was originally published in "Chinese Youth" No. 23, 2020
punched a punch, so as not to make a hundred punches
text/Guo Yuankai
The War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea from October 1950 to July 1953 was a great and just war of anti-aggression that was forced to fight shortly after the founding of New China. Under the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese people were forced to aid the Korean people in resisting American aggression and defending China.
From a historical perspective, it is the first war in the history of the People's Republic of China , and it is also a battle of prestige and a battle of founding the Chinese nation that truly stands up.
In his speech at the meeting commemorating the 70th anniversary of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army's going abroad to fight against the United States and aid Korea, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "The great war to resist the United States and aid Korea resisted the invasion and expansion of imperialism, defended the security of the new China, defended the peaceful life of the Chinese people, stabilized the situation on the Korean Peninsula, and maintained peace in Asia and the world."
" Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea, , Defend the Country" march
cannot help North Korea, but must help
1945 On August 15, 1945, Japan announced its unconditional surrender, and a power vacuum appeared on the Korean Peninsula. The United States is worried that the Soviet Union will seize more benefits, so it proposed to use the 38th-degree line of North Korea as the dividing line of the United States and the Soviet Union to accept the surrender of Japanese troops, and to implement military occupation on it in the form of temporary trusteeship. " 38th-line " became the dividing line of North Korea's north-south division. Three years later, North Korea and the South and North Korea each established independent governments, but neither recognized the other as a "country". After the US and Soviet militaries withdrew from the peninsula, military frictions continued to escalate near the "38th Parallel" around the national system and unification issues, which eventually triggered a civil war.
On June 25, 1950, the Korean Civil War broke out. On June 27, the Truman administration of the United States announced that the United States supported the South Korean military militarily and sent the navy and air force to directly intervene in the Korean civil war. At the same time, it also threw out the "unconclusive status of Taiwan" and sent the Seventh Navy Fleet to block the Taiwan Strait to help the Kuomintang prevent the People's Liberation Army from liberating Taiwan, seriously infringing on China's sovereignty and interfering in China's internal affairs.
The outbreak of the Korean War and the rough interference of the United States in China's internal affairs have posed a huge challenge to the new China, which has just been established for a year, and the situation of national security and regime consolidation has become extremely serious. The Chinese government has been closely monitoring the development of the Korean War.
On June 28, 1950, Mao Zedong condemned the United States' invasion of North Korea's internal affairs and obstructed the Chinese People's Liberation Army's liberation of Taiwan at the eighth meeting of the Central People's Government Committee, and called on "the people of the whole country and the whole world to unite, make full preparations, and defeat the provocation of US imperialism." On July 13, China formed the Northeast Frontier Defense Force. On August 4, at the meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, Mao Zedong put forward the idea of "we must not help North Korea, we must help, and use the form of volunteer army ."
In June 1950, Mao Zedong condemned the US aggression at the Eighth Session of the Central People's Government
As the scale of the war continued to expand, the war spread to the northeastern border of China. Starting from August 27, US aircraft have continuously invaded Chinese airspace for air reconnaissance and bombed and strafed targets in our territory, causing casualties and property losses on our side. On September 15, 1950, the US military landed in Incheon Gang, intercepting the Korean People's Army's retreat, and the Korean War situation reversed. On September 30, facing the reality that the US military and South Korean troops arrived at the "38th Parallel", Zhou Enlai issued a solemn warning on behalf of the Chinese government: "The Chinese people must not tolerate foreign aggression, nor can they let imperialism ignore their neighbours' arbitrary aggression." On October 1, the South Korean troops expanded the Korean War and took the lead in crossing the "38th Parallel". In the early morning of October 3, when Zhou Enlai met with the Indian ambassador to China, he once again issued a strong warning to the US authorities: "If the US military really does this (crossing the "38th parallel"), we cannot sit idly by, we must take care of it." But the United States turned a deaf ear to this and looked down on it. On October 7, the US military crossed the "38th Parallel", launched a large-scale invasion of North Korea, and quickly advanced to the North Korea-China border.At the same time, Mao Zedong received a handwritten letter from Kim Il-sung requesting troops to support North Korea and a telegram from Stalin to send troops to aid Korea.
Faced with the war burning to the doorstep, North Korea’s request and the instigation of the Soviet Union, will China dare and can it fight to fight against the world’s most economically powerful and military-powered American imperialism? This has become a choice that the Communist Party of China and the Chinese people must make in extreme difficult situations.
should participate in the war and must participate in the war
Mao Zedong and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee believe that despite serious internal and external difficulties, it is very necessary to send troops to aid North Korea in terms of military significance, political significance, and international influence. As Mao Zedong said: "Yes, we urgently need peaceful construction. If we ask me to write the reasons for peaceful construction, we can write hundreds, thousands, but these hundred, thousand reasons cannot match the six big words, which is 'can't be ignored'." If the US military is allowed to occupy the entire North Korea and the strong troops are pressing to the Yalu River , our country will find it difficult to engage in construction in a stable manner, and the international and domestic reactionary arrogance will inevitably be arrogant. Finally, Mao Zedong pointed out: "We are not allowed to succeed in our wishful thinking. We can cut one punch so that we will not get a hundred punches."
From October 2 to October 18, 1950, the Party Central Committee held a series of meetings to discuss the situation of the Korean War and the issue of China's dispatch of troops to aid Korea. Finally, we reached a consensus within the party and concluded that "we should participate in the war, we must participate in the war, and the benefits of participating in the war are great, and the harm of not participating in the war is great."
On October 19, 1950, Chinese People's Volunteer Army crossed the Yalu River
On October 19, 1950, the Chinese People's Volunteer Army crossed the Yalu River in batches and secretly entered North Korea. The war to resist aggression and defend peace began.
During the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea, the Chinese People's Volunteer Army, in accordance with the combat policy proposed by the Central Military Commission, implemented a strategic counterattack, and repelled " United Nations Army " and South Korean troops to the vicinity of the "38th Parallel", and forced the "United Nations Army" to sign the Agreement on the North Korean Military Armistice on July 27, 1953 through position warfare and military struggle and armistice negotiations. The 33-month War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea ended with the victory of the Chinese and Korean military and civilians and the failure of the United States.
This fight , fighting for the victory of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army, achieving the goal of resisting U.S. aggressing and aiding Korea and defending the country, effectively supporting the Korean people to defend the democratic regime of North Korea, also defending the territorial security of the new China, and maintaining peace in Asia and the world. It has great international significance and far-reaching historical value.
First, the victory of the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea won a relatively stable and peaceful environment for our country's national construction. This battle of has led to peace of mind and peace in the country. The victory of the war drove the American aggression from the Yalu River back to the area south of the "38th Parallel", pulled out the "knife" stuck on China's head, avoiding the possibility of direct confrontation with the invaders on the country. The war not only curbed the expansion of the US "global strategy" in Asia, but also shocked the late Soviet Union's hegemony , warning Japan's militarism, and allowing China's socialist transformation and socialist construction to proceed smoothly. The victory of the war also gave Chiang Kai-shek's group a heavy psychological blow, completely shattering its fantasy of counterattacking the mainland, stabilizing the people's regime, and China's political order, economic order, and social life order were also on the right track.
Second, the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea changed China's international image, enhanced national self-confidence, and improved people's political awareness. Opium War Since the founding of New China, China has been repeatedly invaded and plundered by imperialist powers. The humiliation of ceding land and indemnification has created a weak image of weak and vulnerable to the outside world. When we declared the founding of the People's Republic of China, neither the capitalist camp nor the socialist camp faced the Chinese people who had stood up. The victory of the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea fully demonstrates the Chinese people's courage to fight without fear of powerful enemies, and reflects the Chinese people's determination and strength to resist aggression.
Third, the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea tempered and improved the combat effectiveness of the Chinese army and accumulated combat experience in modern warfare. The War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea was a large-scale modern local war after " World War II ". "In this battle, the combat effectiveness of the People's Army shocked the world, fully demonstrating the bloody and iron bones of daring to fight and win!" Through the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea, the Volunteer Army not only understood the bottom of the US military, but also learned about the war from the war, quickly improved equipment, improved military level, accumulated valuable experience in combat under modern conditions, and promoted the modernization of our army. In addition, the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea tempered the military team, cultivated a large number of military talents that adapted to the needs of modern warfare and a group of heroic troops that defended the interests of the country and the people, and made contributions to promoting the national defense cause of our army.
Fourth, the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea created the great spirit of resisting U.S. aggression and aid Korea. The great struggle tempers the great spirit, and the great spirit gathers tremendous strength. The great spirit of resisting U.S. aggression and aiding Korea is a vivid portrayal of the lofty style of the Chinese Communists and the people's army, a concentrated display of the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation and national character, and a concrete manifestation of the national spirit with patriotism as the core. The spirit of resisting U.S. aggression and aiding Korea, composed of the spirit of patriotism, revolutionary heroism, revolutionary optimism, revolutionary loyalty and internationalism, has also become an infinite force to overcome all difficulties and powerful enemies. In the historical journey of realizing the dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "We must remember the arduous journey and great victory of the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea, dare to fight, be good at fighting, advance in the face of difficulties, and move forward tenaciously, and continue to advance the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era."
(the author is an assistant researcher at the China Youth Research Center)
Bury loyal bones in the green mountains, and remember the heroic souls of mountains and rivers
October 25, 2022
is the 72nd anniversary of the fight against the United States and aid Korea to fight abroad
Pay tribute to the Chinese People's Volunteer Army!
pays tribute to that great victory!
Producer: Pi Jun
Final review: Lin Yuhong
Reviewed: Zhang Sixu Liu Xiao Liu Bowen
Editor: June 1
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