5 Episode stating the things of the Qin Empire (Thirty-four)
Qin Xiaogong's person and affairs The Qin Dynasty's initial decision
Author‖Liang Chao
Qin Xiaogong is such a person who is clear-minded in his heart, can endure in major events, open-minded and wise, so he can always make the right choice at critical moments.
For example, following the opinions of the old man Baili, issuing orders to seek talents to the six countries, appointing Shang Yang's reforms, and appointing Shang Yang to lead troops to fight, all of which have achieved great success, especially the battle between Qin and Wei and Xibi, which can be regarded as a masterpiece of Shang Yang's life.
According to records, in the 19th year of Qin Xiaogong ( in 343 BC), the Qin State built a city in Wucheng ( now Huaxian County, Shaanxi Province) to strengthen border defense. During this period, due to frequent disputes with Wei in Hexi, small soldiers on both sides invaded the border from time to time, but the border was generally maintained.
In fact, during the reign of Qin Xiaogong, in order to create a stable environment for Shang Yang's reforms, Qin did not have many foreign wars. However, Qin Xiaogong was very good at finding opportunities. After fighting several battles with Wei, he basically won a great victory and recovered a lot of Hexi.
Objectively speaking, the Wei State was in power in the same period as Duke Xiao, and King Hui of Wei was favored by the prosperity of the North China Plain. Therefore, his strategic direction has always been in the eastern region, with the main opponents being Zhao and Qi, while the Qin State has always been defensive.
For this reason, King Hui of Wei also moved the capital from Anyi in the western part of Wei (Xia County in Yuncheng, Shanxi) to Daliang in the eastern part ( now Kaifeng, Henan ).
In the eighth year of Duke Xiao of Qin ( 354 BC ), Duke Xiao of Qin took advantage of the main force of the Wei army to attack Zhao State and sent troops to attack Wei State, defeated the Wei army, and recaptured most of Hexi, and sent troops to occupy Shaoliang.
In the 21st year of Qin Xiaogong ( 341 BC ), Wei State suffered heavy damage from Qi State in the Battle of Maling. Wei General Pang Juan committed suicide and Prince Shen was captured. In this battle, the Qi army defeated the main force of Wei, and from then on, Wei was greatly injured and could not recover.
At this time, Shang Yang advised Qin Xiaogong and said, "Wei State is a confidant of our Qin Kingdom. When Wei State is strong, we will come to attack our Qin Kingdom. This time, the Battle of Maling was defeated and Wei State was greatly damaged. We will take advantage of his illness to kill him and take the opportunity to retake our Hexi land."
Qin Xiaogong, Qin Xiaogong adopted Shang Yang's suggestion and decided to take advantage of the opportunity that Wei State's strength had not yet recovered and attack Wei. So Shang Yang was sent to attack Wei State, and Wei State also sent Prince Huo to fight. During the confrontation between the two armies, Shang Yang wrote a letter to Prince Edward, saying: "When I was in Wei, we were good friends, but now we meet each other as hostile parties and attack each other. I really can't bear it! Why don't we meet each other and have a few drinks together, and then make an alliance to make peace between the two countries to calm the hearts of the people of the two countries."
Prince Edward thought about it and thought it was good. Nowadays, the Wei State was full of smoke, Qi and Zhao invaded the country, and the national strength was empty, so we could not start a war on both sides. So, they agreed to go to the alliance. Unexpectedly, when the two of them were drinking at a high temperature, Shang Yang called out the swordsman and took down Gongzi Ze.
At that time, the young master was so angry that he scolded him loudly. Shang Yang was not angry, but just took him into the army to eat and drink, and ordered the soldiers to take strict supervision.
Most people in ancient times attached great importance to what they said, and often the words of a gentleman are as good as possible, especially those who are big names.
But who knew that Shang Yang did not play according to common sense, and did not bother to send troops to deceit, and he still didn't care about the name behind him. The Wei army had no leader, and Shang Yang took the opportunity to send troops to attack the Wei army, and thus defeated the Wei army.
King Hui of Wei was defeated by Qi and Qin in succession. King Hui of Wei was very scared, so he cut off the land of Hexi and took the initiative to sue the Qin State for peace.
King Hui of Wei said: "Du Shuzhuo suggested that I use Shang Yang back then. If I don't use it, I would kill Shang Yang. I really regret not listening to him at the beginning!"
At this time, Qin had basically mastered the southern area west of the Yellow River, which is the part of the Guanzhong Plain in Hexi, and the Shangjun area in the north should still be in the hands of the Wei Kingdom ( now part of northern Shaanxi ).
Shang Yang made such a great contribution and granted him the fifteen cities of Shang. This is why we all called him Shang Yang later.
SummaryThe Qin Xiaogong dynasty has basically laid the foundation for Qin to unify the world. The country is prosperous and strong, and the Wuguan, Hanguguan, and southwestern Hexi. Wei has been destroyed and Qin is in prosperity.
In history, many people think that Qin Xiaogong and Shang Yang will only steal peaches behind their backs. They took advantage of the situation in several wars. Seeing that Wei was defeated by Qi, they attacked Wei and took advantage of the situation and dared not fight against Wei.
But from the actual situation at that time, Qin Xiaogong's strategy was undoubtedly the most correct, and it was also a rare machine for Qin to recover Hexi. If leading troops to fight, if you can get the greatest benefits at a very small cost, why not do it?
It consumes too much to face a hard country. Moreover, Qin was in a critical period of reform, a period of rising national strength, and Wei was a period of decline in national strength, so there was no need to fight with Wei.
Summary of Qin Xiaogong's dynasty, when he was in power, he knew people and was good at responsibilities, and recruited a group of talented people, putting them all in an important position as county magistrates. During Shang Yang's reform, they were all key figures in supporting and implementing the new law, so that the new law could be implemented smoothly, and the Qin State transformed from a poor and weak country into a strong country in twenty years.
Qin State became strong, and the Hexi, Hangu Pass and Lishi Fortress stolen by Wei State were recovered and moved to Xianyang. The people's lives were also better. Everyone was grateful to Qin Xiaogong and treated him like a god.
It is said that after Qin Xiaogong's death, his hearse was surrounded by thousands of people and carried to Beiban. Such a grand scene shocked the envoys of Shandong countries. No one had ever seen such a king who was so popular with the people, and no one had ever seen such a majestic and sad funeral. At the same time, this is also the best interpretation of Qin Xiaogong's lifelong achievements by people in the world, especially Qin people. (Original work of , do not reprint without permission, thank you )
Editor in charge: Rong Feng
Press the title photography: Liang Chao
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