Have you ever eaten "Sun Egg" ? Or, do you know what a sun egg is?
We certainly don’t know about living in good days, but in 1961, many people in China “eat”.
The picture comes from the Internet
When they are hungry, they will walk outside the house and find a sand pit everywhere. Wherever there is strong light, there will be the most people, because this is the sun egg.
Experts say "Hot for two hours of sunshine is equivalent to eating an egg" . Contemporary people certainly don't believe such words, but in 1961, when the economy was most difficult, the sun was at its peak at noon, and the streets were full of people basking in the sun.
The economy is so difficult, why did Premier Weekly appear in Jiangxi? Facing the secretary's toast, what are the conditions proposed by Premier Zhou?
Fighting crows to improve food
"I picked up a dead crow, it's cooked, do you want to eat it?"
Chen Xiaolu was a little hesitant because in the fairy tale, crow meat was extremely sour and , the most unpalatable, but his hungry belly made him unable to refuse.
Chen Xiaolu
He followed the master into the room without any hesitation. He didn't even bother to take the chopsticks, and directly grabbed a piece of meat with his hands and started eating. Chen Xiaolu didn't know how to describe what it tasted, because he was so hungry.
As Chen Yi's son , in the three most difficult years of the economy, Chen Xiaolu unfortunately suffered from hepatitis . This is a chronic disease that focuses on nourishment and supplements with treatment. However, facing the limited food for each household, let alone the nutrition required for recovery, even the basic guarantee of daily life has become a problem.
Chen Yi
Everyone was worried, and Premier Zhou's frown had never let go, but in the face of natural disasters, no one could do anything.
In 1959, the country encountered unprecedented serious natural disasters. The area affected by was as high as 44.63 million hectares of . At that time, the new China was in ruins and the industry had not yet developed. The agriculture, which was originally regarded as a rock, also suffered a fatal blow.
Just as the Party and the Central Committee were in a state of great trouble, a rare disaster occurred in the country except Tibet. This time the disaster area was 65.46 million hectares, but the disaster seemed to be "coming in a row".
pictures are from the Internet
The sky is not raining, and the three consecutive years of drought have left no grains in harvest . Everyone is leniating their capital, but the reserved grain will always be eaten one day. When the disaster was hit in 059, farmers placed their hopes in 1960, but a year later, the reserved food was empty, but the disaster situation did not recover at all. What should I do with
?
When fighting, laying troops and placing troops can turn the war into danger, but when food becomes a heart-wrenching problem that affects the overall situation, seeing more than half of the arable land in the country suffer from disasters, The number of abnormal deaths such as hunger and swelling is increasing , Premier Zhou's heart has never been calm.
Pictures are from the Internet
Farmers cannot support themselves and cannot supply cities. It is said that by the beginning of summer in 1960, the supply of food in first-tier cities such as Beijing and Shanghai was in danger. As the capital, Beijing could only last for 7 days.
What is imminent is the high demand for food, but the unbearable goal is to produce only more than 280 billion jin of grain.
pictures are from the Internet
War did not destroy the will and life of the people, and Premier Zhou would not watch the people he desperately protected were "starved to death" by . If the problem was found, the problem must be solved. So he invited the heads of the province, county and community to the Great Hall of the People , and a group of people sat together to hold an emergency meeting.
When grassroots cadres responded to the real situation, Premier Zhou listened carefully and finally proposed a series of measures to "develop production, control consumption, low standards, and produce grain food instead of food" .
Prince Zhou
When the war was fought, Premier Zhou, Chairman Mao and others rushed to the front. When the country was in trouble, they were the first to respond.
Originally, every family of central leaders had "small stoves", but in difficult times, everyone could only eat in the canteen of Zhongnanhai .
In order to balance nutrition, the canteen in Zhongnanhai provides several dishes for people to choose from at will, but in economic difficulties, there are only a few, and they are still available on tickets.
Zhu De and Ye Jianying
In order to ensure the implementation of the policy, Premier Zhou held a meeting of the directors of the Northern Grain Department every month, ordering the central responsible persons in charge of agriculture to personally deploy and make careful arrangements.
Reports of food emergency were sent to the desks of Premier Zhou, Li Xiannian and others. In the most difficult years of 1960 and 1961, the lights in Premier Zhou's bedroom were forever gone, but the lights in the office were bright all night long.
In order to solve the food problem of hundreds of millions of people, Premier Zhou worked tirelessly and personally directed the transfer of grain. The allocation of provinces is difficult, Premier Zhou will appear wherever he is. The people praised him as "Commander-in-Chief of Grain Dispatch" . But no matter when he lives, Premier Zhou will always be able to tell the priority, as well as where he needs to save and where he cannot.
He is in the next big game of chess
"This year, the grain supply is tight, and the cotton harvest should not be high, so the tickets will not be issued in the spring of 1960, and the number will be issued less by the autumn and the next year."
Premier Zhou
Because of this, Premier Zhou's 's clothes were torn and then he wore . However, when someone proposed to issue a special food stamp for passengers taking trains, ships, and planes, which could save about 75 million kilograms of grain a year, Premier Zhou refused after repeated consideration.
Because difficulties are difficult, but they cannot increase trouble. Most of the passengers are foreign guests and overseas Chinese. If leaves a bad impression on them due to temporary food difficulties, then the effort spent on diplomacy in more than ten years after the founding of New China is equivalent to burning down.
As for 75 million kilograms of grain, Premier Zhou "earned back" with one glass of wine with .
Premier Zhou
It was mid-September 1961 and he was about to attend the Central Work Conference held in Lushan. Everyone was very tired, but Premier Zhou did not rest for a moment and pulled Tan Zhenlin and Luo Ruiqing to Nanchang, Jiangxi.
For China, Nanchang is a special existence because the uprising here fired the first shot of armed resistance to the reactionary rule of the Kuomintang, and Premier Zhou was the leader of the uprising.
returned from 1961, and Premier Zhou had been away from this land for 34 years.
Premier Zhou
Wanderer is close to the hometown, but the local leaders and people warmly welcomed Premier Zhou's arrival and arranged a table of food that is still acceptable under limited conditions.
All day long have tossed, everyone is hungry, but Premier Zhou doesn’t move a single chopstick. While everyone is burying their hard work, they affirmed the work in Jiangxi Province.
The central leaders recognize themselves so much, and the provincial party secretary who is responsible for agricultural production came to Premier Zhou with a glass of wine.
Premier Zhou
"Prime Minister, Nanchang is the birthplace of the People's Liberation Army. Today you have finally come back. On behalf of the people, I wish you a glass of wine. I hope you are healthy and have a long life."
Everyone else on the table was making excuses, but Premier Zhou, who stood up, hugged his hands in front of his chest and smiled and said , "Drinking is OK, but I have a condition."
Liu Junxiu
When the familiar "diplomacy posture" was put on, Liu Junxiu realized that it was not simple and asked a little nervously, "Prime Minister, tell me."
"One glass of wine, the external grain is increased by 100 million jin. I'll have three cups in a row, you can see how good it is."
Liu Junxiu's face collapsed immediately. The country's economy was in a tense state, but he was also very heavy on Jiangxi because the task of transferring food from the State Council to them has reached 1.2 billion jin, and it is probably a bit difficult to add 300 million.
But Premier Zhou did this, not "bullying" Jiangxi or making things difficult for Liu Junxiu, but was aware of the grain output of provinces across the country.
Premier Zhou
One day in March 1961, Premier Zhou and the comrades in the Ministry of Grain were still studying the allocation arrangements for grain in various provinces late at night, but the moon was already shining. Premier Zhou discovered a 50 million kilograms of mistake during the review.
Where did the grain go? The responsible person of the Ministry of Food racked his brains and couldn't remember it. In the end, Premier Zhou said, "Have you registered the 50 million kilograms added by Zhejiang Province?"
The staff member's head was shaking like rattle , and he found this batch of "life-saving food" without any danger.
is aware of the data, and knowing that adding 300 million jin is not difficult for Jiangxi, so Premier Zhou made this request, knowing that if the country had not urgently needed Jiangxi's support, Premier Zhou would definitely not be like this. Liu Junxiu was not shirking, and raised her arm and clinked her wine glass.
I was reluctant to suffer because of the trouble. October 1960 was the most stressful time for transporting food.
In order to let the central government transfer food for them, and to produce some "local specialties" to relieve their stressful life, Qinghai Province salvaged 50,000 kilograms of fish from Qinghai Lake and sent it to Beijing.
A life of stretchedness suddenly has fish to eat. This is something that many people will be happy when they think of it. However, looking at the scene of a "big harvest", Premier Zhou was furious and severely criticized "this is a naked back door" and ordered the whole country to "not send a fish with a needle and a thread of a fish."
Premier Zhou
Premier Zhou did not take a bite, but continued to eat his own steamed buns.
Because the head of the Ministry of Food holds a meeting once a month, sometimes when the meeting is over, Premier Zhou will invite them to have a meal together, but it is not a "good thing".
The main food is either steamed buns or noodles soup. The dishes are usually stewed with cabbage and tofu . Occasionally, some vermicelli will be added. How long does the country have to be difficult? How long does it take for Premier Zhou to eat like this?
In 1962, when he went to , the three northeastern provinces, , when Premier Zhou met the staff, "If you don't eat fish, eggs, and meat, you won't be able to do it." Worried that the staff would not listen, Deng Yingchao also personally took paper and pen and wrote down "Do food according to central regulations."
Prince Zhou and Deng Yingchao
The chef who cooked saw the order, and before the dishes were cooked, tears came down first, because he had been a chef for so many years, and had never seen Premier Zhou like this, and he was not allowed to eat this, nor was he allowed to cook, and he was "easy to feed" whatever was cheap.
Premier Zhou saves as much as possible for himself and his family, but Premier Zhou has always been generous with intellectuals and workers.
When economic difficulties were in trouble, the quantitative amount of grain for coal miners dropped from 60 kilograms to 45 kilograms, and the supply of meat, wine and sugar was greatly reduced.
Premier Zhou must not only worry about the food scheduling in various places, but also familiar with the situation in various provinces. However, when he learned about the situation of the workers, Premier Zhou immediately proposed that not only does not reduce the amount of food, but also should provide appropriate food subsidies to . As for the workers who went down the well, he also deliberately reminded him to supply wine to drive away the cold.
Premier Zhou
Food is tight, but the lives of compatriots are more important in Premier Zhou's heart.
For senior intellectuals and cadres above the 17th level, Premier Zhou urged relevant personnel to subsidize them with a small amount of meat, eggs and soybeans when he refused to take in. This time, it is for the hope of the country.
Premier Zhou's heavy blow stabilized the hearts of the people, but in fact, by the end of 1960, the allocation of food between provinces alone could no longer completely solve the problem. Fortunately, Premier Zhou quickly thought of the feasible strategy of importing grain .
Prince Zhou
In order to ensure that there is food to be fed, Premier Zhou personally went to Myanmar on December 30, 1960, and at the end of the interview, he told the Deputy Minister of Foreign Trade to figure out "Can you really buy food? What to do with the transportation problem? How to solve the payment problem of Foreign Exchange ?"
Most people solve the problem after the problem occurs, But Premier Zhou often takes all the possibilities when he takes the first step.
After the negotiations on imported food was completed, Premier Zhou still did not relax and had to personally determine the transportation situation every night. Due to the rapid implementation of this measure, the grain supply in the severely affected areas was guaranteed, and the grain sales crisis in Beijing, Shanghai and other places was quickly lifted.
Prince Zhou
As for Sichuan's grain emergency in 1962, Premier Zhou, after careful calculations, also allocated 250 million jin of grain in the second quarter, allowing them to successfully survive the spring famine.
Natural disasters are ruthless, and the world is righteous. After the three years of difficult periods have passed smoothly, Premier Zhou did not feel that things have ended here. Instead, he followed Chairman Mao's instructions to "storage grain for the people, and rich for the people", so that the country's grain reserves will increase and decrease year by year, building another line of defense to reduce disasters and harm the people, so that no matter what happens, the people can have food and clothing.
Prince Zhou
As the Prime Minister of the People, Premier Zhou contributed everything he had to the people . He will always be a good Prime Minister of the people and will always live in the hearts of all Chinese people.
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