House on the streets of Shanghai in the Republic of China
is located in Yuyuan Road in the concession. Many garden villas and new-style houses were built. It was one of the most advanced residential areas in Shanghai at that time. There are many upper class and cultural celebrities living here, which are quiet and peaceful on weekdays.
However, on that afternoon, Deng Jingming, director of the Songhu Security Command, suddenly led the investigation team to come and joined forces with the detectives from the Public Concession General Police Station to surround No. 20 Yuyuanfang. At the order of Police Deng, the investigation team rushed in with guns, and the house was in chaos in an instant.
Soon, all 13 people in the house were arrested. They were sent to the British police station in Jing'an Temple and locked up in a temporary cell that was ten feet apart. In this cell, there is a man named Deng Yanda. After receiving the news, Chiang Kai-shek was ecstatic and ordered the execution of Deng Yanda despite opposition from all walks of life.
On November 29, 1931, Deng Yanda was killed in Shazigang, Qilinmen, outside Nanjing City at the age of 36.
Who is Deng Yanda, why did he go to No. 20 Yuyuanfang, Yuyuan Road, and who betrayed him?
in the middle is Deng Yanda
Deng Yanda, who is definitely a legend. In 1895, Deng Yanda was born in a poor family in Huiyang, Guangdong. He participated in anti-Qing activities when he was a teenager. He was admitted to Guangdong Army Primary School at the age of 14 and followed the student army to participate in the Northern Expedition at the age of 16. Afterwards, Deng Yanda entered the Guangdong Army Crash School and the Wuchang Army Second Preparatory School to study.
After that, Deng Yanda entered Baoding Army Officer School . After graduation, he was promoted all the way in the army and was highly praised by Sun Yat-sen. In 1924, Deng Yanda was appointed as deputy director of the Training Department of the Whampoa Military Academy, and later served as the Education Director of the Whampoa Military Academy. Later, he served as an executive member of the Kuomintang Central Committee and a member of the Presidium of the Central Military Commission. After Chiang Kai-shek launched the "April 12" counter-revolutionary coup in 1927, Deng Yanda publicly condemned Chiang Kai-shek and carried out anti-Chiang activities with Soong Ching-ling .
So the question is, what is Deng Yan doing when he reaches No. 20 Yuyuanfang, Yuyuan Road, Shanghai?
It turned out that Deng Yanda founded the Kuomintang’s temporary action committee in Shanghai, which was called the “third party” at the time. On August 15, 1931, the Third Party secretly opened a short-term cadre training class on No. 20 Yuyuanfang, with the purpose of training the backbone forces for the upcoming Jiangxi Armed Uprising.
htmlOn August 17, the training class officially ended, and the graduation ceremony was held that afternoon, and Deng Yanda rushed to serve as the speaker.The third party also knew that their actions were very dangerous, so they chose to carry out secretly in concession , which is relatively safe. During the graduation ceremony that day, the organizer considered Deng Yanda's safety issues and specifically stipulated that all participants would eat inside and were not allowed to leave midway.
How did the Shanghai Garrison Command get the news with such strict measures? Next, we must introduce a person named Chen Jingzhai.
Chen Jingzhai is a from Duchang, Jiangxi Province and grew up in Jingdezhen. In 1925, he was admitted to the Whampoa Military Academy and served in the Military Medical Department of the school. During the Northern Expedition, Chen Jingzhai became the head of the Third Army's sanitation material warehouse. After the Northern Expedition Army entered Nanchang , he was transferred to the position of prosecutor of the Jiangxi Provincial Procuratorate.
1927, Chen Jingzhai's life took a major turning point.
"April 12" Counter-Revolutionary Coup
Chen Jingzhai wanted to gain some benefits in troubled times, and it would be best to win both fame and fortune. In January 1927, Nanchang established the Kuomintang Jiangxi Provincial Party Committee, and the secretary at that time was Wang Chenxin. Wang Chenxin is a Communist Party member. Under his influence, Chen Jingzhai quickly joined the Communist Party.
Chen Jingzhai did not expect that less than three months after he joined the Communist Party, Chiang Kai-shek launched the "April 12" counter-revolutionary coup and massacred Communist Party members.
Chen Jingzhai was frightened, but he decided to wait and see. The situation at that time was that Jiangxi Provincial Chairman Zhu Peide obeyed the orders of the Wuhan government and was an important figure in the anti-Chiang camp. Moreover, Zhu Peide also wrote a letter to He Yingqin , criticizing Chiang Kai-shek, hoping that He Yingqin would also stand up and oppose Chiang Kai-shek.
Since the Chairman of Jiangxi Province also opposes Chiang Kai-shek, Chen Jingzhai feels that he is still safe in Nanchang for the time being. Unexpectedly, just one month later, Chiang Kai-shek brought Zhu Peid over. At the end of May of that year, Zhu Peide seized the "Sanmin Daily" run by the Communist Party and "sent to the public" more than 100 Communist Party members out of the country.
Chen Jingzhai was stunned when he saw it. What to do? Chen Jingzhai decisively announced his separation from the Communist Party, then rolled up the bedding and went home, and lived in seclusion.
Chen Jingzhai hid in his hometown for almost a year and found that no one paid attention to him. Maybe he ran very promptly, maybe he was just a little person and no one cared about it. In short, Chen Jingzhai thought about it and said that since he had escaped the limelight, he still had to come out and continue to do it. Maybe he could still make a fortune.
In May 1928, Chen Jingzhai came to Shanghai and found Wang Chenxin. Although Chen Jingzhai had escaped before, he did not make any mistakes after all. Wang Chenxin introduced him to Tan Pingshan and asked him to join the third party to carry out underground work.
I would like to briefly introduce the "third party" here.
Deng Yanda
In the winter of 1927, Tan Pingshan, Zhang Bojun and others established the "Chinese Revolutionary Party" in Shanghai, and expressed their intention to continue to pursue Sun Yat-sen's " Three Principles of the People ". Deng Yanda has been keeping in touch with the party overseas. After returning to China, he held a meeting and formally designated the party as the "Interim Action Committee of the Kuomintang", which was called the "third party" at that time.
Chen Jingzhai felt that the third party also pursued Sun Yat-sen's "Three Principles of the People". Chiang Kai-shek would definitely not be a thug, right? After working for a while, Chen Jingzhai discovered that the Third Party was also opposed to Chiang Kai-shek. what does that mean? It means temporary safety, but may die at any time.
At this moment, Chen Jingzhai was promoted to the head of the Organization Department of the Shanghai Branch of the Central Commission for Secretary-General, which was considered a jump to the level and promotion. Chen Jingzhai, who had originally planned to escape again, saw that he had become a high-ranking official and was reluctant to leave. However, he was not good at work and made mistakes one after another.
In March 1931, Deng Yanda removed Chen Jingzhai from his position and asked him to work in Fujian. Chen Jingzhai immediately refused because the situation at that time was too terrible.
It turns out that Deng Yanda has a strong appeal. He has formed the "Huangpu Revolutionary Alumni Association" in Shanghai and formed a branch in Beping and other places, gathering a large number of senior military and political personnel from the Whampoa Military Academy, including Luo Zhuoying , Du Yuming , Song Xilian , Zhou Zhirou and others. Yang Hucheng and Deng Baoshan of the Northwest Army also joined in.
Deng Yanda's influence is getting bigger and bigger, and he began to publish articles frequently, criticizing Chiang Kai-shek. The incident became more and more serious. Chiang Kai-shek was very angry and ordered the arrest of Deng Yanda and the bounty was 200,000 yuan.
Chen Jingzhai understood very well that it was very dangerous for Deng Yanda to fight against Chiang Kai-shek like this. If I went to Fujian and had no familiarity with the place, I might be shot and shot. Therefore, he disobeyed the order and left the Third Party, and began to wander on the streets of Shanghai.
I did nothing and cut off my source of income. Chen Jingzhai felt very uncomfortable. Soon, he heard that Chiang Kai-shek wanted Deng Yanda, and the bounty was as high as 200,000 oceans. This is a huge sum of money. If you can get it, you will definitely be able to live a life of food and clothing when you return to your hometown.
So, Chen Jingzhai decided to betray Deng Yanda.
Songhu Security Command
In July 1931, Chen Jingzhai wrote a letter to KMT Songhu Security Command . In the letter, he said that he was a member of the Third Party and knew Deng Yanda's whereabouts. If the Kuomintang wants to capture Deng Yanda, he can "publish a notice in " Current Affairs New News " in the name of Zhong Changguo's brother searching, and agree to a contact location."
Of course, Chen Jingzhai mentioned his conditions in the letter, that is, "economic aid and political cover, and hopes to fund going abroad." It is obvious that he just hopes to get a huge bounty.
Director of the Inspection Commission Deng Jingming was overjoyed after seeing this letter and quickly reported to the police commander Xiong Shihui .Xiong Shihui had already decided to go to Jiangxi to be the provincial chairman. He was unwilling to cause trouble, so he asked Deng Jingming to send the letter to Shanghai Mayor Zhang Qun . After reading this letter, Zhang Qun thought for a long time, but did not express his opinion. He sent the letter to the Chairman of Jiangsu Province Wang Maogong .
Deng Jingming was stunned. What was the situation? Why didn’t he express his opinion and let him go? In fact, these cunning guys know that this is very tricky. Deng Yanda is not an ordinary person. He has a large number of powerful military and political figures around him. Although Chiang Kai-shek offered a reward for Deng Yanda, he had not yet expressed his opinion on what to do after he was arrested. Deng Yanda has involved too many people and is too complicated, and no one dares to touch him easily.
Deng Jingming couldn't understand this matter and felt angry, so he directly reported the matter to Chiang Kai-shek. Chiang Kai-shek knew his subordinates’ concerns, so he asked his confidant, Jiangsu Provincial Government member Wang Bailing to deal with the matter. Wang Boling understood it and encouraged Deng Jingming to do things boldly. After arresting Deng Yanda, he received many rewards.
Deng Jingming then published the "Seeking Brother" in the "Current Affairs News" for four consecutive days and contacted Chen Jingzhai. The two sides met secretly. After detailed discussions, Deng Jingming confirmed that the whistleblower was indeed familiar with Deng Yanda, so the two sides reached a deal: Chen Jingzhai assisted in the arrest of Deng Yanda, and there was a huge bounty after the matter was completed.
htmlOn August 15, Chen Jingzhai used his former relationship to inquire about the third party's intention to open a short-term training class on the 20th of Yuyuanfang. So he went to the Shanghai Branch of the Central Commission for Officers with shamelessness and apologized "sincerely" and said he wanted to go to the training class to "receive education." Deng Yanda learned the news and agreed to let Chen Jingzhai attend the final graduation ceremony.On the afternoon of August 17, Deng Yanda was speaking at the graduation ceremony. Chen Jingzhai, who was sitting below, suddenly stood up and left, saying that he had a stomachache. The host of the graduation ceremony relaxed his vigilance and let Chen Jingzhai leave.
After leaving, Chen Jingzhai immediately called the Songhu Security Command, and the scene at the beginning of this article happened.
After this incident, Chen Jingzhai disappeared completely.
Jingdezhen
After Deng Yanda was killed, the third party suffered a heavy blow. Since then, some members defected to Chiang Kai-shek, and some people continued to fight, but could only move in a very hidden small circle. In 1935, the Third Party was renamed the Action Committee for the Liberation of the Chinese Nationality. In February 1947, the party was renamed the Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party.
Others may have forgotten Chen Jingzhai, but the Chinese peasant and working-related Democratic Party did not forget him and must catch this traitor. On February 18, 1950, Wang Zhuochao, director of the Public Security Department of Jiangxi Province, received an emergency telegram from Minister of Public Security Luo Ruiqing: Zhang Bojun, chairman of the China Agricultural and Workers Democratic Party, and Peng Zemin, vice chairman, have reported to the Ministry of Public Security twice. There is news that Chen Jingzhai was hiding in the Jingdezhen area and hopes to arrest him as soon as possible.
This day is the second day of the Lunar New Year. Wang Zhuo had already received news from the New Year. He was originally planning to deal with this matter as soon as he went to work after the Spring Festival. Unexpectedly, Minister Luo sent an emergency telegram, and the telegram Lieutenant General Chen Jingzhai called "Jiangxi No. 1 Rebel". Wang Zhuochao understood that he had to catch this person as soon as possible.
On the third day of the Lunar New Year, Tian Ping, director of the Fuliang Public Security Department, was called to Wang Zhuochao's office and received the task of arresting Chen Jingzhai. This made Tian Ping stump. Although Jingdezhen is not big, it still has a population of more than 100,000. Chen Jingzhai must have changed his name and surname. How should I find this person?
htmlOn March 7, Chen Qixun, member of the Standing Committee of the Jiangxi Provincial Committee of the Democratic Party of China, and Xiang Faxuan, member of the Standing Committee of the Jiangxi Provincial Committee of the Democratic League of China, came to help the case handlers and introduced the specific situation of Chen Jingzhai. Since then, Tian Ping decided to narrow the scope of the investigation and target men aged between 50 and 55, who are educated and have been living outside the "pier".Even so, there are many people to investigate. The case handlers read a large number of household registration books and found that a man named Chen Fulin opened a "Lixingfu" porcelain factory in Qingfengling, Fuliang County. The relevant situation of this person is very similar to Chen Jingzhai.
The case handler immediately contacted Zhang Bojun and others in Beijing and learned in detail about Chen Jingzhai's appearance characteristics. After comparing the photos, it was confirmed that Chen Fulin was Chen Jingzhai!
Chen Jingzhai was quickly arrested. After interrogation, he admitted that he was Chen Jingzhai. However, Chen Jingzhai denied everything during the interrogation, and even insisted that Wang Chenxin betrayed Deng Yanda. However, Luo Ren, a member of the Southwest Military and Political Committee who was arrested with Deng Yanda, wrote a letter proving that Chen Jingzhai was a traitor who betrayed Deng Yanda.
After multiple investigations, the Ministry of Public Security obtained a large amount of evidence and determined Chen Jingzhai's crimes. In the end, Chen Jingzhai gave up his denial and admitted his crime.
In June 1951, Chen Jingzhai was sentenced to death and was executed by shooting on June 19. This traitor who betrayed Deng Yanda finally got the end he deserved.
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