As one of the most famous wealthy families in ancient feudal society in my country, Hedong Pei family had already appeared on the historical stage as early as the Eastern Han period. By Tang Dynasty , there were seventeen prime ministers, and their power reached its peak. Among the many historical figures from the Pei family in Hedong, Pei Du in Tang is the best. He has been a prime minister for more than 20 years and was also compared with Guo Ziyi by people at that time, which shows his high status.
In the first year of Yongtai in the Tang Dynasty (765), Pei Du was born in Wenxi County, Hedong Road, which is today's Wenxi County, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province. Although he came from a famous family, Pei Du's grandfather Pei Youlin and his father Pei Xu were only promoted to the magistrate of Puyang County and the magistrate of Mianchi County. It can be seen that his lineage was not very noble before. Dong Dezong In the fifth year of Zhenyuan (789), Pei Du passed the imperial examination and passed the examination for Boxue Hongci.
Later, Emperor Dezong of Tang held an additional examination for virtuous, upright and frank, and Pei Du actively participated and was appointed as the county magistrate of Heyin County for his outstanding performance. With his outstanding performance during his tenure, Pei Du was able to return to the court to serve as the inspector of the Censor. However, he was upright in his character. When he impeached Emperor Dezong of Tang's favored ministers, he spoke fiercely, which aroused the disgust of Emperor Dezong of Tang. He was sent to the Henan Prefecture to become Gongcao and later moved to the residence hall.
After the death of Emperor Dezong of Tang, his son Tang Shunzong was briefly in power. After he ascended the throne, he vigorously reformed, which directly damaged the interests of eunuchs and governors. He was soon forced to abdicate to the crown prince, that is, Tang Xianzong . After Emperor Xianzong of Tang ascended the throne, Pei Du was appointed as the chief official of the official and the chief official of the imperial edict, and later transferred to the position of the doctor of the department. In the seventh year of Yuanhe (812), Wei Bo Jiedushi Tian Ji'an died. Because his son Tian Huaijian was unable to handle military and political affairs at a young age, the officers jointly supported Tian Ji'an's uncle, Tian Xing, and temporarily served as Jiedushi.
Wei Bozhen had previously left the jurisdiction of the court, but in fact it had formed a separatist trend. The former governor Tian Ji'an was even more addicted to wine and sex, foolish and cruel. In contrast, Tian Xing was both virtuous and talented, and had a lot of prestige among the military and civilians. After taking power, Tian Xing took the initiative to write to the court to express his willingness to surrender. Emperor Xianzong of Tang, who was very happy, immediately sent Pei Du as an envoy to Weizhou to announce the edict. After arriving in Weizhou, Tian Xing asked Pei Du to record his humble and law-abiding behavior on the wall of his residence, and the people of Weibo Town also respected Pei Du very much.
Return to Chang'an , Pei Du was named the Minister of the Central Secretariat. Two years later, he was promoted to the position of Chief Censor. The following year, the governor of Huaixi 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 月彩 �
In the early morning of June 3, Wu Yuanheng was assassinated on the way to court, and Pei Du was assassin shortly after leaving the mansion, and was injured by the assassin's third sword. Thanks to his felt hat, he was not seriously injured. The assassination of the prime minister and the chief censor both shocked the entire Chang'an City , but Pei Du was lucky in disguise and replaced Wu Yuanheng as the new prime minister three days after the incident. In fact, after Wu Yuanheng was assassinated, some ministers even proposed that Pei Du should be dismissed to appease Wang Chengzong and Li Shidao. Emperor Xianzong of Tang was furious when he heard this and said: "I use one person to defeat these two thieves."
On the other hand, after being assassinated, Pei Du was recuperating at home for more than 20 days. Emperor Xianzong of Tang specially sent his personal guards to his home to serve. The day before he officially became prime minister, Emperor Xianzong of Tang summoned him to the palace to comfort him. Previously, people inside and outside the court were panicked, and it was not until the news of Pei Du's appointment as prime minister came out. After becoming prime minister, Pei Du focused his work on pacifying Huaixi and completely destroying Wu Yuanji. Before setting out to attack himself, he told Emperor Xianzong of Tang: "The master is worried about the humiliation of his ministers, and his righteousness will die. If the thief is destroyed, then the sky will be on the rise; if the thief is there, then the thief is gone, then the thief is gone without a chance."
After coming to the front line, Pei Du rewarded his soldiers, strictly enforced discipline, and unified military power to improve combat command efficiency. After the rectification, the morale of the officers and soldiers increased greatly, and quick news spread frequently. Unfortunately, Wu Yuanji was threatened by his confidants and wanted to surrender but could not. Just two months later, the governor of Deng of Tang and Deng Li Yan attacked Xuanhu City at night, captured Wu Yuanji alive, and Huaixi was thus pacified. Soon after, Emperor Xianzong of Tang Dynasty granted the title of Pei Du Jin Zi Guanglu Dafu and the Grand Secretary of Hongwenguan , and was awarded the honor of the state of the throne and the title of Jin Duke. ml3
Wu Yuanji's defeat and death caused Wang Chengzong, the governor of Chengde mentioned above, to be very worried. After Pei Du sent an envoy to warn him, he took the initiative to offer the two states of De and Di to show his surrender to the court. Seeing Huaixi returning to the court, Emperor Xianzong of Tang was quite complacent, so he built a large-scale construction of palaces and reused many flatterers who had no real talent and knowledge.
Pei Du saw this and wrote letters to advise him many times, even threatening to resign from the prime minister, but Emperor Xianzong of Tang was always dismissed and even began to alienate Pei Du. In the 15th year of Yuanhe (820), Emperor Xianzong of Tang was murdered by the eunuch Chen Hongzhi. Since then, Pei Du assisted Tang Muzong , Tang Jingzong and Tang Wenzong , and was repeatedly excluded and framed. In the ninth year of Yahe (835), Emperor Wenzong of Tang failed to kill eunuchs and was instead placed under house arrest, which is known in history as " Ganlu Change ". Since then, the eunuch's power has become even more rampant. Pei Du, who was already in his seventies, was discouraged by the career path, so he often gathered with poets such as Bai Juyi and Liu Yuxi to have fun.
The fourth year of Kaicheng (839), Pei Du died of illness shortly after returning to Chang'an from the eastern capital Luoyang. After Emperor Wuzong ascended the throne, Pei Du was posthumously awarded the title of Grand Tutor and was later granted the title of the Tang Dynasty Xianzong Temple. In the 61st year of the Kangxi reign of the Qing Dynasty (1722), Pei Du was worshipped in the East Hall of the Emperor Temple of the Emperors of all dynasties as a representative of the meritorious officials of all dynasties. As an important figure who helped Emperor Xianzong of Tang achieve " Yuan and Zhongxing ", Pei Du was truly worthy of these honors in terms of qualifications, virtues and achievements.
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