1. Belt transmission mechanical protection:
The distance between the belt protective cover and the belt should not be less than 50mm. The design should be reasonable and do not affect the operation of the machine. Generally, the transmission mechanism should be equipped with a protective cover if it is less than 2 m away from the ground. However, in the following three cases, even if it is above 2 m, the distance between the pulleys is above 3 m; the belt width is above 15 cm; the belt rotation speed is above 9 m/min.
2. Generally, the protective cover is not allowed to step or stand; when it is necessary to be a platform or step, it should be able to withstand a vertical force of 1500N and take anti-slip measures
3. The protective net that protects the palms of the human body (excluding the first leg and knuckle joint) and passes, the mesh opening width is less than or equal to 20mm finger tips; 6.5; fingers: 12.5 upper limbs: 47; toes: 76
The road surface of the factory main road requires that the vehicle travels in both directions shall not be less than 5 m; the main road with one-way driving sign shall not be less than 3 mo wide to enter the factory entrance, and speed limit signs, signs and warning signs shall be set up in dangerous areas.
Workshop safety channel requires
Passenger car, width > 3m; passer battery truck, forklift, width > 1.8m; passer trolley, tricycle, width > 1.5m; general pedestrian passage, width > lmo
5. Special or non-standard equipment is classified according to the maximum appearance size: large, length > 12m; medium-sized length 6~12m; small, length v6m 6.1), equipment spacing (calculated based on the maximum range achieved by moving parts),: large N2m, medium-sized > lm, small 2. .7 m° Large and small equipment spacing are calculated according to the maximum size requirements. If there is an operating station between the devices, the operating space and the equipment spacing should be calculated together during calculation. If large and small devices exist at the same time, the spacing between large and small devices is calculated according to the requirements of large size. ⑵. The distance between the equipment and the wall and column (calculated based on the maximum range of the movable parts),: Large NO. 9 m, Medium size > 0. 8 m, Small size 20.7 m. If someone operates between walls, columns and equipment, the maximum distance between the equipment and the walls, columns and operating space should be met.
(3), transportation lines above 2 m should have a solid protective cover (network), and the grid size should be able to prevent the conveyed objects from falling to the ground; guardrails should be added on both sides of the lifting and landing sections of transportation lines below 2 m, with a height of 1.05m.
product blanks, etc. should be stored in limited quantities. The storage volume for day shift is 1.5 times the processing volume for each shift, and the storage volume for night shift is 2.5 times the processing volume, but large items do not exceed the shift quota.
workpieces and materials must not be placed too high. Under the premise that the ratio of the stack bottom to the stack height is 1:2, the stack height shall not exceed 2m (except for the unit ultra-high), and the stacking of sand box shall not exceed 3.5 m.
7, 1. Precautions during the installation process of grinder
(1), selection of installation location. If a special grinding machine room cannot be set up due to the limitations of the factory terrain, a protective baffle with a height of no less than 1.8m should be installed on the front of the grinding machine, and the baffle must be firm and effective.
requires that grinding wheel with a diameter greater than or equal to 200mm grinding wheel should be installed with a flange and static balance debugging
installation grinding wheel and chuck matching. The matching problem mainly refers to the installation matching problem of the chuck and grinding wheel. According to the standard requirements, the diameter of the grinding wheel flange shall not be less than 1/3 of the diameter of the installed grinding wheel, and it is stipulated that a new grinding wheel should be replaced when the grinding wheel is worn until the diameter is 10mm larger than the diameter of the flange. In addition, a soft padded
The opening angle of the grinding wheel protective cover with a diameter greater than 2 mm and a thickness of 1~2 mm should be installed between the grinding wheel and the flange. The opening angle of the grinding wheel protective cover should not exceed 90° above the horizontal plane of the spindle. The protective cover should be installed firmly and reliably and must not be disassembled or discarded at will. When the opening of the protective cover is greater than or equal to 30 mm above the horizontal surface of the spindle, the chip barrier must be installed.
bracket is one of the commonly used accessories of grinding machines. Grinding machines with a grinding wheel diameter of more than 150m must be equipped with an adjustable bracket.The distance between the grinding wheel and the bracket should be less than 1/2 of the minimum size of the grinding workpiece, but the maximum should not exceed 3 mm
7. Shearing machine The fingers of the operator's feeding material should be kept at least 200mm away from the edge of the scissors, and leave the compression device
8. The button box of the electric start device must be marked with the words "start", "stop" and other words. The parking button is red, and its position value is 10-12 mm
9. When using the wire rope, it must be lubricated at least twice a month. Before lubrication, use a wire brush to remove dirt from the wire rope and clean it with coal oil, and then dip the lubricating oil heated to above 80°C to dip the wire rope. When the height wear of the dangerous section of the hook
10 is immersed in the rope . When the height wear of the dangerous section reaches 10% of the original height, it should be scrapped; if the scrapping standard does not exceed the scrapping standard, it can be used continuously or lowered, but it is not allowed to be re-welded with welding rods before use. The hook assembly part must be inspected at least 1 day a quarter and cleaned and lubricated.
11. Load test should be performed for newly put into use. 1.25 times the rated load is used as the test load (can be carried out simultaneously with the crane's dynamic and static load test), and the test time should not be less than 10min. After the load is unloaded, there must be no cracks, breaks or permanent deformation on the hook, and if there is, it should be scrapped. International standards stipulate that after hanging and removing the test load, the opening degree of the hook should not exceed 0.25% without any significant defects and deformation.
12. The arc temperature is as high as 8000°C
13. Radiation electromagnetic wave refers to electromagnetic wave with a frequency of more than 100 kHz and above 100 kHz. Tens of meter of current can stop breathing through the human body. Tens of microamperes should be connected to the current flowing through the heart, which will cause fatal fibrillation of the cardiac ventricular
15. Under any circumstances, insulation resistance shall not be lower than 100OQ per volt.
16. The insulation resistance of the working insulation of Class II equipment shall not be lower than 2 MQ, the insulation resistance of the protection insulation shall not be lower than 5 MQ, and the insulation resistance of strengthening insulation shall not be lower than 7 MQo
17. my country's standards stipulate that the limit of the effective value of the industrial frequency safety voltage is 50 V. The rated value of of the effective value of the power frequency in my country is 42 V,
36 V, 24 V, 12 V and 6 V. portable power tool used in particularly dangerous environments should use a 42 V safe voltage; hand-held lighting and local lighting used in environments with electric shock should use a 36V or 24V safe voltage; large-area grounded conductors and other work locations in metal containers, tunnels, wells and surrounding areas such as grounded conductors should be narrow, and 12 V safe voltage should be used in environments with limited mobility: 6 V safe voltage should be used in special places such as water operations.
18. It is mainly used to prevent current leakage protection device operation current 30 and 30mA or less, which is high sensitivity, electric shock accident, medium sensitivity, and medium sensitivity, which is above 30mA, 1000 and 1000mA or less. It is used to prevent electric shock accidents and leakage fires: above 1000mA or more, which is low sensitivity, which is used to prevent leakage fires and monitoring and grounding faults. In order to avoid misoperation, the rated non-operation current of the protection device shall not be less than 1/2 of the rated operation current.
19. There should be at least two doors for a high-voltage distribution chamber with a length of more than 7 m and a low-voltage distribution chamber with a length of more than 10 m.
20. The flash point of the oil used in oil-immersed transformer is between 135~I60C, which belongs to the combustible liquid
21. During operation, the voltage deviation of the transformer at a high voltage side shall not exceed 5% of the rated value, and the maximum low voltage imbalance current shall not exceed 25% of the rated current of . The upper oil temperature should generally not exceed 85°C
22. The current of the capacitor during operation should not exceed I.3 times the rated current of the capacitor for a long time; the voltage should not exceed 1.1 times the rated voltage of the capacitor for a long time; the operating parameters such as voltage, current, frequency, temperature rise of the motor should meet the requirements. The voltage fluctuation of the voltage shall not exceed 5%~+10%, the voltage imbalance shall not exceed 5%, and the current imbalance shall not exceed 10%. In any case, the insulation resistance of the motor shall not be lower than 1000 per volt operating voltage.The motor must be equipped with short circuit protection and ground fault protection, and overload protection, phase-off protection and low voltage protection as needed. The rated current of the melt of fuse should be 1.5 to 2.5 times the rated current of the asynchronous motor. The rated current of the thermal relay thermal components should be 1-1.5 times the rated current of the motor, and the explosion-proof electrical equipment type
24. Explosion-proof electrical equipment includes explosion-proof type (mark d), increased safety type (mark e), oil-filled type (mark 0), sand-free type (mark q), intrinsic safety type (mark i), positive pressure type (mark p), spark-free type (mark n), and special type (mark s), and equipment. For example, dHBT4 is an explosion-proof electrical equipment of explosion-proof, 1IB-level, and T4 groups,
25. For buildings and general equipment, lightning rod , ,
26. In addition to live and midlines, the three-phase power grid has a grounded protection line PE, and the exposed metal part of the electrical equipment is connected to the PE line of the power supply; such a system is called TN・S system
27. The power grid is grounded with three-phase four-wire center line, and the exposed metal part of the electrical equipment is directly grounded without being connected to the midline. This system is called the TT system
28. The number of scrapped broken wires for lifting hot metals or dangerous goods shall be taken 50% of the scrapped broken wires for general cranes, including the reduction due to the abrasion of the steel wire surface
29. Crane: When the wear of the dangerous section of the hook of the machine reaches the original 10%, it shall be scrapped in time. Rewelding shall not be adopted. The noise standard for the workplace of the industrial enterprise's production workshop and workplace is _85dB
30. The safety measures taken for mechanical equipment can generally be divided into direct, indirect, and guiding
31. ① The inventory of real bottles should not exceed 2,400. When empty and solid bottles are stored in the same stock, they should be placed separately, with a spacing of at least 1.5m or more, and there are obvious markings and reliable anti-dumping measures.
32. In order to prevent secondary discharge, whether in the air or underground, it is necessary to ensure that there is sufficient safe distance between the flasher , the lead wire, the grounding device and the adjacent conductor. Under no circumstances, the minimum distance for preventing secondary discharge of Class I lightning-proof buildings shall not be less than 3 m, and the minimum distance for preventing secondary discharge of Class II lightning-proof buildings shall not be less than 2 m. If the distance requirements cannot be met, cross-connection shall be provided.
33. Electrical equipment classification
⑴, Class 0. This device relies solely on basic insulation to prevent electric shock. There is no grounding terminal on the shell and the unretained conductor inside the Class 0 device.
(2), Class I. In addition to relying on basic insulation, this equipment also has an additional safety measure. There is no grounding terminal on the housing of the Class I equipment, but there is a grounding terminal inside, which leads out the power cord with a protective plug from the equipment.
(3), Class II. This device has double insulation and enhanced insulation safety protection measures.
(4), Class III. This device relies on ultra-low safety voltage to prevent electric shock.
34 Explosion hazardous substances are divided into the following three categories:
I; mine methane ;
II: explosive gases, vapors, mist;
III: explosive dust and fibers.
Explosive gas, vapor connection minimum ignition current ratio and maximum test safety gap are divided into IIA, I【B, and IIC. Explosive dust and fibers are divided into II【A and IIIB according to their conductivity and explosiveness.
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