How many emperors were there in Chinese history?
494 bit, this is a saying on the Internet. This statement itself is controversial, because it also includes 73 emperors who did not proclaim themselves emperors but were posthumously recognized, such as Cao Cao.
I think this number is difficult to determine because everyone’s definition is difficult to unify.
For example: We have always talked about Wu Zetian, the only female emperor in Chinese history. In fact, in addition to Wu Zetian, there are at least three women who have been emperors: Emperor Shang of the Northern Wei Dynasty (the first female emperor who was established in infancy and deposed in infancy, earlier than Wu Zetian, but not recognized by the historical community), Emperor Wenjia (the leader of the Zhejiang uprising who was born 4 years earlier than Wu Zetian and proclaimed emperor 38 years earlier), and the fourth emperor of Western Liao Yelu Pusuwan.
When historians counted the number of emperors, they probably didn't include these three female emperors, right? Otherwise, it would not be said that there was only one female emperor in Chinese history.
Moreover, the last emperor we are going to discuss today also has various opinions and is not so unified.
Let’s start with Xia, Shang and Zhou
Xia, Shang and Zhou did not have an emperor, so let’s talk about their last king. There are few historical records of the third generation of
, so things are simpler.
Xia Jie and Shang Zhou, this should not be controversial.
week, some troubles. Interrupted mid-week.
The last king of the Western Zhou Dynasty was King You of Zhou Dynasty.
At the beginning of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, there were two kings. King Zhou Xie and King Ping of Zhou. King Zhou Xie became king one year earlier than King Ping of Zhou. The two kings stood side by side for 20 years.
The last king of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty began to have a small controversy.
After the death of King Nan of Zhou , Jiuding returned to Qin, and he never established a king again. But the Principality of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty was still there at that time. In 256 BC, Huiwenjun (Ji Jie) of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty became the emperor. Although Jiuding was gone and the essence of the king was gone, it still continued the incense until 249 BC, when the principality was destroyed by Lu Buwei.
Qin
The last emperor was Hu Hai, that’s okay. But Qin's last boss was not Hu Hai.
After Hu Hai's death, he established Ziying. In order to calm the world, he did not dare to call himself emperor and lowered himself to the rank of king.
Western Han Dynasty
According to the " Han Shu " Emperor Chronicle, the last emperor of the Western Han Dynasty was Han Ping Emperor Liu Kun. Three years after Liu Chan's death, Wang Mang became emperor. There is a three-year gap in between. Is it possible that the world will be without a master for three years? Of course not. In the past three years, Liu Ying has been in place, which is Ruziying . It's just that he is a fool. Wang Mang did not allow him to call himself emperor, and he has always been the crown prince.
The last emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty was Liu Xie, Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty. This is not controversial. After all, the emperor at this time was firmly in the hands of the Cao family. Who dares to make a mistake?
If you have to say that the Shu Han of Liu Bei is the continuation of the Han Dynasty, then it is another matter.
Three Kingdoms
Cao Wei : The last one is Cao Huan
Sun Wu : The last one is Sun Hao
Shu Han: Liu Chan
These are not controversial, either surrendering or being controlled. There was no chance of surviving.
The Two Jin Dynasties
We are not counting the unfilial children and grandchildren of the Sima family who briefly became emperor during the Rebellion of Eight Kings period. After all, they all still have the surname Sima, so it doesn’t count as . The Western Jin Dynasty was disconnected.
The last emperor of the Western Jin Dynasty was: Sima Ye
Sima Ye, who had already crossed the river Sima Rui, waited until Sima Ye died before proclaiming himself emperor.
The Western Jin Dynasty has ceased to exist since Sima Chithe Yongjia Rebellion. The capital is gone, the palace is gone, and the territory is gone. It’s just a matter of persisting, lingering on for breath and not having enough to eat.
The Eastern Jin Dynasty was usurped by Huanxuan during the period of Jin'an EmperorSima Dezong. The history of the regime was called Huan Chu.
This is obviously disconnected, just like the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Western Han Dynasty. Although Liu Yu helped to renew his life after that, Sima Dezong connected it again. After all, he was usurped by a different surname. The remaining years of the Eastern Jin Dynasty should be the second part of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
From this point of view, Sima Dezong was not only the last emperor of the first part of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, but also the founding emperor of the second part of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
then Sima Dewen is the last emperor in the second part of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
Please forgive my laziness, Southern and Northern Dynasties , and those Ran Wei , Nan Yan, Bei Yan and so on. It is really a bit confusing, just look at the main dynasties
Sui
The last emperor was Sui Yang Emperor Yang Guang? Yang Guang was killed in 618, and Li Yuan became emperor in 5618. Is it over? The Sui Dynasty has not yet raised its hands to surrender. If a regime proclaims itself emperor, it means the end of that regime. There have been so many uprisings in history that proclaimed themselves emperor. How do we calculate this? A sentence Prince Xiang Ning has the guts to hang up a big flag and occupy a mountain top? So does Wukong replace the Jade Emperor?
After Yang Guang, there are still descendants of the Yang family: Yang Zhao, Yang You, Yang Hao, Yang Tong! , although it only took a year and a half, it cannot be said to be over with Yang Guang.
It doesn’t matter if other dynasties traveled south in their attire, but it doesn’t matter if I, the Sui Dynasty, live in a corner? Yang Tong succeeded to the throne in Luoyang, the eastern capital, with dignity and dignity, and he had not yet passed the Yangtze River .
Tang
Tang Dynasty This is not controversial, the puppet emperor, Emperor Ai Li Yu [lǐ chù]. , Later Tang Dynasty, , , Southern Tang Dynasty and are considered continuations? It certainly doesn’t count. If that counts, it's too far-fetched.
Let’s skip the Five Dynasties
The Two Song Dynasties
The Northern Song Dynasty Was the last emperor Song Huizong Zhao Ji , or Song Qinzong Zhao Huan?
The Jin army came to the city, Song Huizong gave the Zen throne to the prince Zhao Huan, JingkangThe emperor who surrendered was Song Qinzong, which was the second year after Song Huizong abdicated.
Although I cheated my son, it was Song Qinzong who surrendered after all. Song Huizong lived until 1135, Song Qinzong lived until 1161 (born in 1100), and Song Qinzong died late.
The last emperor should be Song Qinzong Zhao Huan. At most, it is called and Huiqin Emperor .
In the Southern Song Dynasty, who was the last emperor?
As early as 1276 Song Gongzong Zhao 㬎 (xiǎn) abdicated and demoted, and Lin'an fell. Now that everyone has surrendered, does that mean the Song Dynasty is over? Then why does it have to be said that he was supported, that is, Zhao Bing (bǐng) who jumped from a cliff into the sea in 1279 was the last emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty? Just died by jumping into the sea, a tragic death? When he jumped into the sea, he was still a child of seven or eight years old. He was held by Lu Xiufu and jumped into the sea.
If Zhao Bing is counted as the last one, then Yang Guang definitely cannot be counted as the last one.
Yuan
Yuan Dynasty The last emperor was Emperor Shun of Yuan Bo'er Jijin·Tuohuan Tiemu'er?
Don't think that Tuohuantemuer means "iron pot", and people become "scapegoats".
In 1368 AD, when the Ming army occupied Dadu, Tuohuan Tiemuer fled and headed north.
If someone doesn’t surrender, is he the last emperor? If the standards are unified, then Zhao Bing should not be the last emperor.
In the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty, they carried out a clothing migration to the south, and then established a new court in Jiangnan . Even if the country was continued?
After Tuohuan Tiemuer fled in 1368, he worked for another two years, but there was no emperor yet? I worked for another two years. It counts if you flee south, but not if you flee north? Doesn't the logic make sense? The standards are not unified, right?
It was not until 1402 that the Northern Yuan Dynasty was no longer called Yuan Dynasty. At this time, it was Bole Jijin Kun Timur. After this, Yuan Duo was called Mongolia. It persisted until 1635, Ezhe Xian Yuan passed the imperial seal to Hou Jin, and Mongolia was destroyed. Huang Taiji proclaimed himself emperor in Shengjing in 1636, and changed the country's name to Qing Dynasty. In 1644, the Qing army entered the pass.
Ming
The last emperor was Zhu Youjian, the Chongzhen Emperor who hanged himself in 1644 AD?
If Beijing was defeated, would the Ming Dynasty be considered dead? In the Ming Dynasty, there was still a team in the south.
Emperor Yongli Zhu Youlang persisted until 1662 AD. Just because the Nanming and emperors are not alike, they don’t recognize Nanming? Are you positioning the somewhat spirited Emperor Chongzhen as the last emperor?
How many reliable emperors were there in the Ming Dynasty? Why not position the last emperor of the Ming Dynasty as the Ming Yingzong of the Tumubao Incident?
The emperor was kidnapped. The one who is left to proclaim himself emperor should be named Nanming, right? Does it have to be called the same as the Northern Song Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty?
Qing Dynasty
After Emperor Xuantong Puyi , no descendant of Aisin Gioro would become emperor again, right?
are defined in different ways and the standards are not unified. It is indeed difficult to confirm the last emperor.
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