Liu Bei suffered disastrous defeats in a series of battles in his early years. Just give a few examples. For example, in the battle of Xuzhou, the front line was defeated by Yuan Shu, the old lair was taken by Lu Bu, and Lu Bu was arranged to take refuge in Xiaopei. In the battle of Xiao Pei, Liu Bei was beaten by Lu Bu again. After Liu Bei turned to Cao Cao, he betrayed Cao Cao. There was also the second battle of Xuzhou. When Liu Bei was beaten by Cao Cao again, he was embarrassed that even his wife and children couldn’t even take care of him. kind.
The turning point in Liu Bei's life began after he took refuge in Liu Biao. First was the Battle of Bowangpo. Liu Bei lured the enemy into defeating General Baidi and his brother Xiahoudun. Then came the Battle of Chibi. Liu Bei also counted the side who had contributed to the victory. After that, the battle of Liu Bei to capture the four counties of Jingnan seemed very easy, and then the battle of Liu Bei to capture Yizhou. After more than two years, he won the entire Yizhou, and finally the battle of Hanzhong. Liu Bei was the first time in his life. In a large-scale battle, he defeated his old enemy Cao Cao and won the greatest victory in his life.
To be honest, although Liu Bei has experienced many battles, war is obviously not Liu Bei's specialty. As the supreme leader of the Shuhan regime, Liu Bei's political ability is obviously stronger than military ability.
Lu Xun and Zhuge Liang are born in the 80s, 22 years younger than Liu Bei and 2 years younger than Zhuge Liang. He was born in the Lu family, one of the four major families of Wu Jun. Lu Xun was a scholar in his early years, and he entered Sun Quan’s shogunate and became his assistant at the age of 21. A few years later, Lu Xun began to lead troops to conquer the mountains, but until Guan Yu launched the battle of Xiangfan, Lu Xun had no reputation, just an ordinary military captain under Sun Quan.
During the Battle of Xiangfan, Lu Meng pretended to be ill and was spotted by Lu Xun. Lu Meng recommended Lu Xun to replace himself as the commander of the Dongwu front line at the border with Guanyu defense zone. During the battle of Xiangfan, Lu Xun led his army to fight west and occupied Zigui and Wushan cut off the route of Guan Yu's escape back to Yizhou, which made Guan Yu nowhere to escape and was killed by captives. Before the Battle of Yiling, Sun Quan used Lu Xun to see Lu Xun's ever-increasing military capabilities.
During the battle of Yiling, Liu Bei, who has experienced many defeats and victories, and Sun Xun, a scholar-like Confucian general, was on the other hand. Why did Liu Bei lose to Lu Xun?
Generally speaking, the reason for Liu Bei's defeat to Lu Xun is the words of Cao Pi. Cao Pi said that Liu Bei had an eight-hundred-mile camp. There was no reason to be undefeated. So soon news of Liu Bei's defeat was heard, which gave people a feeling. Cao Pi is a bit capable of predicting things like a god. In fact, Cao Pi's military capabilities are not much stronger. Cao Pi's prediction of Liu Bei's defeat was purely accidental.
Liu Bei's purpose in launching the Battle of Yiling is not wrong. In order to regain Jingzhou and avenge Guan Yu at the same time, to restore the reputation that Guan Yu lost to the Shu Han of Jingzhou, but Liu Bei chose the wrong time and did not start the war at the most favorable political time. , Or Liu Bei was too impatient to start the battle of Yiling. Liu Bei should use Sun Quan to pretend to be his minister Cao Pi, wait for a conflict between them, and then choose a suitable time to attack Soochow. This is the wrong time for Liu Bei to choose the war.
From the beginning of the war to Yiling, when the Shu army reached Yiling, Liu Beifang had always been victorious. Starting from the borders of the Shu Han, when Liu Bei advanced to Yiling, he had already penetrated into the territory of Wu for eight hundred miles. This used to be Liu Bei’s land, but at this time it has been in Sun Quan’s hands for more than a year. Liu Bei did not even camp for eight hundred miles. He just built some liaisons along the eight hundred miles from the border of Shuhan to the front line. The station was equipped with a small number of station soldiers at the same time. This was not the eight hundred li company that Cao Pi said, but Liu Bei went deep into the Wu realm eight hundred li.
I always think that Liu Bei's early victory is part of Lu Xun's entire strategy, that is, to take the initiative to retreat. Lu Xun did this for several purposes:
1, Liu Bei's victory can breed Liu Bei's pride, which is conducive to Lu Xun's later counterattack.
2, Liu Bei went deep into Wu Jing for eight hundred li, and seriously extended the supply line. The eight hundred li supply line is very fragile, which is conducive to Lu Xun's defensive counterattack.
3. The topography of Yiling area is dangerous. The most dangerous terrain in the whole Jianghan Plain is Yiling. To the east is the endless East Han Plain. There is no danger to defend. Yiling is Lu Xun’s last line of defense. Use the dangerous terrain to block the enemy while fast Counterattack is the basis for victory in Lu Xunyiling's battle.
Lu Xun’s strategy is very appropriate. If Liu Bei fights steadily, the two sides can only confront each other. Moreover, Cao Pi in the north is watching. The two sides are not willing to fight for a long time, and prefer to fight quickly. However, Liu Bei is in Yiling. The two most severeThe serious mistake was caught by Lu Xun. These two mistakes directly led to Liu Bei's defeat. These two mistakes were:
1, Liu Bei gave up the navy, and all the navy went ashore and lost the right to control water.
2, July’s hot weather, Liu Bei allowed all soldiers to camp in the mountains, which provided conditions for Lu Xun’s fire attack.
Liu Bei’s first mistake caused the Shu army to lose its water control rights. The Soochow Navy was fully loaded with soldiers who used the water army to go around behind Liu Beijun to implement strategic encirclement. Only when the Shu army’s rear road was surrounded by the Dongwu water army, could there be such a big loss, resulting in Nearly 50,000 troops were almost annihilated. If Liu Bei’s navy were still sailing on the Yangtze River, it would be impossible to have such a big loss. Even if the 50,000 troops were defeated, they could safely escape back to Shuhan, but once the road was broken. , Is the danger of the entire army being wiped out.
Liu Bei’s second mistake caused Lu Xun to use fire attack to attack Liu Bei. It is cool for all soldiers to be stationed in the woods, but this directly created hard conditions for the Dongwu fire attack. The woods are all flammable, and the woods in summer Thatch and thatch are easy to burn. At that time, Liu Bei also participated in the Battle of Chibi. The battle of Chibi was when Sun Liu’s coalition used fire to defeat Cao Cao. Now Liu Bei actually made the same mistake as Cao Cao back then. The Soochow army was defeated by fire attack.
Therefore, the reason why Liu Bei lost to Lu Xun in the Battle of Yiling was caused by the combination of the above series of events, and the most important thing was that Liu Bei made two major mistakes that should not be made, which led to the Battle of Yiling. This is Liu Bei’s responsibility.
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