Source: People's Daily Online - Fujian Channel Original Article
The golden regenerated rice fields are everywhere. Chen Qihui's aerial photography
Among the thousands of acres of golden regenerated rice fields, three rice fields were randomly selected for mechanized harvesting. The yields per mu exceeded 600 kilograms. More than a dozen acceptance experts looked at each plant like a treasure appraiser and lowered their heads. rice plant.
This is the harvest scene of regenerated rice at the regenerated rice planting demonstration base in Heping Village, Shuiji Town, Jianyang District, Nanping City on October 31. According to reports, this demonstration field is a fully mechanized regenerated rice field. It has achieved two seasons of "over-ton grain" with fully mechanized regenerated rice for six consecutive years.
Regeneration rice harvest scene. Photographed by Fan Qiaohong
Regenerated rice has a long history of planting in my country. Since ancient times, there are records of "white rice under cover in the south, planted in the first month, harvested in May, and its stems and roots regenerate and ripen in September." As a rice cultivation method that sows once and harvests in two seasons, ratoon rice has the characteristics of “two harvests, three unnecessary, four savings, and five improvements”. Currently, more than 12 million acres of ratoon rice have been planted across the country. area.
Machine harvesting of ratoon rice refers to using a harvester to harvest the first harvest of ratoon rice instead of traditional manual harvesting. This saves most labor costs, but the initial yield is low and cannot truly play the role of stabilizing grain and increasing income. On-site experts said that there are three main factors that limit the yield of machine-harvested regenerated rice, including the small number of suitable machine-harvested varieties with strong regeneration ability, low axillary bud germination rate during the regeneration season, and serious reduction in yield by machine-harvested rolling.
Regeneration rice harvest scene. Photo by Fan Qiaohong
To this end, in the past six years, Lin Wenxiong, Fujian Provincial Science and Technology Commissioner and professor at Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, has led a scientific research team to carry out projects such as the National Key R&D Plan and the Ministry of Agriculture’s Regenerated Rice Industry Agricultural Technology Promotion System Construction. With the funding, with the core idea of "selecting accurate varieties, preserving roots, promoting growth, and reducing crushing", we continued to carry out research on key technologies for mechanical harvesting of ratoon rice, and created a "full-process mechanized ratoon rice high-yield and high-efficiency variety selection and its three guarantees, two promotions and one "Tackling (321) High-yield and High-efficiency Cultivation Technology System". This technology system combines improved seeds and methods, and deeply integrates agricultural machinery and agronomy. It has overcome the problem of limiting the output of machine-harvested ratooning rice, significantly improved the axillary bud germination rate of machine-harvested ratooning rice with low pile retention, and effectively The harvesting and rolling rate is reduced, and the yield in the regeneration season of machine-harvested and low-piled regeneration rice is significantly increased. It is estimated that the income of two crops of ratooning rice using this technical system is 2,800 yuan, which is more than 500 yuan more than the conventional early and late rice model, and more than 600 yuan more than the traditional machine-harvested ratoon rice. This technology has given new vitality to traditional rice farming and has become a A new way to boost industrial prosperity, increase farmers' income, and achieve rural revitalization.
Experts watched the regeneration rice on site. Photographed by Fan Qiaohong
At the same time, this technology also has significant ecological benefits. It is estimated that the regenerated rice using this technology saves 15.1% of water compared with the conventional early and late rice planting model, and the emissions of CH4 and CO2 per unit rice output are reduced by 34.11% and 20.40% respectively. , the global warming potential and carbon emission intensity will be reduced by 26.1% and 14.1% respectively, the amount of fertilization will be reduced by 20%, and chemical prevention and control will be reduced by 1 to 2 times. While ensuring food security, it will help agriculture " carbon peak , carbon Neutralize ". (Content provided by College of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University)
