October 26th in history
Main events:
1: October 26, 1863—The birthday of modern football
2: October 26, 1912—China's first national Western medical school, "Beijing Medical College (now Peking University Medical School )" was officially born
3: October 26, 1931— Chiang Kai-shek and his wife Soong Mei-ling
3: October 26, 1931—Cheng Kai-shek and his wife Soong Mei-ling became the cover character of "Time"
4: October 26, 1942 - The U.S. Navy and Japanese Combined Fleet broke out in the Santa Cruz Naval Battle. The U.S. military was defeated by the large number of people. In the end, the U.S. Hornet aircraft carrier sinks and Enterprise . However, the 8th bomber squadron released before Hornet sinks and destroyers injured two Japanese aircraft carriers , one heavy cruiser , and one destroyer . The battle became the turning point of the World War II Pacific War Zone
5: October 26, 1958 - all Chinese volunteers evacuated North Korea
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1863 On October 26, 1863, the British Football Association was established in London, formulated the first football rules, and announced the birth of modern football. From then on, people regard this day as the birthday of modern football.
The earliest football match formation was the "nine strikers and one guard" style created by the British, that is, nine forwards, one defender, and one goalkeeper. Later, the "Seven Fronts and Three Guards" formation was formed, which made the offensive and defensive forces reach a relatively balance. In 1870, Scottish created the "Six Fronts and Four Guards" formation. Then, the British created the "1+2+3+5" "tower" formation. This formation had a great impact on the development of world football at that time because it reflected the basic balance of offense and defense forces.
In order to adapt to the needs of the development of football, on May 21, 1904, France, Belgium , Denmark, Netherlands , Spain, Sweden , Switzerland and other countries initiated the establishment of International Football Federation (headquartered in Zurich, Switzerland). In 1925, FIFA released a new "offside" rule, which aggravated the defensive tasks and the offensive and defensive contradictions became sharper. Based on this, the British Cyphman created a "WM" formation in 1930, which made the distribution of offense and defense personnel reach an equilibrium state. This formation was prevalent around the world around the 1940s. Since the 1950s, world football has undergone three revolutionary changes. In 1953, the Hungarians broke through the traditional "WM" style of play and created the "three three four" formation, which effectively promoted the world football at that time. In 1958, the Brazilians made new developments in technology and skills, creating a "424" formation with a balanced offense and defense, and winning the World Cup championships in the 6th, 7th and 9th. Since then, the "433" formation and its variants have appeared. Due to the balance of offense and defense, the flexible and changeable tactics, it reflects the trend of comprehensive development of technology, tactics and physical fitness, and is therefore known as the third revolution in the history of football.
The evolution of the formation of the football match reflects the development of the struggle between offensive and defensive contradictions, and thus reflects the development of football.
At present, there are two large international football matches: one is the World Football Championship (i.e. the World Cup) held by the International Football Federation. This is the highest-level and most influential world football game. The other is the Olympic Games football match. In order to cultivate reserve forces, FIFA also held the biennial World Youth Football Championship since 1977 and the World Junior Football Championship since 1981. In order to promote the development of football, football federations of various continents have also held various types of international competitions.
Since the establishment of FIFA, its members have grown to more than 100 countries and regions, making it one of the largest single organizations of the International Olympic Committee . Our country joined FIFA in 1934. After liberation, FIFA recognized the Chinese Football Association as its member. In 1958, because FIFA also recognized the so-called "Republic of China Football Association" as its member, the Chinese Football Association announced its withdrawal. In October 1979, FIFA decided to restore the legal rights of the Chinese Football Association and confirm that the Chinese Football Association is the only representative of China.
Now, football has become the "world's number one sport" loved by hundreds of millions of people. The level of football not only represents the level of sports in a country, but is also one of the symbols of a country's material and spiritual civilization.
National Beijing Medical College was established on October 26, 1912. It is the first national western medical school organized by the Chinese government. It is the predecessor of Peking University Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College and other schools.
College was renamed the National Peking University School of Medicine in 1928. In 1937, the Anti-Japanese War broke out in full swing. In order to resist Japanese invasion, teachers and students moved west to Shaanxi and established the Xi'an Temporary University Medical College, which was later changed to the National Northwest Medical College. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War , some teachers and students stayed in Shaanxi, setting a precedent for higher medical education in Northwest China. They are now the School of Medicine of Xi'an Jiaotong University; some teachers and students returned to , Peking and resumed school, and are now the School of Medicine of Peking University.
1903 Jingshi University Hall set up a medical industry museum to teach Chinese and Western medicine. In 1904, the Medical Industry Museum was renamed the Medical Museum and moved to the building where the octagonal glazed well outside Hepingmen in Beijing was rebuilt from Xingsheng Temple. It was closed in 1907.
1910, this museum was bought by the General Administration of Medical Sciences (the then-health department), providing conditions for the future establishment of the National Beijing Medical College.
1912 was founded in the Republic of China. In September, the Ministry of Education of the Republic of China summoned Tanger and to Beijing to plan the establishment of a medical school. The Ministry of Education purchased the closed medical halls for a price of 10,000 taels of silver and allocated them to the National Beijing Medical College for use.
On October 16, 1912, the Ministry of Education of the Republic of China appointed Tang Erhe as the principal of Beijing Medical College and issued the school seal on October 26. At this point, China's first national Western Medical School was officially born.
1914 Internship at the National Beijing Medical College in
1917 Beijing Medical College Clinic Outpatient Clinic
Beijing Medical College was awarded October 26, 1912
Times Weekly is one of the three major current affairs weekly magazines in the United States. It was founded in 1923 and has a history of nearly a hundred years. Time magazine has a great influence around the world. Each issue's cover character will choose a more influential big shot, mostly heads of state, famous generals, political elites, etc.
The first Chinese to appear in Times magazine was Wu Peifu , who is the best at using troops in Beiyang warlord . On September 8, 1924, Wu Peifu became the Chinese who made his first appearance on the cover of Time magazine in the United States as "China's Strongest". At that time, Wu Peifu had just led the direct warlords to defeat the Fengtian clan in the first Zhifeng War, making the direct alliance the most powerful force in China at that time, with hundreds of thousands of troops. Wu Peifu also reached the peak of his life at this moment.
The Chinese who appeared on Times Weekly's cover the most was Chiang Kai-shek. He was the second Chinese to appear on Times Weekly's cover and the most frequently was also the Chinese who appeared on Times Weekly's cover ten times. Chiang Kai-shek first appeared on the cover of the Times on April 4, 1927, when he had just led the Northern Expedition Army to occupy Shanghai. At that time, Time magazine described him as "rising up after Sun's death."
Since 1927, Chiang Kai-shek has appeared on the cover of the times ten times. Some covers symbolize Chiang Kai-shek's spirit and some covers symbolize Chiang Kai-shek's low and lost. These ten covers are simply a microcosm of that magnificent era. The last time he appeared on the cover of the Times was in 1955. Chiang Kai-shek was nearly 70 years old. The Times did not give any titles before Chiang Kai-shek's name, but used the background of "a Kuomintang soldier looking at the sea alone." In addition, Chiang Kai-shek was also the storm of the year in Times magazine in 1937.
In addition, the Chinese woman who first appeared on the cover of the era was Soong Mei-ling and Chiang Kai-shek's wife. Soong Mei-ling was an important assistant to Chiang Kai-shek in diplomacy. On October 26, 1931, Soong Mei-ling appeared on the cover of the times and was with Chiang Kai-shek. On January 3, 1938, Soong Mei-ling appeared on the cover of the era for the second time, and was also with Chiang Kai-shek.
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The Battle of Santa Cruz took place on October 26, 1942, and is sometimes called the Battle of Santa Cruz or Japanese sourced as Battle of the South Pacific. It is the fourth aircraft carrier battle on the Pacific battlefield of World War II and the fourth naval battle in the long and strategically important battle between the U.S. Navy and Imperial Japanese Navy . Similar to the previous three battles between the aircraft carriers of the Coral Sea, Midway and East Solomon , both sides rarely see each other within their direct line of sight. On the contrary, almost all attacks on both sides were launched by land-based aircraft on the aircraft carrier .
As Allied forces attempted to advance from Guadalcanal and nearby islands and ended the deadlock since September 1942, the Imperial Japanese Army planned to launch a major ground offensive in Guadalcanal from October 20 to 25, 1942. In order to support this offensive and lure the Navy of Allied Powers to join the war, Japanese aircraft carriers and other large ships sailed to a location south of , the Solomon Islands.
The Japanese army's ground attack on Guadalcanal Island was defeated by Allied ground forces in the Battle of Ederson Ridge. The Allied surface ship was forced to withdraw from the combat area because one of the aircraft carriers sank and the other was severely damaged. However, the Japanese aircraft carrier that participated in the war also withdrew from the battle due to huge losses in the carrier-based aircraft and crew and the two aircraft carriers suffered major damage.
Although Japan achieved a tactical victory, it suffered huge losses in terms of ship sinking and damage, and the lost experienced crew was irreplaceable, as this once provided Japan with an important long-term strategic advantage over the Allies, which in comparison, lost much lower in combat by the Allies' pilots.
The losses of the Hornet were a serious blow to the Allies in the South Pacific. The Allies left only one seriously damaged aircraft carrier, "Enterprise", in the entire Pacific theater, and were insisting on fighting. However, after temporary repairs in New Caledoni, the Enterprise was still somewhat damaged, but it returned to the southern part of the Solomon Islands two weeks later to support the Allied forces in the Guadalcanal Naval Battle and played an important role in this naval battle that was decisive in the overall battle on Guadalcanal.
Although the Japanese army achieved a tactical victory in calculating the number of ships sunk, the Japanese naval fleet paid a heavy price. The damaged aircraft carriers were forced to return to Japan for extensive repairs and modifications. After the repair, the "Ruifeng" returned to Truk in late January 1943. " Xianghe " was repaired until July 1943, but it did not return to the front line.
The biggest loss of the Japanese Navy was the pilot. The U.S. military lost 26 pilots in the battle, while Japan lost 148 pilots, including two dive bomber commanders, three torpedo bomber squadron commanders and 18 other fighter jets or other groups of commanders. 49% of the Japanese torpedo bombers, 39% of the dive bombers and 20% of the fighter pilots who participated in the battle were killed in battle. Compared to the Coral Sea (90), Midway (110) and East Solomon (61), the Japanese lost more crew members in the Battle of Santa Cruz. After the battle to Santa Cruz, at least 409 of the 765 elite Japanese aircraft carrier pilots who participated in the Pearl Harbor incident died.Japan lost many crew members, and the undamaged "Ruihe" and " Flying Eagle " were also forced to return to Japan due to lack of well-trained crew members.
Navy Lieutenant General Navy was dismissed shortly after and reassigned to defend the Japanese coast. He said: "This battle achieved a tactical victory, but a strategic failure. Given the great superiority of the enemy's industrial capabilities, we must achieve the vast majority of victory in each battle. Unfortunately, this time there was no overwhelming victory."
Because Japan did not form a systemic naval pilot training program and lacked well-trained reserve personnel, the number of experienced aircraft carrier pilots plummeted, and there was no quick way to replace them. Japan lost the strategic opportunity to defeat the Allied naval aircraft carrier fleet by a single decisive battle before the United States' industrial power achieved its goal. This led to the return of the Japanese aircraft carrier to Truke in the summer of 1943, without further playing an offensive role in the decisive battle of the Solomon Islands.
Historian Eric Hammel summarized the significance of the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands, "Santa Cruz is Japan's victory, but this victory made Japan lose its last hope of winning the war."
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October 26, 1958--The Chinese Volunteer Army all evacuated North Korea
March 12The Chinese People's Volunteer Army Headquarters issued a communiqué for withdrawal, deciding that all volunteers would withdraw from North Korea in batches before the end of 1958. From March 15 to October 26, the volunteer army withdrew from North Korea in three batches and returned to China.
In the eight years of North Korea, the Chinese People's Volunteer Army has outstandingly completed the glorious mission entrusted by the people of the motherland. The Volunteer Army, the Korean People's Army and the Korean people, share weal and woe, and depend on each other in life and death. They jointly fight against the invasion of the US military, and make significant contributions to defending the revolutionary achievements of the Korean people, defending China's security, and supporting the peace construction of the Korean people.
North Korea has awarded medals and medals to heroes and models and heroes of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army.
After the Chinese People's Volunteer Army returned to China, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China and the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference held an enlarged joint meeting on October 30 and passed the "Resolution on the Report on the Work of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army in the Resistance and Aid Korea in the Eight Years". (Resolution) pointed out that the Chinese People's Volunteer Army has outstandingly completed the glorious mission entrusted by the people of the motherland, and they are worthy of being the outstanding sons and daughters of the great Chinese people.
Volunteer Army officers and soldiers bid farewell to the North Korean people
The leaders of China and North Korea talked
The North Korean people bid farewell to the first batch of evacuated personnel of the Volunteer Army
Adminton Yang Yong, as the last batch of evacuated personnel, signed the farewell letter
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