, John and Judas in the left group in
are the most expressive and are also the main characters in the painting. John, who was sitting next to Jesus, tilted his body with his eyes downward, crossed his fingers on his hands, and placed them weakly on the table, making a sad gesture. The fiery Peter was very emotional. He jumped up from his seat and seemed to ask John, who is the traitor? He already had a knife in his hand that had just been used to cut bread, and he accidentally put it close to Judas' side. As for Judas, Leonardo da Vinci adopted a special way of expression: after hearing Jesus' words, Judas was nervous, leaning back slightly, with his right arm on the table, and holding the money bag tightly with his right hand, showing an uncontrollable expression. Horrified. Among the thirteen men, only Judas had a gloomy face.
Jesus, sitting in the center, spreads his hands and turns his head to one side with a helpless and indifferent expression, which strengthens the changing rhythm of the four groups of tasks on both sides and makes the scene more dramatic. As for these twelve people, due to their different ages, personalities and identities, their expressions of surprise and doubt were also expressed appropriately. The characters echo and connect with each other, and their emotions are not isolated. This is the most important and most successful psychological description factor of Leonardo da Vinci. The ancient aesthetic principle of "unity in diversity" has been unprecedentedly effective in this painting by Leonardo da Vinci.The artistic achievement of this masterpiece lies in the treatment of space and background. Leonardo da Vinci used the limited space on the wall of the canteen to create a profound sense of the picture using perspective, as if the dinner scene took place in this canteen. inside. He correctly calculated the perspective distance from the ground so that the horizontal line was exactly consistent with the composition of the figures and the table in the painting, creating a psychological illusion for the audience, as if they were witnessing this scene of a biblical story with their own eyes. In the background of this painting, there are rows of partitions, windows, ceilings and various decorations on the wall behind it. Its "centripetal force" composition is a symmetrical form to achieve a balanced solemnity. If it is not used well, it will be very difficult. It is easy to create a dull feeling. Light and shade are expressed using the light projected from the window on the upper left wall. All the figures are painted in the sunlight and appear very clear, except Judas's face and part of his body are in dark shadows. This symbolic suggestion technique was started by Leonardo da Vinci in painting.
"The Last Supper" is a mural painted by Leonardo da Vinci for the refectory of the Santa Maria Monastery in Milan. It is based on the story of Jesus being betrayed by his disciple Judas in the Bible. In this work, Leonardo da Vinci brilliantly depicts the instant expressions of Jesus' 12 disciples after he said the words "One of you has betrayed me" at the dinner. Through the different expressions of each person, we can gain insight into their personality and complex mentality. The layout of the picture highlights Jesus, and the disciples echo him from left to right. Jesus sitting in the center is solemn and solemn, and the bright windows in the background highlight his uprightness. The traitor Judas is in the darkest part of the picture, with a panicked expression, which indicates that he has a dirty and ugly heart, which is in sharp contrast to Jesus. Therefore, in teaching, students should be allowed to understand the characteristics of the master's composition, be able to combine the facial expressions and psychological descriptions in the text, tell the story of the painting through the pictures, and understand the master's thoughts and feelings of praising justice and lashing out evil.
In the creation of this mural, Leonardo da Vinci, who valued density, gave up the mural technique and used egg yolk to mix the paint. Due to a failure in blending the paint, the painting was already peeling off after two years.
Leonardo da Vinci (1452～1519) was the most famous art master, scientist and engineer during the Italian Renaissance. He was born in the village of Finch near Florence, his father was a wealthy notary and his mother was an ordinary peasant woman. He studied art in Verrocchio's workshop at the age of 15, and joined the painter's guild in 1472. In the mid-1570s, his personal style had matured. In terms of painting theory, he organized the fragmented knowledge of anatomy, perspective, light and shade, and composition into a systematic theory, which had a great influence on the subsequent development of European painting.
In terms of artistic creation, Leonardo da Vinci solved major problems in the three fields of plastic arts-architecture, sculpture, and painting:
1. Solved the design of monumental central dome buildings and the planning of ideal cities;
2. Solved It solves the problem of equestrian monument statues that sculptors have been deeply troubled by since the 15th century;
3 solves the problems of two important fields in painting at that time - commemorative murals and altarpieces.
Da Vinci's works of art not only reflect things like a mirror, but also guide creation with thinking, observing and selecting beautiful parts from nature to express. The murals "The Last Supper", "The Battle of Angeli" and the portrait "Mona Lisa" are the three masterpieces of his life. These three works are the treasures among the treasures left by Leonardo da Vinci for the world's art treasure house, and are the keystones of European art.
Academic circles generally divide Leonardo da Vinci's creative activities into two stages: the early stage and the peak stage.
Conception tells
his early creation
When he was learning skills in his workshop, he showed extraordinary painting talent. When he assisted Verrocchio in painting "The Baptism of Christ" around 1470, although he only painted an angel kneeling beside Christ, his demeanor, expression and soft tones had clearly surpassed that of Verrocchio. Keogh. It is said that Verrocchio stopped painting for this reason. His earliest existing work, "Notification of Conception", was a work completed by Leonardo da Vinci independently without the guidance of a teacher. Except for a little free conception, the scenes in this painting were conceived by Leonardo Da Vinci following the general perspective painting method.The work was later ordered by the Monastery of San Bartolomeo on Mount Olivet. "Ginevra Benche", created later, went against the tradition of pursuing clear lines in 15th-century art, and used the tones of backlit sunset to render the perspective effect he advocated. "The Doctor Comes to Worship" (also translated as "The Three Kings Come to Worship"), created in 1481, is a work that marks the maturity of his artistic style. Although the painting was not completed because he left for Milan, it can be seen from the original manuscript that its composition and image creation showed artistic innovation that greatly surpassed his teachers and peers: the triangle formed by the Virgin Child and the three wise men The stable composition, the architectural ruins and the galloping horses and other backgrounds painted according to precise perspective show that he no longer simply lists the relevant characters from a narrative perspective, but completely transforms the traditional themes. The dark-toned painting method he adopted made the figures stand out from the shadows, breaking through the clear and revealing characteristics of traditional paintings and heralding the arrival of the Renaissance.
"Virgin of the Rocks"
"Virgin of the Rocks" will be analyzed in detail later
Created in his prime
In 1482, Leonardo da Vinci came to Milan and was invited by the Church of San Francesco to paint the altarpiece "Between the Rocks" Holy Mother". This painting is now in the Louvre. "The Last Supper" is his most famous work during this period. This fresco depicting the final farewell scene of Christ and his disciples before his arrest was painted on the wall of the dining room of the Grecian Abbey in Milan. Its ingenious composition and original layout closely connect the hall in the picture with the architectural structure of the dining room in life, making the viewer feel as if the scene in the painting is happening right in front of them. In terms of the layout of the characters, Christ is independent in the center of the picture, contrary to the form of being placed flat on the dining table. The other disciples express emotions of fear, anger, doubt, confession and panic through their different expressions and gestures. This depiction of a typical character highlights the theme of the painting, which complements the unified effect of the composition. It can be called the most perfect example in the history of art. Leonardo da Vinci returned to Florence in 1500. With the restoration of the republican system, the cultural atmosphere was once active, and outstanding figures such as Michelangelo and Raphael appeared in the painting world. Leonardo da Vinci began to create "The Virgin and Child with Saint Anna and Saint John" for the main altar of the Lanzetta Cathedral. He exhibited a carefully conceived sketch of "The Virgin and Child with Saint Anna and Saint John" to the public. , immediately caused a sensation, and its composition principles and painting methods had a great impact on the art world, and Michelangelo and Raphael were also inspired by it. In 1503, while working on the mural "Battle of Angeli" for the city hall, he created the "Mona Lisa" and "The Virgin and Child with Saint Anna and Saint John" (later became "The Virgin and Child with Saint Anna"). The two paintings, together with "St. John the Baptist", became his most cherished works and they were always with him. Even when he moved to France in his later years, he kept them with him and finally left them in Paris.
Da Vinci's Self-Portrait
Da Vinci left a large number of unorganized manuscripts written backwards with his left hand during his lifetime, which are difficult to interpret. Only in the mid-seventeenth century did scholars compile a small number of Leonardo da Vinci's manuscripts. Leonardo da Vinci's major manuscripts were lost for more than 200 years and were only rediscovered in 1817. To commemorate this great master of art and science, the "Leonardo da Vinci Museum" was established in his hometown in 1928, and later the "Museo Leonardiano di Vinci" (Museo Leonardiano di Vinci) was established in his hometown. Vinci, located in the Conti Guidi Castle in the city of Vinci), there is also a special introduction to Leonardo da Vinci in the Museum of Science and Technology (Museo Nazionale della Scienza e della Tecnica,) in Milan.
