Introduction: The Mongols once relied on their powerful cavalry to conquer a great country and established a dynasty called "Yuan" on this ancient land of China. However, the Yuan Dynasty did not persist in the Central Plains for a hundred years before it was defeated by various

Introduction

The Mongols once relied on their powerful cavalry to conquer a great country and established a dynasty called "Yuan" on this ancient land of China. However, the Yuan Dynasty did not persist in the Central Plains for a hundred years and was defeated by various rebel armies, especially its main forces were successively eliminated by the Red Turban Army and the Ming army. Why is this? Aren’t the Mongol cavalry very powerful? Why can’t I fight at the end of the Yuan Dynasty?

If you want to know the answers to these questions, you cannot just look at the military. When talking about the rise and fall of a regime, military power is certainly one aspect, but military power is not the only decisive factor.

Mongol Empire just emerged, and when Genghis Khan was expanding everywhere with the Mongols, the military strength and technology of the Mongols were not much stronger than those of neighboring countries. It can even be said that the Mongols at that time were much weaker than some surrounding countries, and the combat power of their single soldiers was not necessarily greater than that of soldiers from surrounding farming countries. Even compared with other nomadic armies that flourished, the Mongols did not show cross-era significance in their simple combat effectiveness.

Mongols won many battles and created brilliant results, but they were also defeated many times, and were even defeated by the enemy with less.

The famous generals of the rise of Mongolia in later generations still had defeats. In the Battle of Dachangyuan, Wanyan Chen and Shang broke through 8,000 Mongolian troops with 400 heavy cavalry. Back to the Battle of Valley, the famous Mongolian general -supported was almost exempted from his body. More than 10,000 people were defeated by the Wanyan Chen Monk, 1,000 Zhongxiao Army cavalry, and 10,000 Zhongyi militias.

But the Mongols eventually became extremely powerful in the hands of the genius commander and won one victory after another. They used tactical advantages to make up for the gap in combat effectiveness, and used simple, direct and effective rule to defeat those forces that had potential but were torn internally and could not be effectively commanded by leaders.

When people talk about the glorious past of the Mongolian Empire, they always forget the situation in the world at that time. You should know that when Genghis Khan rose on Mongolian Plateau , it was also a good time. At that time, the countries and forces around Mongolia and Central Asia were in an embarrassing time.

these forces either reached the end of the dynasty, internal corruption, exhausted military preparations, and became weak in a period of recession, and became weak, and could even be said to be terminally ill, just like Jin Dynasty , Southern Song , Western Xia and other countries, or they just rose. Although the power doubled with the victory of the previous war, it had not yet been time to integrate and a solid ruling system was not established. Most areas of the country had not been effectively integrated and had an effective ruling structure were placed, so they had to face the influx of Mongols, just like Khwarezm .

By the end of the Yuan Dynasty, it was the Mongols' turn to be in an embarrassing situation. The internal bureaucracy was corrupt and the military was exhausted. The Red Turban Army represented by Zhu Yuanzhang and others became a more advanced and efficient side. These warlords who had already emerged in the farmland relied on the territory with more developed economy and more advanced technology to absorb forces from all parties, including a large number of ordinary Mongolians entering their own army, and naturally could defeat the already corrupt Yuan Dynasty.

When the late Yuan Dynasty, the main opponents of the Ming army and other rebellious forces were not so much the Yuan army, but were the warlords of all parties who were nominally affiliated with the Yuan Dynasty emperors but actually had great independence. These warlords are the biggest concerns of Zhu Yuanzhang and others, because both sides are actually at a more efficient level, but the warlords of the Yuan Dynasty also had many more court troubles and political enemies.