From severely punishing corruption, to carrying out large-scale production movements, doing things by yourself, having enough food and clothing, effectively promoting the process of rural social civilization in northern Shaanxi, realizing good social governance in a local ruling

Introduction

During the Yan'an period, the Communist Party of China proposed the purpose of " serving the people " and carried out rich and vivid practices. From the Red Army to the Long March to northern Shaanxi, we abide by the bottom line of discipline that does not cause trouble for fellow villagers, to the mass line of not competing for the interests of the people in difficult times; from severely punishing corruption, to carrying out large-scale production movements, doing things by themselves, having enough food and clothing, effectively promoting the process of rural social civilization in northern Shaanxi, achieving good social governance in a local ruling environment, and winning the hearts of the people.

1

Don’t cause trouble for fellow villagers

1 In October 1935, the Communist Party of China led the Central Red Army Long March to northern Shaanxi. The team of more than 7,000 people, after more than a year of long journey, was trapped in people and horses. Facing the severe environment of the Kuomintang's military "encirclement and suppression", politically stigmatized and economically blocked, how to survive and develop is a test paper before the Communists.

This is the Red Army troops that arrived in northern Shaanxi on the Long March (data photo)

does not cause trouble to fellow villagers. This is the basic disciplinary requirement put forward by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to cadres and soldiers after entering the loess land in northern Shaanxi.

According to Liu Jingrui, the party branch secretary of the six districts and one township in Chi'an County at that time, Wuqi was vast and sparsely populated, with a village of ten miles and eight miles, and there were only 11 households in Wuqi Town. Previously, the common people were harassed and harmed by officers, soldiers and bandits, and they hid when they saw the army. At noon on October 19, the Central Red Army suddenly arrived. The fellow villagers thought that the Kuomintang White Army was coming again, so they hurriedly hid with the elderly and helped the young. They hid in the dark and looked at them quietly: many people in the army had cracked heels, but so many people did not enter private houses or rob people's property. They also helped the people carry water and clean the yard, and every move was very disciplined. The villagers began to guess: Could it be that Lao Liu (Liu Zhidan) often talked about the Central Red Army coming?

Liu Jingrui boldly came forward and asked if they were the Central Red Army. The other party politely wrote in the small notebook: "The Central Red Army went north to fight against Japan. It was the Red Army led by Chairman Mao himself who came here. I was looking for local cadres to buy food." Liu Jingrui ran around excitedly and began to welcome the Central Red Army.

After two days of intense raising, the people of the three towns around Wuqi Town sent urgently needed military rations to the Central Red Army from all directions, totaling 328,000 kilograms of millet, 350 black pigs, more than 270 goats, as well as other vegetables, chickens and poultry. The Central Red Army companies paid the amount of money they deserved to pay to the villagers on the spot at the market price, and traded fairly without owing any penny.

In late October, the weather turns to the cold season. On the evening of the 20th, underground liaison officer Jia Shengcai and Xu Teli, who was responsible for receiving military rations, went to the streets behind Wuqi Town to inspect the terrain. At this time, the mother of Carpenter Yang, who was hiding in the mountains, led her seven or eight-year-old granddaughter back, and accidentally fell into the river when she crossed the river. Mr. Xu first saw that Shi Chi was about to come, so he jumped into the river, rescued the old man and children, and helped them ashore. The others quickly sent the old lady and the little granddaughter home, and at the same time welcomed Mr. Xu, burned fire on the river beach to help him dry his clothes. This scene made Jia Shengcai very moved and respected him.

October river water is already very cold. As the Minister of Education of the Soviet Republic of China, Xu Teli is nearly 60 years old and the oldest person to participate in the Long March. For the safety of a pair of grandparents and grandchildren in northern Shaanxi, he jumped into the river without hesitation and used his own actions to inadvertently promote the revolutionary team.

937, Xu Teli was in Yan'an. Data picture

After the Central Red Army arrived in Wuqi Town, before they had time to rest, they learned that the Kuomintang Northeast Army and the Northwest Army Cavalry Regiment followed along the Toudaochuan and Erdaochuan. In order not to cause trouble for fellow villagers, this "tail" must be cut off.On October 21, the Red Army set up a pocket formation west of Wuqi Town, set up an ambush, and annihilated the Cavalry Regiment of the 35th Division of the Kuomintang Ma Hongbin in one fell swoop.

The victory of this battle has a great impact on the fellow villagers. "The actions of the Red Army, coupled with the victory of the Wuqizhen battle, suddenly dispelled the fog that was hidden in the hearts of the people. Everyone was talking about it. It was really the Central Red Army led by Chairman Mao who came to conquer the world for the poor. "

2

Don't compete with the people for interests

1 In July 25, the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression broke out in full swing. On August 25, the main force of the Red Army was reorganized into the "Eighth Route Army of the National Revolutionary Army" (hereinafter referred to as the "Eighth Route Army"), and quickly drove to the anti-Japanese front in North China, and in fact it continued to be led by the Communist Party.

late one night on the summer and autumn of 1938, a villager from Kongjiamao, Hongjing Township, Licheng County, Shanxi Province, Guo Jianren, heard a noise outside the courtyard and did not dare to look around. The next morning, Guo Jianren opened the door and found more than 200 Eighth Route Army soldiers lying on the ground in front of the door. This is Zhu De and Peng Dehuai leading the Eighth Route Army headquarters to Linfen from Linfen to Qinxian , and moved to Southeast Jin . During the march, he did not cause trouble for his fellow villagers, so he slept on the millstone outside the fellow villagers' door with his entourage on the millstone on the ground outside the fellow villagers' door. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the Eighth Route Army, New Fourth Army, etc. led by the Communist Party, were renamed the "Chinese People's Liberation Army". In February 1947, the Communist Party strictly ordered its army: "If the fellow villagers are not at home, it will be illegal to open the door." During the march, you can stay at the door and you cannot enter the private house without permission.

1 In April, 1949, the People's Liberation Army entered Shanghai and slept on the streets without causing trouble to the citizens.

The Communists and their revolutionary team led by them have no excuses to cause trouble to the masses, but only bring practical benefits to the masses. Only in this way can the fellow villagers call him "soldiers" and send their children and husbands to join the army. After the war broke out, they organized stretcher teams and supply teams to support the front line and volunteered to care for the injured and sick.

1 In January 2019, the "South Anhui Incident" broke out, and the National Government completely cut off the supply of military pay from the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army, and implemented an economic blockade on Yan'an and various anti-Japanese base areas. In the past two years, the War of Resistance Against Japan entered a strategic stalemate stage, and the Japanese invaders changed the focus of their military offensives to the army led by the Communist Party. In addition, the drought in 1941 was severe, and Yan'an and various anti-Japanese base areas were facing an increasingly serious survival crisis.

942, the anti-Japanese base in Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Province was severely famine. The villagers collected poplar tender leaves and elm money (brush) to feed. The troops had to collect wild vegetables and leaves to supplement their food. Jinchaji Military Region Commander Nie Rongzhen instructed: "All the troops of the army shall not collect wild vegetables and leaves near the village, and shall leave them to fellow villagers. "The entire border area troops strictly implement this training, and would rather be hungry than compete for food with the people."

After the masses learned of this training, they sent representatives to find the military region headquarters and demanded that the order be revoked. Nie Rongzhen explained to the representatives of the masses that this is the discipline of the Eighth Route Army, and that it does not cause trouble to the masses, and does not compete for the interests of the people. also told the kind-hearted masses that the troops are thinking of ways to produce and save themselves, and strive to solve the problem of food shortage.

This is A sad story, the military and civilians were humble to stroking the leaves to survive the famine in spring; but this is also a story that makes people feel excited. The military and civilians are united and their strength is to cut off gold. After , the Communist Party led the military and civilians of Yan'an and various anti-Japanese base areas to carry out a vigorous large-scale production movement, self-reliance, and sufficient food and clothing.

3

The people are the examiners

The revolutionary team of the Communist Party of China during the Yan'an period carried out the "production movement" and the "big production movement". The former began with some companies left behind by the Eighth Route Army in July 1938. In order to solve the problem of tight living supply, in addition to fighting and training, they freely reclaimed land and farmed near the garrison, developed agricultural and sideline production, planted vegetables, raised pigs, harvested firewood, made shoes and knitted socks, etc., to improve the life of the troops. The large-scale production movement is to solve the serious economic crisis. In 1942, the Communist Party led the military and civilians of Yan'an and various anti-Japanese base areas to carry out a production self-rescue movement. The direct reason for the development of production movement to large-scale production movement was an emergency occurred in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region Government.

Yan

11 On the afternoon of June 3, 2019, the mayors of counties (cities) of Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region held a joint meeting of in the government auditorium . Many people were injured. The incident reached the ears of the people in the border area. They did not express sympathy and were still talking. After Mao Zedong learned about it, he sent people to form an inspection team to conduct in-depth investigations in the border areas, to learn about the actual living conditions of farmers in detail, and finally wrote an investigation report, which truly reflected the heavy burden on farmers in the border areas since the first half of 1941.

Faced with an unprecedented economic survival crisis, the Communists took active action to carry out a large-scale production movement. From the central leadership, the commander-in-chief of the Eighth Route Army, to the canteen and the guards of the unit, every public has a production task. The production task in 1942 was that every public member had to rely on his own production labor income, so that he could at least reduce the burden on farmers. The method of producing labor is that everyone can engage in various labors based on their own skills, and then convert the results of labor into millet. After completing the task, you can earn more money and benefit both public and private.

The picture shows outdoor textile

During the Yan'an Mass Production Movement, there is still a vegetable field preserved to this day. It was the field that Mao Zedong personally cultivated during the Mass Production Movement. Not far away, it was Zhu De's vegetable field.

According to Li Shuhuai, who served as Zhu De’s guard during the Yan'an period, after the Yan'an production movement began, Zhu De and his staff formed a production team and reclaimed three acres of vegetable fields at the headquarters of the Eighth Route Army, Wangjiaping, and the stationed station of the Eighth Route Army. Among them, two acres and three-quarters of the land are in Wangjiaping Vegetable Garden, and more than five minutes are on the edge of Yanhe .

Mao Zedong reclaimed a mu of wasteland in the ravine opposite the cave in Yangjialing . Due to his lack of experience in growing vegetables and being a "night owl", he likes to read and write at night. The harvest was not good in the first year, but he was not willing to give in. The next year, Mao Zedong invited fellow Yangjialing villagers to be consultants, and whenever he had time, he would go to the vegetable fields to weed, water, fertilize, and manage them carefully. Mao Zedong finally had big red tomatoes and his favorite red peppers in the vegetable field.

This well-known photo was taken in early June 1939, when Mao Zedong met several farmers who had just returned from work on the road.

Zhou Enlai, Ren Bishi, and Ye Jianying all practice spinning, and they also took the lead in participating in spinning competitions organized by the central government. Under the influence of their leading and setting an example, every public member in the Yan'an revolutionary team actively participated in production labor.

359th Brigade of the 120th Division of the Eighth Route Army was ordered to settle Nanniwan , Brigade Commander Wang Zhen often went to Yan'an to attend meetings. In order not to delay production labor, he did not stay overnight in Yan'an. After each meeting, he rode his horse to and from the rugged distance of about 60 kilometers between Nanniwan and Yan'an overnight. Zuo Qi, the political commissar of the 718th Regiment, was a one-armed general. He lost his right arm in the Anti-Japanese War and could not use his head to open up the land. He cooked, boiled water for the soldiers, and carried it up the mountain.

Source: New Weekly