Kingdom of Thailand-Ayudhya Dynasty (Ayutthaya Dynasty)

The Ayutthaya dynasty began in 1350 and died in 1767. It was the second dynasty in Thai history.

Overview of major cities in Thailand The Yuan Dynasty was strong and determined to develop outward. Southeast Asian countries paid tribute to the Yuan court, and Thailand is no exception. In 1350 AD, a Thai chief named Rama Tie Bodhi, in eastern Thailand, was in Ayutthaya (meaning “the city of eternal victory”) at the lower reaches of the Chao Phraya River in Chao Phraya, because the Chinese call Ayutthaya the big city The dynasty, also known as the Ayutthaya dynasty) rose up, and even conquered Sukhothai in the north to establish a kingdom. Most of Malaysia and the Dunxun district on the coast of Burma were owned.

Ayutthaya dynasty territory map and the location of Ayutthaya city

Ramathie Bodhi (that is, King Utong) for his shrewd thinking and ability to govern the country It laid a solid foundation for the Ayutthaya Dynasty. King Rama Tibodhi died in 1369, and the dynasty lasted for more than 400 years and experienced 33 kings. In the tenth year of Hongwu (1377), the prince Zhaolu of Siam came to the dynasty by his father's order. The Ming Taizu was overjoyed and made Wang Heng, a member of the ceremonial department, Wai Lang Wang Heng. Give the world coin and travel expenses. Since then, the Ayutthaya dynasty has been called Siam .

In the first year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty, Cheng Zu gave a gold and silver seal to the King of Siam, Siamese Wang Ye sent the envoy to thank you. Many people stayed in Siam when Zheng He went south. In the early Ming Dynasty, China's overseas activities were very frequent. In order to promote the prestige of the country, Ming Chengzu sent Zheng He to lead the fleet to patrol the south for seven times, taking the western route. 萝卜 is located in the sea from Vietnam to Malaysia and is a must pass. At that time, there were already Chinese merchants living in various parts of Southeast Asia. Ma Huan, who went south with Zheng He, wrote the book "Yingya Siam Victory", which describes the situation in Siam: "The country is thousands of miles away, the mountains are rugged, and the interior is damp. The soil is poor for farming, and the climate is not normal or cold. Or hot. The king’s house is quite gorgeous and tidy. The folk house is built like a building, with no boards, but it is split like a bamboo building with betel nut wood, and it is tightly tied with vines. The upper floor is rattan bamboo mats, The rest of the bamboo lies on it. The king's dress, the head is wrapped with white cloth, the upper is not clothed, the lower is surrounded by silk inlaid handkerchiefs, and the waist is pressed by the brocade. In and out 骑象 or take a sedan chair One person holds an umbrella with a golden handle and makes watergrass leaves, which is very good. Wang Chongxin teaches. There are many people in the country who are monks and nuns. The monks and nuns have the same clothes as in China. They also live in temples and hold fasts. All things are women. Master. If the king and his subordinates are contemplating the importance of trading, the size of the matter is up to their wives.

阿玉朵耶Thai national costume

At the end of the 15th century, after the opening of the route around the Cape of Good Hope to the East, Europeans began to go to Thailand for business in an attempt to benefit from Thailand. From the 16th century, the Portuguese first arrived and occupied After reaching the Strait of Malacca, it arrived in Ayutthaya in 1512. Since then, French, British, and Dutch also flocked in. After the 16th century, Western colonial forces gradually infiltrated Siam, and European colonists continued to sign trade treaties with the Siamese rulers. During the period of King Narai, the Greek colonizer Walcom even held the position of important foreign trade director and minister of finance of the dynasty. Walcom used his position to collude with the French colonists to enable the French army to enter Siam, which eventually aroused the anger of the Siamese people. , Under the leadership of Papi Luocha, heavy troops besieged Bangkok, executed Huaerkang and expelled the French colonial army from Thailand.

那莱王像

阿瑜The monarchs of the Thaya dynasty have received the influence of Khmer culture from the beginning. They are no longer the fatherly charitable and approachable monarchs of the Sukhothai dynasty, but are autocratic emperors and adopt the title of devaraja (king of gods). In the middle of the Yudhya Dynasty, Siam became a powerful country on the Indochina Peninsula.In order to compete for local hegemony (consolidating land, plundering labor force, and gaining political and economic advantages in the Indochina Peninsula) with Myanmar, which is also a powerful country in the Indochina Peninsula, there are constant frictions and conflicts. Since 1538, there has been a long-term war with the Toungoo Dynasty of Myanmar, and then Myanmar in 1565. It captured the capital of the Ayutthaya dynasty twice in 1569, and Thailand was forced to become a vassal state of Burma for fifteen years thereafter.

War Elephant Showdown

From 1665 to 1759, Thailand and Burma had a century-long truce, and the two sides maintained a century of peace. Until 1759, Burma successfully invaded Thailand, but the army retreated due to the death of King Burma. In 1764, the Burmese king Mengbi entered and occupied 泰北, and launched a full-scale attack the following year. In April 1767, after a year and two months of siege, the Burmese army captured the city of Ayutthaya and burned the city of Ayutthaya, declaring the destruction of the Ayutthaya dynasty, which had lasted more than four hundred years.