After the meeting began, Chairman Mao walked onto the rostrum in Zhongshan dress with his head held high, and announced in a stern manner: "Comrades: The Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China is now open."
Immediately afterwards, Chairman Mao summarized the tasks completed by our party since the Seventh National Congress in his opening speech, analyzed the current domestic and international environment, and explained the main tasks of this conference.
During the speech, there was a thunderous applause in the venue, expressing the recognition and appreciation of the delegates.
Chairman Mao loves writing articles, so his speeches are almost all from his own writing, but in the lounge after the meeting, he told everyone: opening speech was not written by himself, but by a young scholar. This person is Tian Jiaying .
Comrade Tian Jiaying served as the secretary of Chairman Mao for a long time, and he also drafted the opening speech of the Eighth National Congress.
So, what stories do he have with Chairman Mao?
(Note: Chairman Mao on the Eight Great Congress)
Let us enter this past story together.
was appreciated by the Chairman
During the Yan'an period, the name Tian Jiaying had already been known to Chairman Mao. One very important reason is that he wrote good articles and had unique political views, which hit the current situation.
He has published articles such as "Slaves' Opinions" and "Starting from Hou Fangyu", which profoundly exposes the Kuomintang's cultural reactionary and autocracy, which is a sharp attack.
(Note: Tian Jiaying)
In addition, he also has a lot of his own experience in communicating with people. Once, Chairman Mao passed by a classroom and found that Tian Jiaying was teaching some cadres inside. It was vivid, accurate and interesting. Chairman Mao stopped and listened.
Time came to 1948. At the critical moment of the Liberation War, the national situation also ushered in a major turning point. Chairman Mao, who was in Xibaipo , increased his workload.
In order to complete daily work more efficiently, the Chairman needs more staff. It was at this time that Hu Qiaomu recommended Tian Jiaying to the Chairman as secretary.
Chairman Mao had admired his ability very much before, so he agreed to stay by his side to work without hesitation. But there are naturally necessary "tests".
For the first time we met, Chairman Mao asked, "What do you think about working here?"
Although Tian Jiaying is very talented and has outstanding abilities, she is also very nervous when she comes to work with Chairman Mao for the first time. He replied, "Don't seek merit, but seek nothing wrong."
may be out of conservatism or humility, which made him produce this answer, one that Chairman Mao answered was not completely satisfied, because it was a critical moment of the revolution, and it was not enough to complete the work step by step, and we must always keep moving forward and improving.
But Chairman Mao’s cleverness is in line with that he will not easily deny a person’s potential and ability because of a single answer. Marxists pay attention to dialectics. Whether they can be competent must be verified through daily practice.
soon, the first test came, Chairman Mao needed to draft a telegram, and this task was handed over to Tian Jiaying, and this was a on-site examination, which was taught by Chairman Mao and Tian Jiaying on-site drafting.
Thanks to his writing skills, Tian Jiaying quickly completed this document in accordance with the instructions and spirit of the Chairman. His words were accurate and his writing was sharp.
For the No. 1 figure in the Party Central Committee, sending any telegram is a very serious matter and there cannot be any mistakes. After reading Tian Jiaying's answer, Chairman Mao did not give clear praise, but did not make any modifications. It can be seen that he was very satisfied with the telegram.
(Note: Tian Jiaying and Family)
The first test mainly made Chairman Mao affirm Tian Jiaying's writing ability and insight, so the ability of the second test was more comprehensive and complex.
This time, Chairman Mao asked Tian Jiaying to inspect the cities that our army recovered from , and did not give a clear direction of investigation. He just said, "You just look around, look at the streets, shops, factories, and people's sentiments. After reading, report to me."
This is very meaningful. The leader arranged for me to inspect, but did not give clear instructions. So how should I carry out my work? Tian Jiaying began to think seriously.
At this time, the War of Liberation has entered the late stage. With the rapid advance of our army, the Kuomintang army has retreated step by step, and their final outcome has been doomed.
Most of China's territory will be regained and liberated, but in the past, our party's governance and governance experience was mostly concentrated in rural areas, and there was a lack of research on the issues of urban construction and governance.
Thinking of this, Tian Jiaying understood the Chairman's intention. This time he was sent to these cities, so he naturally had to summarize more ways to take over and govern the city.
Tian Jiaying realized that after the founding of New China, we must embark on the road of transformation from a backward agricultural country to an advanced industrial country, so he focused this inspection on industrial construction in the Northeast.
, accompanied and assisted by the Northeast Bureau, conducted several days of inspection and investigation, and finally formed his own report, and then returned to Beijing to report.
(Note: Tian Jiaying and his son)
official did not announce the details of this inspection, but it can be seen from the later sending him to Sichuan, Zhejiang and other provinces for visits, it can be seen that Tian Jiaying obviously passed this test and was competent for this job.
With long-term relationships, Tian Jiaying and Chairman Mao are not only partners who have tacit cooperation at work, but also become like-minded friends in life. Although the age gap is large, the two have common topics that they can’t finish talking about.
Not only did he give him many work matters, but he was basically in charge of Chairman Mao’s many outings. He could truly be called the “master” around the Chairman.
It is also worth mentioning that although Tian Jiaying is about the same age as Chairman's son Mao Anying, he has served as Mao Anying's teacher for a long time and has taught a lot of knowledge related to literature and history.
(Note: Mao Anying and Chairman Mao)
for more than 0 years. It is precisely because of such a right-hand assistant and close friend that Chairman Mao’s work was carried out and completed more smoothly, and he became the most famous of Chairman Mao’s many secretaries.
drafting opening speech
We all know that the Seventh National Congress was held in 1945. According to the time calculation, the convening of the Eighth National Congress should be around 1948. However, due to the development of the national revolutionary situation and the progress of the civil war, there was obviously no such condition at that time, so the meeting was postponed to 1956.
At this time, under the leadership of the Party, we won the victory in the Battle of Resisting U.S. Aggression and Aiding Korea, restored the national economy, and basically completed the three major transformations of socialism. It is also under this background that the convening of the Eighth National Congress is particularly significant.
This is a key node for us to continue to explore the path of socialist construction and formulate routes, principles and policies under the new situation. Therefore, the central government attaches great importance to the planning of the meeting.
At the enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee officially held by the Eighth National Congress, Chairman Mao made the famous report on "On the Ten Relationships", which gave the content of the Eighth National Congress a major argument and theoretical basis.
The person responsible for preparing the eight political reports was Chairman Liu Shaoqi. Based on the relevant spirit in Chairman Mao’s previous speech and his own views, he first found Comrade Hu Qiaomu to draft it.
During this process, many modifications were made. After each manuscript was published, Liu Shaoqi would send the report to Chairman Mao for review. Until the day before the meeting, the two were still considering each other word by word.
(Note: Liu Shaoqi and Mao Zedong)
Chairman Mao’s last instructions were: “You have made changes in other places, please directly translate and draw a sample, and don’t send it to me again."
The opening speech part at the opening ceremony of the Eight Major Leagues is personally controlled and responsible by Chairman Mao himself.
Chairman Mao has a habit of making reports, giving speeches or creating articles, and he doesn't like to write on his behalf. He once explained his own opinion.
"Some people have to do their own work for their own writing. I never ask others to do my work on my behalf. When I am sick, I can’t write it, so I just say it with my mouth. ...Of course, not everything is written by yourself and you have to give your own advice and let others write it. "
The opening speech of the Eighth National Congress obviously belongs to the latter he said. Maybe he is not very satisfied with what he wrote this time. Chairman Mao drafted the opening speech twice, but in the end he did not insist on the final draft.
is only a few days away from the opening of the conference, and the deadline for completing the manuscript can be said to be very tight, so the Chairman thought of Tian Jiaying's talented. When explaining the task to Tian Jiaying, Chairman Mao specifically instructed,
"Don't write too long. If there is a manuscript in his pocket, I feel relieved. "
Tian Jiaying immediately started writing and wrote the first draft in a very short time. Chairman Mao was quite satisfied after reading it. He wrote many comments and modifications in his own words. Even if this opening speech was officially completed,
There is also a story behind the meeting.
In 1954, Premier Zhou instructed: An auditorium for National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference can accommodate 1,200 people to hold a meeting.
(Note: Premier Zhou)
So the CPPCC immediately set up a relevant group, and the best designers and construction teams were drawn from the unit and the country, and more than 100 CPPCC staff members volunteered to participate in the labor.
only took more than a year to complete all the work of this venue construction, and once again vividly interpreted what "Chinese speed" is.
At that time, The Great Hall of the People had not yet been completed, so the CPPCC Hall became the most The appropriate venue, the entire venue is solemn and elegant, combined with national style, showing an extraordinary style.
In September 1956, the meeting was held in the CPPCC Auditorium as scheduled.
More than 1,000 representatives of party members from all over the country, as well as representatives of socialist political parties from more than 50 other countries participated in the meeting.
After a burst of applause, Chairman Mao walked onto the rostrum in Zhongshan outfit and began to deliver the opening speech with a loud voice.
He first I have a deep review of the process of our party's continuous efforts for the liberation of the people and the construction of the country since the Seventh National Congress, and also remembered those comrades who sacrificed their lives in this process.
Then Chairman Mao explained the current main task, which is to transform a backward agricultural country into an advanced industrialized China. The work before the Communist Party of China is very difficult and experience is not enough.
And in this opening speech, there is a very wonderful conclusion, which we still mention frequently today, that is, "humanity makes people progress, pride makes people backward. "
Chairman Mao highly affirmed this, which also reflects Tian Jiaying's profound literary foundation and his unique insights on the self-improvement and self-supervision of the Party and individuals in the process of building socialist in .
Tian Jiaying's writing style, Chairman Mao's thoughts and words were fully integrated in this speech, stirring up a strong spark. Although it was only 2,500 words, it attracted 34 warm applause.
In the lounge after the meeting, Chairman Mao proudly said to everyone: "Who wrote the opening speech? It was written by a young scholar. This person is Tian Jiaying. ”
People feel that the development of New China has arrived at a new stage. With people's bright and hopeful eyes, we have seen the bright future of the Republic.
Literary Love between the two
As mentioned in the previous article, Tian Jiaying has made great achievements in literature and has also served as Mao Anying's teacher in this field.
Chairman Mao himself also loves literature and poetry very much.
Chairman Mao especially likes to read ancient books. Tian Jiaying is also keen on, so Tian Jiaying often goes out and goes to the second-hand market of Liulichang .
Sometimes even Chairman Mao couldn't find him, so his subordinates called the second-hand ancient bookstore in Liulichang, and Tian Jiaying was there.
Chairman Mao has always loved calligraphy. Due to the harsh conditions in the war, he could only find some folk calligraphy calligraphy pieces to copy and study. Sometimes the people in the base areas took the initiative to find him.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the conditions improved, and Chairman Mao prefers to gather the strengths of each family. This matter was also under the responsibility of the secretary Tian Jiaying. In his letter to him, the chairman wrote: "Please clear out all kinds of cursive copybooks that have been stored, including several rubbings (Wang Xizhi, etc.), Yu Youren " Thousand Character Text " and "Caughter Song". "
(Note: Chairman Mao's calligraphy)
and Tian Jiaying himself also likes to read characters. In 1959, he borrowed 20 calligraphy and paintings from the Forbidden City for Chairman Mao, and kept them properly, and returned them after watching.
purchased more copies, filling up the three or four bookshelfs at Chairman Mao’s residence, which shows the two’s enthusiasm for calligraphy.
And the two of them have the most similar aspirations is in poetry, which both of them love very much.
According to friends around me, although Tian Jiaying is not as knowledgeable as Chairman Mao, he has a very good memory and almost has the ability to recite it through the picture.
So when Chairman Mao usually likes to ask Tian Jiaying when he needs to find the source or allusion of a poem, he will soon find the answer Chairman Mao wants.
" days if there is love, the heaven will grow old , the right way in the world is vicissitudes." This is a poem from " Seven-character · People's Liberation Army Occupy Nanjing " created by Chairman Mao, which we are all familiar with.
But there are many twists and turns in this ancient poem, and Tian Jiaying played an important role in it.
On the afternoon of the second day of the liberation of Nanjing, Chairman Mao took a nap and read it in the pavilion in the yard with " People's Daily ". The newspapers are published with news about the occupation of Nanjing by the People's Liberation Army.
So Chairman Mao was very happy after reading it. At the end of the reading, he stood up, didn't speak, and did not stop in the yard, but walked straight back to the office.
Then he read the article again at his desk, and this time he picked up a pen to draw it. After reading
, Chairman Mao sent a congratulatory message to Liu Bocheng and Deng Xiaoping, who were commanding the Crossing the River Battle, and then wrote this song "Seven-character Code" on the table.
But I don’t know if it was because I felt that I was not satisfied with the writing or other reasons, Chairman Mao did not save the manuscript of the poem, but threw it into the wastebasket beside him.
After seeing this, Tian Jiaying picked up the manuscript from the garbage can and kept it secretly in private. It was not until 1963 when he helped Chairman Mao compile a collection of poems.
Chairman Mao laughed when he saw it, saying that he had written such a poem before and was pretty good.
(Note: "Seven-character Code: The People's Liberation Army Occupies Nanjing")
Tian Jiaying's careful action finally left us this passionate literary masterpiece.
In addition, Chairman Mao also particularly likes to talk to Tian Jiaying. According to the personnel meetings that worked in Zhongnanhai , in the nights of the 1950s, Chairman Mao often called Tian Jiaying to communicate at night.
In addition to history and literature, economy, people's livelihood, politics and even life are all topics of communication. Tian Jiaying respects and admires Chairman Mao very much. The two can be said to be both teachers and friends.
Conclusion
Today, The opening speech of the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China ivory carvings are still preserved in Hunan Provincial Museum , telling us this history.
Tian Jiaying is not a powerful general on the battlefield, nor is he a diplomat at the negotiating table, but he is a real Communist.
(Note: Tian Jiaying)
Use your talents to make contributions to the work of leaders and the construction of New China to the best of their ability.
He is not the kind of heroic image we traditionally imagined, but he has created a role model that everyone deserves to respect and learn from.
does not care about personal gains and losses, be cautious in words and actions, use actions rather than words to realize your own value and perform your duties.
His appearance is not outstanding, but in terms of thought and behavior, he is undoubtedly a real giant, and he is missed by us.
Today's ivory sculptures at the Hunan Provincial Museum are the best testimony of his experience!
Reference:
Behind the Scenes of the Eight CPC Meng Lanying Master of the Times 2021-06-30
Opening Speech of the Eight CPC Ivory Sculpture: Witnessing the Beginning of Exploring the Road to Socialist Construction Xie Jing Xiangchao 2022-02-15
Mao Zedong's Secretary Tian Jiaying Zheng Mingwu; Centennial Tide 2015-12-04
Mao Zedong's Secretary Tian Jiaying - Starting from the opening Speech of the Eight CPC Ren Shuyan Fujian Party History Monthly 2013-02-10
Brief Discussion on Mao Zedong's Literary Achievements Du Xiang Hui Mangzhong 2014-03-01
Editor: Shi Lu
Editor: Lin Hua
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