who is it? In 1716, when makeup technology was still in its infancy, I drew styling inspiration from black dreadlocks, used smoky makeup and homemade light and shadow effects to manage my thick beard and put on the Hell Messenger suit. who is it?

2024/04/2909:58:34 hotcomm 1622
Who is

? In 1716, when makeup technology was still in its infancy, I drew styling inspiration from black dreadlocks, used smoky makeup and homemade light and shadow effects to manage my thick beard and put on the Hell Messenger suit. Who is

? Born into a wealthy family, he longed for the free and dangerous ocean. He left his hometown, a wealthy seaport city in England, and traveled thousands of miles to the Caribbean, where he became the founding father of the "Pirate Republic" (there were only 28 people when the country was first founded). Who is

? While taking advantage of others, he could take advantage of both sides. He punched and punched when facing merchant ships, but he was submissive when facing the navy. The only time in his life that he had a hard-steel court ruined his sinful life.

Let's start from the beginning and see how Edward Teach came to the Caribbean despite the stench of shit and urine and personally unlocked " Blackbeard" among the many real historical details outside of the online encyclopedia. "Epic skin.

who is it? In 1716, when makeup technology was still in its infancy, I drew styling inspiration from black dreadlocks, used smoky makeup and homemade light and shadow effects to manage my thick beard and put on the Hell Messenger suit. who is it? - DayDayNews


"Blackbeard" pirate - Edward Teach

From England to the Caribbean - the air is full of the smell of shit and urine, welcoming the all-round second-in-command with full skill tree

There is a saying in the world, called "A person's name may Mistakes may occur, but a person’s nickname is never wrong.” As Edward Teach upgraded to the "Blackbeard" form, not only was his nickname appropriate, but his own name was also deliberately modified, forcing historians to check the household registration book. Came back empty-handed.

In 1680, Edward Teach was born in the Port of Bristol, England. After more than a century of baptism in the Age of Discovery, this small medieval fishing village has developed into a gathering of adventurers, businessmen, and liars from both sides of the Atlantic and from the northern and southern hemispheres. A prosperous place for all kinds of people including the navy and those who have left their homes. The reason why "Edward Teach", a famous name included in "Pirate Knowledge", is still in doubt is because his birthplace, Bristol Port, already had complete household registration records at that time, but even if you take it out and look at it, A verbatim check with the intensity of "Diary of a Madman" revealed that not only was there no word for "cannibalism", but there was definitely no trace of the name "Teach".

who is it? In 1716, when makeup technology was still in its infancy, I drew styling inspiration from black dreadlocks, used smoky makeup and homemade light and shadow effects to manage my thick beard and put on the Hell Messenger suit. who is it? - DayDayNews


Today's Bristol Port

In the early days of his career, whether he worked odd jobs on merchant ships or went to the navy as a hired sailor, Teach showed very professional arithmetic and literacy skills at the beginning. This was something that only wealthy families at the time were taught. Qualities usually only possessed by educated young people. And judging from Teach's proficiency in investing and managing the spoils in the future, and taking both black and white, it is likely that he was a rebellious son who ran away from a wealthy family with a certain social status. After all, there were no Mary Sues and Versailles in that era to show off their wealth. All the common sense of how the upper class treats others comes from the real experience within their class. Although he could be the second generation to inherit the family business, but he still insists on doing ruthless things like highway robbery. Perhaps Teach's original intention for adventure can only be defined by the extraordinary ambitions of those who achieve great things.

who is it? In 1716, when makeup technology was still in its infancy, I drew styling inspiration from black dreadlocks, used smoky makeup and homemade light and shadow effects to manage my thick beard and put on the Hell Messenger suit. who is it? - DayDayNews

Affected by the War of Spanish Succession from 1702 to 1712, Teach grew up in a port. Teach, who was determined to pursue wealth, left the warship that could be blown out of a big hole by the enemy at any time and went to Port Royal in Jamaica, Caribbean. Not long before Teach arrived, the place had just experienced two major earthquakes and fire disasters. For the sake of port hygiene, the colonial authorities required residents to take their excrement buckets to the garbage storage area in the windward area of ​​the port every day. Therefore, whenever the sea breeze The sea breeze was blowing, and every corner of Hong Kong was enveloped in the towering stench emitted by our people, so there was indeed a sea breeze blowing when Teach arrived, but the smell was too strong.

quoted the description of a British writer at the time, saying that this place is "a garbage dump for homeless people, a shelter for bankrupts, and the toilets we use in prison are the cesspool of the world. People here have nothing in their hearts except money, so they will be even more Make money by any means necessary.

As luck would have it, that's what Teach thinks. He wasted no time and joined the privateer team, the main commercial organization here, through a simple interview. These fleets held privateering licenses issued by Britain and specialized in plundering French and Spanish merchant ships.When a group of live-action "Fate/stay night" characters ended the War of Throne Succession, the "Treaty of Utrecht" signed for the purpose of temporary peace also caused a large number of warship sailors and plundering ship pirates to lose their jobs instantly.

who is it? In 1716, when makeup technology was still in its infancy, I drew styling inspiration from black dreadlocks, used smoky makeup and homemade light and shadow effects to manage my thick beard and put on the Hell Messenger suit. who is it? - DayDayNews

At this time, Teach was following Benjamin Hornig, a local privateer captain and his industry mentor, to start his second business from the trough of the industry. They chose the "garbage dump" of The Bahamas Port of Nassau, and quickly completed the primitive accumulation of capital by robbing merchant ships. Then the group went to Providence, where pirates gathered, and established a pirate gang called the "Flying Gang" organize. However, because Honigo implemented democratic principles among pirates (this principle also caused Captain Jack to suffer a lot in the movie "Pirates of the Caribbean "), he and the crew came up with the issue of robbery dividends and whether to kill people. After serious disagreements, the crew ultimately removed the captain in a democratic vote. At this time, only Teach and a few crew members continued to follow Hornig. After a team of 28 people returned to the Nassau base, they announced the establishment of the famous "Pirate Republic" in history.

The earthy special effects are full, and the messenger from hell arrives - Teach changes into the "Blackbeard" epic skin

In 1716, Hornig saw Teach becoming more and more powerful, and in a robbery operation, he captured a ship carrying six guns and three The ten-ton sloop was given to Teach as a robbery dividend, and Teach, who became the captain, owned the first pirate ship in his life, the "Revenge", which meant that he would continue to unilaterally represent himself in the battle for throne succession. On the side of England, under the banner of revenge for the motherland, they plundered French and Spanish ships.

who is it? In 1716, when makeup technology was still in its infancy, I drew styling inspiration from black dreadlocks, used smoky makeup and homemade light and shadow effects to manage my thick beard and put on the Hell Messenger suit. who is it? - DayDayNews


Edward Teach transformed into the form of Blackbeard

The prominent status of the captain and the new pirate ship finally allowed Teach, who had accumulated enough experience points, to press the option of a full upgrade. He was born with luxuriant hair and a long-term beard that was inherently unkempt in the pirate life. , quoting a resident named K in the Caribbean who did not want to reveal his true identity at the time, describing Teach's black beard as "like a terrifying meteor, covering his entire face, and all the comets that have appeared for a long time must still frighten America." Teach also ingeniously tied his beard into many braids, with an extra ribbon tied at the end of each braid, similar in style to the Ramillies wig of the British infantry.

Some scholars believe that Teach may also be a mulatto, with curly hair inherited from his African ancestors. The name "Teach", which he changed himself, is the slang for "thick hair". If it is in a family ethics drama In the movie, Teach will most likely play the role of an illegitimate son from a famous family who is disliked and eventually runs away. In order to enhance the "performance" effect, Teach also added a few fuses under the hat and deliberately hung them on both sides of the face. After being exposed to the daily wind and sand, there is no need to set fire to self-mutilation, and the war-damaged smoky makeup appears vividly on the face.

But don’t think that you can go to Comic Expo to cosplay based on these alone. The main reason why Blackbeard makes his enemies fearful and respectable by his subordinates is that he has a pair of ferocious and savage eyes, combined with his fanatical appearance, to create a strong and charming character. The image of the messenger of hell with a pagan atmosphere helped the robbery business, and at the same time, his fame and wealth increased. Together with his contemporaries Khomeini, Jennings and Burgess, they were known as the "Four Pirates of Nassau" - that is, the "Four Pirate Kings" in real history.

who is it? In 1716, when makeup technology was still in its infancy, I drew styling inspiration from black dreadlocks, used smoky makeup and homemade light and shadow effects to manage my thick beard and put on the Hell Messenger suit. who is it? - DayDayNews


The same black beard in " One Piece "

During his career rise in Nassau, Teach accidentally met Bonnet, a funny pirate. If Teach was born into a wealthy upper-class family, this was based on speculation, then Bonnet was the foolish son of a serious landowner. When this person had a family and a job, he suddenly felt that "the world is so big and I want to go for a walk". He built a ship at his own expense and went to sea. In the first battle, due to lack of experience, he actually chose to confront the Spanish Navy head-on, and he was also burdened with it. Seriously injured, his sailors fled and were taken to Nassau, the paradise of American pirates. At this time, Teach showed his calculating side. He pretended to use "equity participation" as a profit inducement. While inviting Bonnet to his ship to treat his injuries, he sent his cronies to temporarily "take over" Bonnet's business. of ships and human resources.

who is it? In 1716, when makeup technology was still in its infancy, I drew styling inspiration from black dreadlocks, used smoky makeup and homemade light and shadow effects to manage my thick beard and put on the Hell Messenger suit. who is it? - DayDayNews


According to historical records, the number of pirates in Nassau at that time was even more than the number of ordinary people.

At this time, because of the outbreak of civil war in England, the Queen Anne supported by Teach was replaced by the new king George I, so England's merchant ships and colonies in the Americas No longer enjoying Teach's "free treatment", his appetite became even greater, and he began to travel north to the land of New England. He also took advantage of an oversight of the French Navy and obtained the large battleship "Concorde", which was modified and upgraded to equip The "Queen Anne's Revenge" with 22 guns and a crew of 150.

who is it? In 1716, when makeup technology was still in its infancy, I drew styling inspiration from black dreadlocks, used smoky makeup and homemade light and shadow effects to manage my thick beard and put on the Hell Messenger suit. who is it? - DayDayNews


"Queen Anne's Revenge"

Teach's consistent strategy of using political stance to "reasonably legitimize" plundering operations can be regarded as side proof that European colonialism is essentially an act of piracy. In the future, the way the Indians live is "the white man suddenly came and robbed my house, and after the robbery, he enacted legislation and the law prohibited me from robbing him again." Although Blackbeard's appearance is deceptive, in fact, the biggest characteristic of Teach's planning of robberies is that he becomes stronger when he is weak and runs away when he is strong. Fully armed is necessary, but most of the time he strictly restricts his subordinates to only take people's money. Regardless of human life, whenever they encounter law enforcement by regular maritime forces, they will immediately take out the "hit & run" tactical board and escape.

Moreover, Teach's COSPLAY skills have a group halo effect. In addition to himself maintaining a devilish persona, most of his men are good at pretending to be businessmen, cargo ship sailors and other good people, and then use clever disguises and target magnets, "Welcome to the pirate ship" "This is the famous line when a group of them disguised themselves as merchant ships and invited each other to come to their ship and catch them all. When he learned that King George could not bear it anymore and was going to launch a special search and attack on him, Teach disappeared from the Caribbean pirate industry in 1718, as completely as if he had been a legend from the beginning.

Only children accept recruitment, adults need both black and white - the business experience of the "godfather" of the sea

Where is Blackbeard? Obviously not filming a variety show.

When Blackbeard left the Caribbean in 1718, King George of England had just issued a pirate amnesty, announcing that as long as the pirates voluntarily surrendered to the local governor , not only would they be treated as if nothing had happened, but the proceeds from previous plunder would also be considered legal. Property is inherited. The strategic purpose of George's amnesty was to divide the internal forces of the pirate group and let some pirates leave their jobs first. Then he could concentrate his naval power on the remaining die-hards who wanted to work in the same business until death.

who is it? In 1716, when makeup technology was still in its infancy, I drew styling inspiration from black dreadlocks, used smoky makeup and homemade light and shadow effects to manage my thick beard and put on the Hell Messenger suit. who is it? - DayDayNews


The image of Blackbeard in the movie "Pirates of the Caribbean" series

The fact is that he did what he wished for. Many pirates who are old or were "forced by life and forced to go to hell" still take the large pensions from the robbery dividends and still Some people, including those in Blackbeard's fleet, have chosen the path of "goodness" and have left. After re-counting the number of people (property), Teach took the remaining troops and organized the largest fleet at the time to sail northward, bidding farewell to the Caribbean where he had worked and fought.

Being a high-priced target on the wanted list was not the "honor" that Teach wanted to get, so he also began to lay the track for the back road that he had already planned. Although the amnesty order clearly states that as long as pirates surrender, they can legally enjoy the loot they have illegally obtained before, but how much loot can be taken away, or even whether it can be taken away, is an internal matter specific to each pirate ship. For example, Bonnet, who was confused and got on the ship after being "added to five" by Teach, at this time, the silly son of a landlord was tired of the "romantic" pirate life and wanted to return to ordinary society. According to the shareholding ratio, Borat can be regarded as the second shareholder of the fleet. The famous primary school bully Fat Tiger has a famous saying, "What's yours is mine, and what's mine is still mine." Teach obviously thinks so too.

who is it? In 1716, when makeup technology was still in its infancy, I drew styling inspiration from black dreadlocks, used smoky makeup and homemade light and shadow effects to manage my thick beard and put on the Hell Messenger suit. who is it? - DayDayNews

An old man like Tiqi has to deal with a silly Baitian like Bonnet with a clenched hand.On the fleet's way north, Teach received news that North Carolina Governor Charles Eden was inspecting the work nearby, so he told Bonnet the news and suggested to him: "Take two people and row a boat to find the governor. "Amnesty order, we will stay here for a while, and after you come back and everyone has a meal, you can leave with your boat and belongings." Bonnet readily agreed, and waited until he took the amnesty order. When he came back, Teach did leave the ship plus sixteen sailors loyal to Bonnet, but he didn't have a dime of property. It was equivalent to Bonnet "cleansing up and leaving the house", and he also had ten extra sailors with him. Six mouths that need to eat every day.

Later events proved that even North Carolina Governor Eden's inspection of work near the fleet was most likely arranged by Teach in advance. Because when the fleet arrived in Bath, the official port town of North Carolina, Teach went to Eden's house by a familiar route. Eden was a wealthy English nobleman who owned four hundred acres of land, but under his rule North Carolina was still just a poor colony, inhabited by persecuted Indians and penniless colonists.

Teach is like a foreign investor who came to help the poor with a lot of money. The two parties hit it off immediately. Eden issued a pardon to Teach and his party, allowing them to clean up their names and build a house and settle in North Carolina. Teach continued to play His professional expertise is to quietly seize merchant ships traveling between the East Coast and Virginia next door. As for how to bribe and divide the stolen goods with the Governor, there is no need to say much. In short, it's like gangster movies have developed from the street-bloody "Young and Dangerous" to the corporate-run "Underworld". Teach bought the loyalty of the colonial governor and became a criminal who can chat and laugh with the powerful ashore and make merchant ships tremble when he goes to sea. Head of the empire.

who is it? In 1716, when makeup technology was still in its infancy, I drew styling inspiration from black dreadlocks, used smoky makeup and homemade light and shadow effects to manage my thick beard and put on the Hell Messenger suit. who is it? - DayDayNews


Blackbeard in "Assassin's Creed Black Flag"

4, "Come to cheat! Come to sneak attack!" - The death of Blackbeard

The iron law of ancient and modern world, "If you go out to mess around, you must pay it back", we know that "repay the debt" It must be Teach, the protagonist of this article, so the suspense naturally falls on who will "ask for this debt" and how.

When Teach was living a prosperous and prosperous life in North Carolina (in terms of personal life, during this period, Teach married a 16-year-old girl, the daughter of a local sheriff). Some of the rumors about Teach I have exaggerated all kinds of R18 novelty content. Since it is seriously inconsistent with Teach’s true character, the author will not specifically refute it here). When officials at all levels in the colony were fed to their heads and necks, the governor of Virginia, Spence, of the neighboring colony Wood is in the midst of a public opinion crisis.

Governor Spotswood enriched his own pockets while in office and used public money to enrich his own territory, which aroused dissatisfaction with the local council. In order to save his increasingly unreliable political career, Spotswood launched the "Crackdown on Crime and Evil" campaign. This card, with the slogan of combating piracy and reshaping local maritime trade security, hopes to establish a glorious image of itself as a "crime buster" and return a pure land to the local society. However, Spotswood has avoided a key procedure, that is, his plan Totally illegal.

Because neither the governor himself nor the "white gloves" he found - British naval captains Maynard and Wood, have the right to invade another colony; on the other hand, Teach is a legally defensible citizen, during the Pirates of the Caribbean era His crime was canceled under the pardon, and his subsequent robbery activities were officially recorded as "Salvaging a French Shipwreck" (as to whether the ship sank first and then was launched into the water for salvage, or whether he first boarded the ship to "salvage" it and then scuttled it, then It is a different matter), all of which were stamped and approved by Governor Eden, and there is no crime that can be charged legally.

who is it? In 1716, when makeup technology was still in its infancy, I drew styling inspiration from black dreadlocks, used smoky makeup and homemade light and shadow effects to manage my thick beard and put on the Hell Messenger suit. who is it? - DayDayNews

However, the arrest operation was launched secretly after proper preparation. At 4 pm on December 21, 1719, the arrest team accurately captured the location of Teach and his party. At this time, Teach was taking his new flagship "Adventure" No. 1, a "business banquet" was held on the waters slightly away from Bass Port. The guest was Samuel O'Deo, a businessman friend who laundered stolen goods for him. The business has been booming in the past year, so that the two parties had a good time after three rounds of drinking. Gradually, he drank until he was lying on his back, enjoying himself so much that he didn't notice the navy's gradual advance. The Navy was wary of Teach's famous black beard style, so they decided to squat him all night and wait until daybreak to take action.

The time came to 9 a.m. on the 22nd. When many people had just arrived at their workstations and were thinking about how to start their day of fishing and brick-making, Hyde took the lead. Almost at the same time that Hyde was about to fire the first shot, the pirates who had experienced a hangover instantly understood what was happening with their rebellious instincts of licking blood with their sword heads all the time. The two ships of the official and the bandit were within "half pistol range" With full fire, Hyde surrendered his blood and was seriously wounded on the deck of his ship. He convulsed and died on the spot.

Then, Blackbeard called out his best "hit & run" tactic and wanted to escape immediately. As a result, a musket bullet from the opponent hit the bow halyard of the "Adventure" at the moment when the two ships passed by. The sails lost the support of the wind, and the speed of the entire ship dropped sharply. At this time, Captain Maynard, who was commanding another warship, saw that less than one-sixth of the video progress bar was left, so he rushed to the scene until the favorite BGM in his mind was rudely interrupted by Blackbeard's roar: "You guys Who are these damn people from? "

who is it? In 1716, when makeup technology was still in its infancy, I drew styling inspiration from black dreadlocks, used smoky makeup and homemade light and shadow effects to manage my thick beard and put on the Hell Messenger suit. who is it? - DayDayNews

"You should know from our flags that we are not pirates!" Maynard responded.

Before he finished speaking, guns and cannons were firing. At such a close distance, Blackbeard ordered his gunners to load all the shotguns and continuous rounds into the cannon, plus the grenades and incendiary bombs thrown by other pirates. There were leftovers from last night's drink. He dropped empty bottles of rum and random explosives, and greeted Maynard warmly, hoping that he would either die where he was or get out as soon as possible. After such a round of bombing, with smoke billowing from Maynard's ship, the outcome seemed to be decided between the two sides, at least that's what Teach thought.

Now that Hyde is dead, Maynard is either dead or seriously injured. Out of good professional habits, Teach is the first to rush onto Maynard's ship and prepares to launch a routine search. Little does he know that Maynard's "simple" This became the last ship he would ever embark on. It turned out that although Maynard's side suffered casualties under the heavy artillery fire just now, Maynard led others to hide in the cargo hold under the cover of thick smoke. After Teach led his men to board the deck of the "Jane", Maynard's troops suddenly appeared and became the side that occupied the home court and had a numerical advantage.

who is it? In 1716, when makeup technology was still in its infancy, I drew styling inspiration from black dreadlocks, used smoky makeup and homemade light and shadow effects to manage my thick beard and put on the Hell Messenger suit. who is it? - DayDayNews

If there were autopsy reports in that era, then on this list of Edward Teach, A.K.A. Blackbeard, people would see the following records: 27 stab wounds, 5 gunshot wounds, and obvious traces of a violent struggle before his death. The huge wound on the shoulder showed that the head of the deceased was chopped off together with the neck. The reason why there is no description of the head in the report is because Maynard hung Teach's head on the bowsprit of the "Venture" captured after the battle, and received a reward of 100 pounds from Virginia Governor Spotswood. After receiving the money (plus the one hundred and forty bags of cocoa beans and ten barrels of sugar that they had moved from the Adventure to their cabin), the rotten blackbeard's head was thrown into the Pamlico Sound. The rest was left to the author of "A General History of Pirates", folk tale writers, Hollywood screenwriters, juvenile cartoonists, and video game developers.

That year, the restless sea - "Sea of ​​Dawn"

After reading such a wonderful story (what? Not wonderful? No way, why don't you read it again to confirm), do you have any questions? If you don't like it, for example, since Teach has mastered so many sea survival skills, why didn't he set up his own business to conquer the stars and the sea from the beginning? If after Hornigault was voted out of the captaincy, instead of following him back to Nassau, he chose to stay in Providence, would he be able to change the gears of destiny? And in what specific ways did the looted merchant ships’ supplies merge into the foreign trade of global material exchange in the Age of Sail? If I were to put myself in my shoes, it’s hard to say anything else. Anyway, I would definitely not give my ship any bad names like “Revenge” or “Adventure”.

who is it? In 1716, when makeup technology was still in its infancy, I drew styling inspiration from black dreadlocks, used smoky makeup and homemade light and shadow effects to manage my thick beard and put on the Hell Messenger suit. who is it? - DayDayNews


Teach in "Sea of ​​Dawn" perfectly restored the three muskets he wore on his chest.

"Sea of ​​Dawn" gave me an excellent opportunity to answer the above questions and write a chapter of my own sailing career from scratch. Blackbeard Teach transformed one of them into a navigator and became a living legend. "Sea of ​​Dawn" is an open world game that combines free navigation and MMO gameplay. It is based on the European navigation worldview and the real world map. The national forces such as Britain and Spain that we mentioned in Teach's story involve Classic pirate elements such as armed battleships, pirate ports, and black flag gameplay can all be experienced in "Sea of ​​Dawn." Players can choose to play as legendary pirates like Teach and sail across the seven seas; or they can choose to stand on the side of the navies of various countries and attack pirates head-on; it is up to you to choose which side you want to be.

who is it? In 1716, when makeup technology was still in its infancy, I drew styling inspiration from black dreadlocks, used smoky makeup and homemade light and shadow effects to manage my thick beard and put on the Hell Messenger suit. who is it? - DayDayNews

In "Sea of ​​Dawn", there are three main gameplay modes: combat, trade and exploration. Players can find navigators scattered around the world to join their team, gain profits through maritime trade, buy and build more powerful ships, and form their own fleet. , establish a chamber of commerce, invite other players to join, build your own port base, compete with other chambers of commerce for port share or engage in chamber of commerce wars, until you dominate the world or become the richest player.

who is it? In 1716, when makeup technology was still in its infancy, I drew styling inspiration from black dreadlocks, used smoky makeup and homemade light and shadow effects to manage my thick beard and put on the Hell Messenger suit. who is it? - DayDayNews

Conclusion

Regarding the ocean, the Age of Discovery, the countless possibilities of Teach's life, and the highly anticipated game "Sea of ​​Dawn", we are just getting started this time. In the next period of time, we will We will continue to travel through the great route of history, return to that turbulent era, witness scenes of bizarre and unpredictable stories, and get to know characters with hands and eyes that are as big as the sky. Friends who want to become the Tiki in their hearts, please pay attention to the game "Sea of ​​Dawn". Reservations are currently open on Taptap, Bilibili, official website and other channels. Everyone is familiar with the matter of getting on the bus. You might as well try it this time to see if the feeling of getting on the boat is exciting or exciting.

Bibliography:

"Marine Empires and the Battle of the Mediterranean" by Roger Crowley Social Science Literature Press

"Furries, Wealth and Empire" Eric J. Dolin's Social Science Literature Press

"Pirate Republic" "Return to the Caribbean" by Colin Woodard Social Science Literature Press

"Return to the Caribbean" by V.S. Naipaul Nankai Publishing House

"History from the Ocean" Haneda Masa Kojima Tsubasa Press

"Modern European History" The Establishment of Early Europe" by Eugene Rice, CITIC Press

"The Age of Religious Wars in Modern European History" CITIC Press

by Richard Dunne, "Global History of the World after 1500" by Stavriano Si's "Vermeer's Hat" by Shanghai Social Sciences Publishing House

Bu Zhengmin's Hunan People's Publishing House

hotcomm Category Latest News