When it comes to the first female emperor in Chinese history, the first thing that comes to mind is Wu Zetian . In fact, there was an female emperor before Wu Zetian, that is, Emperor Wenjia Chen Shuozhen, and Chen Shuozhen and Wu Zetian were people of the same era, 38 years earlier than the Queen Wu Zetian became emperor. It can be said that they were the pioneers of Wu Zetian.
Chen Shuozhen, also known as Chen Shuozhen, is from Zhejiang. In October 653, he revolted in the Liujia Forty-eight Party (now the main peak of Baiji Mountains, Chuanjian Yunxin Temple) in Fuchuanshan, Qingxi County, Muzhou. He was called "Emperor Wenjia". In November, he was ordered by Emperor Gaozong of Tang to lead troops to pacify Yangzhou. The uprising lasted for more than two months.
background of the uprising
In the fourth year of Emperor Gaozong of Tang Dynasty, under the fountain of the "Zhenguan Governance" initiated by Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, the social situation was very good, but no matter how good the situation was, it had a shadow, and it could not stop the oppression of corrupt officials on the lower classes. At that time, due to the rich resources of Zhejiang, a place in Zhejiang was under such oppression, with many tyrants and miscellaneous taxes, and ordinary people barely survived. It was really "prosperity, the people suffer, the people suffer, the people suffer." What's more unfortunate is that in 653 AD (the fourth year of Emperor Taihui), a major flood occurred in the local area, and the imperial officials not only did not open warehouses to provide relief grain, but also all kinds of taxes were still collected, only caring for money, regardless of the life and death of ordinary people.
launched an uprising
Chen Shuozhen saw that the villagers around her were killed by corrupt officials and their families were destroyed, so she decided to overthrow the court and lead everyone to a peaceful life. Chen Shuozhen understood that if she wanted to rebel, it would not be possible to rely on herself alone. She first found her brother-in-law Zhang Shuyin and persuaded him to join her. Then Chen Shuozhen was preparing to use the influence of Taoism's Gezao Sect and the secret religion Manichaeism to attract believers. She took a walk first and said that she was the Nine Heavens Xuannvn's mysterious woman and was accepted as a disciple by Taishang Laojun, known as the Holy Mother of the Red Heavens. She also showed the various magic she learned to the people in the surrounding area many times, but was accidentally reported to the government by someone who was interested in it. Chen Shuozhen fooled the people and made bad plans, so Chen Shuozhen was arrested by the government. Fortunately, her believers actively raised money and rescued her. After Chen Shuozhen came back, she believed that her behavior had been noticed by the government and she needed to launch an uprising as soon as possible, otherwise it would change later.
In early October of the fourth year of Yonghui, Chen Shuozhen summoned believers to announce the uprising and ascend the throne to the throne, and called "Emperor Wenjia", appointed his brother-in-law Zhang Shuyin as Shangshupus, and appointed Tong Wenbao as the general. In the following days, the rebel army conquered Tonglu , Muzhou and other places, and approached Shezhou and Wuzhou. For a time, the rebel army became famous. Zizhi Tongjian once recorded that "At the middle of the night, Shuyin led his troops to attack Tonglu and trapped him. Shuozhen hit the bell and burned incense, and led 2,000 troops to capture Muzhou and Yuqian, and attack Shezhou, but failed."
failed uprising
News of the uprising army reached Emperor Gaozong of Tang. Emperor Gaozong was furious and ordered Yangzhou Governor Fang Renyu to lead his troops to suppress. At the end of November, Yangzhou Governor Fang Renyu's reinforcements arrived in Wuzhou and attacked the rebel army with Wuzhou Governor Cui Yixuan. The battle was tragic. In the end, the rebel army was defeated by the imperial army. Tens of thousands of rebels who participated in the battle were finally killed in battle except for more than 10,000 captured. "Emperor Wenjia" Chen Shuozhen and Pushe Zhang Shuyin were captured in the battle and were eventually killed.
Although Chen Shuozhen's uprising lasted only two months, it had a profound impact on the time, breaking the inherent thoughts and authority that only men can be emperors, making people realize that women can also be emperors, and roar at those in power. The lower class is not ant that powerful people can step on to death at any time.
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