Yi Yin , Ji surname, Yishi, name Zhi, Kongsang (now Kongsang Village, Gegang Town, Qi County, Henan Province), Founding father of the Shang Dynasty, an outstanding politician and thinker.
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Yi Yin, from the late Xia and early Shang Dynasty. "Liezi Tianrui" says: "Yi Yin was born in Kongsang (now Yichuan, Luoyang City, Henan Province). "Mozi Shangxian" states: "Yi Yin is the female servant of the Youshen clan." There are records in the oracle bone inscriptions that " Dayi (i.e., Shangtang ) and Yi Yin are sacrificed together." It can be said that Yi Yin was the first teacher in China to see the oracle bone records.
After Yi Yin was born, he was adopted by a chef from Youshen. Farming in the Shenye, enjoying the way of Yao and Shun. Because he was later named Yin by Shang Tang (equivalent to Prime Minister), he was passed down to the name of Yi Yin. His father was a household slave chef who was both able to slaughter and cook, and his mother was a slave who lived on Yishui (now Luanchuan, Luoyang). Yi Yin was born on water, so he was named Yi.
Yi Yin was smart and intelligent since childhood, and was diligent in learning and progressive. Although he cultivated the wilds of Youshen Kingdom, he was happy with the way of Yao and Shun. He mastered cooking techniques and understood the way of governing the country deeply; he was both a chef of slave owners and a "teacher and servant" of the children of the nobles. Because he studied the governance methods of wise kings such as Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors and King Dayu, he became famous far and wide, so that King Tang, who was eager to seek talents, went to Youshen Kingdom to hire him repeatedly with jade, silk, horse and skin. In the southwest of Kongsangjian, Song County, there is a small hill that is as flat as a few, which is the Sanpintai that Shichuan Shang Tang hired Yi Yin, and the right wing room of the "Yuan Sheng Temple" in Longtou Village, Shagou, Chengnan, is specially built with Sanpintai for future generations to pay tribute. However, King Youshen did not agree to Shang Tang's appointment of Yi Yin, so Shang Tang had to marry Youshen's daughter as a concubine. Yi Yin came to Tang as a dowry slave.
" Mencius " says: "Tang was learned from Yi Yin and then the ministers were later, so he became the king without any effort." It can be seen that Yi Yin was the first emperor's teacher in China. What knowledge did Yi Yin teach Shang Tang? "Mencius Wanzhang" chapter says that Yi Yin taught Tang to imitate the strategy of governing the world with virtue and attacking Xia in order to save the people.
Yi Yin first returned to the Yiluo River Basin and met with Yuanfei of Xia Jie , and learned a lot of important information within King Jie of Xia through Yanxi. In order to test the attitude of the Nine Yi troops towards King Jie of Xia, Yi Yin persuaded Shang Tang and decided to stop giving tribute to King Jie of Xia. As a result, Jie of Xia was furious and "started the nine-nine-nine troops" to attack Tang. When Yi Yin saw that the Jiuyi army was still following the command of Jie of Xia, he asked Shang Tang to temporarily restore the tribute to the Xia Dynasty and actively prepare to attack Xia.
About 1601 BC, Yi Yin decided to stop tribute to King Xia again. Although Jie Xia raised his troops again, he "can't afford to be the army of the Nine Barbarians" and was completely isolated and helpless politically and military. Seeing that the time to destroy Xia was ripe, Yi Yin assisted Shang Tang in attacking Xia immediately. Xia Jie was defeated and fled south. Tang rushed his troops westward and soon captured the confidant area of the Xia Dynasty, the Yiluo River Basin. This battle was Yi Yin's strategy to attack Xia dedicated to Shang Tang. Soon after, the Xia Dynasty was destroyed.
After the establishment of the Shang Dynasty, Shang Tang was named Yizhi Yin. "Shangshu Junshuang" quotes Zhou Gong's words saying "Yi Yinge is in the Emperor's Heaven", which means setting an example, being a role model in the world, and teaching the world is a way of speaking for heaven. His words were equal to God's will. Yi Yin regarded himself as a prophet and regarded his words as the highest doctrine to educate the people. It can be seen that Yi Yin was the person with the highest authority in the country at that time.
After Shang Tang's death, Yi Yin went through Bing and Zhongren and became the guardian of Tang Wang Changsun Taijia. Legend has it that Taijia did not abide by Shang Tang's major policies. In order to educate Taijia, Yi Yin exiled Taijia to a specific educational environment - Tong Palace, the place where Cheng Tang tombs. He and the ministers ruled on behalf of him. He was known in history as the Republic, and wrote the teachings of " Yixun ", "Si Ming", "The Queen", etc., which talked about how to govern, what can be done, what can not be done, and how to inherit the laws of Cheng Tang . Yi Yin's "Taijia Xun" has been lost. According to the saying "Heaven's evil will still be violated; he will not live if he commits evil." The word "living" is written as "�" in "官网 ", which means escape.
In the specific educational environment created by Yi Yin, Taijia guarded Tong Palace for three years, remembered Cheng Tang's achievements and complained about himself, reflected deeply, "to treat benevolence and righteousness", and learned Yi Yin's teachings, gradually realized his own mistakes, and regretted his goodness. When Taijia showed signs of changing evil and becoming good, Yi Yin went to Tong Palace to greet him and handed over the royal power to him, while he himself continued to serve as Taijia's assistant. Under Yi Yin's patient education, after Taijia's repression, he "worked diligently and cultivated virtue" and inherited Cheng Tang's politics, which indeed performed well. The politics of the Shang Dynasty had a Qingming situation again. So Yi Yin wrote three articles in "Taijia" and one article in " Xianyouyide " praised Taijia.
According to scholars' research, in addition to being the minister of the regime, Yi Yin's identity in Shang was also a wizard. Shang was a dynasty that believed in ghosts and gods very much. All major and minor affairs of the country were divined through divination. "The major affairs of the country were sacrificed and warned", so wizards had a high status. Yi Yin is the largest wizard of in the Shang Dynasty. The ancient witch, history and medicine are integrated. The wizard itself has the functions of medicine. "Yi Yin" also has the meaning of medical treatment and courtesy from Yishui. In the final analysis, it is also a wizard from Yishui.
" Han Shu·Yi Wen Zhi " contains " Tang Ye Jing Fa ", and doctors believe that this book was written by Yi Yin. Huangfu Mi in the Jin Dynasty believed that: "Yi Yin used the talent of the sage, and wrote "Shennong Bencao" as Tang Li. Zhongjing on Guangyi Yin Tang Li is dozens of volumes, and it is very effective." Southern Liang Tao Hongjing did not forget Yi Yin's achievements when listing ancient medical philosophers and sages: "In the past, Shennong's king of the world, and painted Yi Gua according to the ancient book "Hong Li Tang Li Bencao ". He firmly believed that Tang Li was founded by Yi Yin: "Shennong tasted hundreds of herbs, established nine signs, and corrected the changes of yin and yang, and saved the life of the dark letters, thinking that it was a method for all generations, which was simple and important. Yi Yin of Yin was more important than Shennong. If he got the key to legislation, he would not harm the soup. "Doctors of all dynasties have believed in the story of Yi Yin's creation of decoction. In the Three Emperors Temples since the Yuan Dynasty, Yi Yin has been listed and enjoyed it, and entered the hall of worship with the ancient legendary doctors. Although Yi Yin is not the main god of the pharmaceutical industry, most people believe that decoction was invented by him. The invention of decoction improved the efficacy of medicine and became one of the most important features of traditional Chinese medicine . According to
, Yi Yin became a streamer after adulthood. When he fell into the Youshen family, he lived by arable land. Although his status was low, he was worried about the world. He saw that the Youshen family had virtuousness. In order to get close to the Heshen king, he served as the personal chef of the Youshen king. The king discovered his talent and promoted him to the official who managed the diet. Later, Yi Yin discovered that the Youshen family had the same surname as Xia, and the blood ties were difficult to break. Moreover, the Youshen country was small and weak, so it was not enough to take on the heavy responsibility of destroying Xia. Only Tang was the ideal candidate, so he decided to join Tang.
At that time, Tang married Youshen. The daughter of the clan was a concubine, and Yi Yin voluntarily served as a dowry minister and went to the Shang Dynasty. He carried a tripod and a soup to cook, and used cooking and five flavors as a guide to analyze the general trend of the world and the way of governing the country, and persuaded Tang to take on the great responsibility of destroying Xia. Tang learned from this that Yi Yin had the talent of conquering the world, so he was exempted from his slave status, and was appointed as the right prime minister, becoming the highest ruling minister.
Therefore, Yi Yin was the first outstanding chef in history to use a tripod and sacrificial tuition to regulate the country with a tripod and sacrificial tuition to assist the emperor in governing the country. He founded The "Five Flavors Seasoning Theory" and "Cooking Theory" are still the unchanging rules of Chinese cooking. He "teaches the people to mix the five flavors, creates the Chinese cooking technique, and opens up the food river of later generations", and occupies an important position in the history of Chinese culinary culture. He is respected by the Chinese culinary community as the "saint of cooking", "the ancestor of cooking" and "the saint of cooking".
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