Preface
Liu Zhao is the fourth emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty . In 88 AD, Emperor Zhang of Han Liu Gui died of illness. The nine-year-old Liu Zhao inherited the throne. At the beginning of his succession, the imperial power fell. Empress Dowager Dou is the commander of the dynasty, and the lower part is the Dou Xian is abusing the government.
When he was young, Liu Zhao was reluctant to send a message and waited for the opportunity. In 92 AD, the thirteen-year-old Liu Zhao joined forces with the eunuch Zheng Zhong unexpectedly arrested Dou Xian and his followers and regained the power of the government. After taking office, Liu Zhao worked diligently on political affairs, recuperated internally, sluggish taxes and levies, and reused a group of wise ministers and generals such as class and over , and served as a group of foreign forces such as Western Regions , Western Qiang , Xiongnu , and sturdy border security and stability.
With his efforts, the Eastern Han Dynasty's national strength reached its peak, surpassing the Guangwu Zhongxing and Mingzhang's rule, and was called " Yongyuan Longevity " by people at that time.
However, it is such a wise king who died young at the age of 27. The prosperous age he created is like a flash in the pan, obliterated in the dust of history.
Ascended the throne at a young age, and had a four-year puppet career
Liu Zhao was born in 79 AD. However, not long after he was born, his mother Liang Guiren was persecuted and framed by Empress Dou and died of depression. Little Liu Zhao was raised by Empress Dou, and Empress Dou also regarded him as his own.
However, Empress Dou's purpose was not simple. Three years later, Empress Dou once again played tricks to persecute Prince Liu Qing, prompting Emperor Zhang of Han to depose him. The three-year-old Liu Zhao was elected to the throne of the prince.
html In 788, Emperor Zhang of Han died of illness, and Liu Zhao succeeded to the throne, and Emperor He of Han, Empress Dou realized her political ambitions. Not only was she upgraded to Empress Dowager Dou, but she also took advantage of Liu Zhao's young age to imitate the system of empire in the dynasty.
As the saying goes, "One person is at the utmost, the chicken and the dog are ascended to heaven." The entire Dou family, with the support of Empress Dowager Dou, became the first foreign relative and powerful man at that time.
Empress Dowager Dou promoted his elder brother Dou Xian to the Servant, in charge of the court secrets, and was responsible for issuing edicts. Her younger brother Dou Du was appointed as the General of the Hu Ben and the Guards of the Palace. The other two younger brothers Dou Jing and Dou Huan were both appointed as the General Officer, responsible for conveying edicts and unified documents.
In this way, Dou completely controlled the central secrets of the court, while Empress Dowager Dou himself unified the highest power in his own hands and achieved monopoly of power. Han Hedi was just the puppet emperor in his hands.
In 89 AD, Dou Xian sent troops to attack the Northern Xiongnu, defeated the Xiongnu in Hangaishan, Inner Mongolia, chased for more than 3,000 miles outside the border, wiped out the main force of the Xiongnu, and carved stones and scored merits in Yanran Mountain, , which is known in history as "Yanran Stones".
In the following year, Dou Xian won a great victory in the Battle of Jinweishan, the Northern Huns suffered heavy damage, Shanyu disappeared, and the remnants of the forces had to flee from Mobei, and moved westward. The battle between Han and Huns, which had been more than 300 years, was completely over.
The Dou family has become more powerful and arrogant with this military achievements. They indulged their slaves in their mischief and even openly blocked the road and insulted women during the day. In the court, Empress Dowager Dou arranged a large number of Dou's children and trusted followers to key departments and local counties. They colluded with each other, indulged in power, and did whatever they wanted, and retaliated against ministers who did not obey their own ranks. Even Song You , who was a Taiwei, was persecuted and died.
Although Emperor He of Han was not old, he was very dissatisfied with the autocratic and domineering Dou family, but his strength was weak and he could only endure it. Some people from the Dou family were not satisfied with the status quo and conspired to kill the monarch and seize power.
However, Liu Zhao learned about the rebellion. When he learned about their conspiracy, Liu Zhao realized that the situation was very critical and had to go all out and take action as soon as possible.
kills Dou family, the first emperor in Chinese history to rely on eunuchs
For Emperor He of Han, it was extremely difficult to turn the tables against the wind and gain power. Dou Xian was not only supported by Empress Dowager Dou, but his clan confidants were all over the court, and all officials of all sizes depended on Dou Xian. Emperor He of Han himself had no one available, except for the eunuchs who got along with him.
Among these eunuchs, only the Zhongchang Shi Zheng Zhong was cautious and quick-witted, quite scheming, and was not interested in the Dou family group at all. So Emperor He of Han conspired with him and decided to get rid of Dou Xian.
Because Dou Xian was leading the army at this time, Emperor Han and Emperor decided not to alert the enemy to avoid angering Dou Xian’s rebellion.
On the one hand, he issued an edict to pacify Dou Xian through rewards to paralyze his thoughts, and on the other hand, he secretly dispatched the imperial guards in the palace to ensure that they were used for their own use in times of crisis. When everything was ready, Emperor Han and Emperor waited for Dou Xian to return to the court and gave him a fatal blow.
In 92 AD, Dou Xian returned to the capital Luoyang . Emperor He of Han was in charge of the Beigong and issued an edict to order the five captains of the Jinwu and the Northern Army to lead troops to garrison Nangong and Beigong.
When Dou Xian and others entered the city, Emperor He of Han immediately ordered the city gate to be closed, arrested Guo Huang, Deng Die, Deng Lei and other minions, and put them all in jail and executed.
also put Dou Xian under house arrest, took back the ribbon of his general's seal, changed him to the title of Champion Marquis, and sent him, Dou Du, Dou Jing and other Dou powerful people to their respective countries.
Dou Xian and others who lost their military power could only obey and rush to the bribery obediently, but Emperor He of Han did not intend to give up.
In order to prevent them from making a comeback, Emperor He of Han ordered himself to commit suicide after they returned to the fiefdom. At this point, Emperor He of Han successfully eliminated the power of the Dou family's relatives with the cooperation of the eunuch group, recreating the story of Emperor Xuan of Han Liu Xun of the killing of Huo family, and Emperor He of Han was able to regain power.
The rise of Yongyuan, the national strength of the Eastern Han Dynasty reached its peak
Western Han Han Emperor Xuan killed the Huo family, started the revival of the Han Xuan, and restored the national strength of the Western Han Dynasty to its peak. After Emperor He of Han eliminated the Dou family, the national strength of the Eastern Han Dynasty also reached its peak.
After thirteen-year-old Liu Zhao personally took charge of the government affairs, he attended the court every day and reviewed memorials late at night, never slacking off. In terms of economy, Emperor He of Han issued several edicts to provide relief to the victims, reduce taxes, resettle refugees, encourage farmers and sericultures, comply with the suffering of the people, and establish warehouses to help the victims in the year of famine.
Under his governance, the country and the people lived and worked in peace for more than ten years. By 105 AD, the area of land reclamation in the Eastern Han Dynasty reached more than 7.32 million hectares and the registered population reached more than 53.25 million, both of which were the highest in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
This year, eunuch Cai Lun transformed paper manufacturing technology, making Chinese written records separate from the era of using bamboo slips. papermaking has also been passed down to this day as the four major inventions we are familiar with.
Political, Emperor He of Han selected talents and appointed talents, issued four orders to recruit talents, selected outstanding bureaucrats to take charge of the government, and implemented lenient administration and lenient punishment.
In military, Emperor He of Han also achieved proud results. When the Huns heard that Dou Xian was killed, they began to move again. They did not take the teenage Emperor Han He seriously, Emperor He of Han did not give the Huns any chance to breathe. From 1994 to 1996, the Eastern Han army went out to the frontier three times, defeating the Southern Xiongnu Fenghou Shanyu rebelled, and dismantling the Xiongnu's attempt to escape from the Han Dynasty.
At the same time, the Han Dahan attacked in many directions in the northwest, northeast and south of . In 94 AD, Emperor He of Han sent Western Regions to manage Ban Chao to manage the Western Regions, defeating Yanqi and Yuli, and subduing more than 50 countries in the Western Regions. Ban Chao even had more than 30 years of jurisdiction, which caused a great deterrence to the Western Regions.
From 1996 to 101, Emperor He of Han sent troops to defeat the Western Qiang twice, defeated the Xianbei, and quelled the Wuman rebellion in Hubei.
In the past ten years, Emperor He of Han has made great achievements in martial arts, expanded his territory, and the four barbarians have been serving. The Eastern Han Dynasty achieved great strength, and people at that time called it "the prosperity of Yongyuan".
died young and was extremely prosperous and declining
Under the careful governance of Emperor He of Han, the Eastern Han Dynasty was prosperous. However, more than ten years of hard work also overdrawn Emperor He's body. In 106 AD, Emperor He of Han died of illness at the age of twenty-seven.
Because the eunuch group made great efforts during the process of Emperor He of Han seizing power, eunuchs had always been involved as important political forces during the reign of Emperor He of Han. Historical records: "Eunuchs used power from this beginning."
Although He Emperor can control eunuchs well and use them well for his own use, eunuchs have risen and the emperor who succeeded to the throne in later generations is younger.
The son of the emperor Liu Long Ascended the throne, he was just a hundred days after he was born. He was the youngest emperor in Chinese history. He could not control power at all, which led to eunuchs and relatives taking turns to take turns to serve as the governor, and the Eastern Han regime gradually declined.
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