I wonder if you have a question: During the Second World War , the leaders of the Soviet Union, the United States and the United Kingdom held a meeting in Cairo . Why did they bring Chiang Kai-shek ? Do they just care so much about China's anti-Japanese battlefield?
In fact, letting Chiang Kai-shek attend the meeting was the insistence of US President Roosevelt . Stalin is very dissatisfied with one thing; Churchill is even more reluctant, and only agrees after agreeing to the conditions of "helping fight the Japanese army in Myanmar".
The reason why Roosevelt called Chiang Kai-shek every time was that, on the one hand, he considered the needs of Pacific War ; on the other hand, there was a longer-term strategic calculation: setting a less obvious "trap" for the Soviet Union.
. Historical facts have proved that the final disintegration of the Soviet Union has a lot to do with Roosevelt's original calculations.
Several important meetings held by the giants in World War II
After the outbreak of World War II, Britain was suppressed by Hitler on the island and was in panic all day long and had no ability to counterattack. British Prime Minister Churchill has visited the United States many times, hoping that the United States will participate in the war.
However, there is a loud voice in the United States about participating in the war. President Roosevelt also used this as a reason to evade Churchill.
, forced to have no choice but to use his ultimate move. In August 11941, he took the "Prince of Wales" battleship to the Akinsha Bay in Newfoundland, north of Newfoundland, to meet with Roosevelt, who also arrived on the warship .
This meeting has great historical significance: Churchill and Roosevelt signed the "Churchill Roosevelt Joint Declaration", namely " Atlantic Charter ".
In the Atlantic Charter, the United Kingdom recognizes the United States' special leadership in the Atlantic Ocean, that is, Britain as the world hegemon, officially: the affairs of the Atlantic countries will be decided by the United States in the future.
After obtaining this power, the opinions of the American political arena on participating in the war have changed a lot. But the voices of anti-war in the United States are still very loud, so Roosevelt was unable to make up his mind at once.
On December 8, 1942, Japan suddenly attacked Pearl Harbor , blowing the US Pacific Fleet to pieces. At this moment, the United States has no voices against participating in the war, and everyone is clamoring to join the war. The US government also took advantage of the situation and announced its participation in the war.
So, so many people still suspect that the United States has long known that Japan has attacked Pearl Harbor, and they deliberately made Japan succeed, so that there is a reason to participate in the war. The reason why " conspiracy theory " is so popular is mainly because the attitude of the United States at that time was very ambiguous.
The Soviet Union struggled with the German army on its own territory; Britain was helpless on the island; France surrendered early, only Charles de Gaulle 2 led a group of people to fight against the German army in North Africa.
So, after the United States joined the war, it immediately became the unscrupulous leader of the allies. In order to coordinate the actions of the Allied forces, after the United States joined the war, several major countries held intensive second meetings in 1943, and two more important meetings were held when victory arrived in 1945.
1943 two important meetings are: Cairo Conference " held in Cairo, Egypt from November 22 to 26, 1943; Tehran Conference " held in Cairo, Egypt from November 28 to December 1, 1943 in the capital of Iran Tehran .
1945 two important meetings were: the Secret Heads Conference held in the " Yalta Palace" in the Crimean Peninsula from February 4 to February 11, 1945; the 2+2 Conference of the Heads 1 Foreign Ministers held in the Potsdam in the southwest of Berlin, Germany from July 17 to August 2, 1945.
Potsdam Conference, in the middle is Truman
Potsdam Conference has actually changed, because Roosevelt of the United States passed away on April 12,
Churchill received a notice halfway through the meeting: he was defeated in the election and was no longer the British Prime Minister. The new elected Prime Minister Attley brought his appointed Foreign Minister Bevin to Potsdam and attended the last few days of the meeting;
Only Stalin has not changed and participated in important meetings of all the Allied forces.
The second and fourth important meetings were mainly divided into the interests of the United States, Britain and the Soviet Union
Chiang Kai-shek attended the "Cairo Conference" held from November 22 to 26, 1943. Only Chiang Kai-shek, Roosevelt and Churchill attended the meeting. Stalin did not go there. After the meeting, the Cairo Declaration of China, the United States, Britain and the United Kingdom was signed.
All negotiations are "calculation"
In fact, Churchill was frustrated with this, and he didn't care at all what China got after the war; Stalin was fighting with Germany at this time and did not want to cause trouble, so he had no objection to " Cairo Declaration ".
After the "Cairo Conference", Roosevelt and Churchill flew to Tehran and had a meeting with Stalin there, but Chiang Kai-shek did not attend. This conference is a discussion between the United States, Britain and the Soviet Union on the development of and the second battlefield of and post-war European issues.
It was at this meeting that Roosevelt asked the Soviet Union to launch a "fight against Japan" in Far East to relieve the pressure on the United States in the South Pacific; Stalin proposed: Soviet Union can carry out a war against Japan about half a year after the end of the European battlefield.
But Stalin's conditions were: Dalian became a "free port", and the Soviet army could enter unfreezing port Dalian after the war. Stalin also proposed that the Soviet Union should control more places in Eastern Europe after the war.
The demands on Dalian are obviously harmful to China's interests, and neither Roosevelt nor Churchill argued; Roosevelt and Churchill both sternly rejected the Soviet Union's demands on Europe.
In fact, Roosevelt had already agreed to the Soviet Union's request for the Northeast at this time, because it was a huge "trap".
At this meeting, Roosevelt, who was seriously ill, and Stalin, who was proud of Stalin, reached an agreement: The Soviet Union declared war on Japan as soon as possible; the United States recognized that the Soviet Union had obtained Sakhalin Island and Kuril Islands , and also agreed that the Soviet Union controlled Dalian and Lushun, as well as the priority over Northeast Railway .
Roosevelt died two months after he returned to the United States. The Potsdam Conference in July 11945 was still the heads of the United States, Britain and the Soviet Union, but at the end it was Truman, Churchill and Stalin.
3. A country's "greed" is
. In Yalta , the Soviet Union got what he wanted and became less active in fighting against Japan, especially after Roosevelt's death, Stalin was even more unwilling. There are two main reasons:
1. The most important thing for the Soviet Union was to speed up the expansion of influence in Eastern Europe, occupy as much as possible, and squeeze the US and British forces out of Germany as much as possible;
2. The Soviet Union and Japan signed a five-year " Soviet-Japan Neutral Treaty " valid for a period of five years. The treaty did not expire until 1946. The Soviet Union did not want to make the population real.
But at the Potsdam conference, Truman received domestic news: the atomic bomb experiment was successful. Truman couldn't hold it in and told Stalin the news.
Stalin immediately realized: If the United States uses this weapon, Japan will surrender immediately. So, during the meeting, Stalin called for the Rokosovsky in Moscow, and he was responsible for and immediately began the attack on Japan.
Stalin's purpose was to quickly get as much of the interests of the " Yalta Agreement " to the Soviet Union as possible. Then the Soviet Red Army entered the northeast to fight , Kwantung Army and , and went south to Lushun directly. In order to achieve his goal, the Soviet Union even refused the surrender of the Kwantung Army and ran wildly in the tank day and night.
In the three-year Liberation War, Stalin watched coldly. He didn't care who would win the final victory. He cared most about whether the Soviet Union could control the Northeast and Liaodong Peninsula and whether it could enter the port of Dalian.
Three major battles , Chiang Kai-shek's army was defeated steadily, and even the US ambassador Stu Leiden saw that a new China would be born. He did not follow Chiang Kai-shek to flee south in Nanjing, and suggested that the United States adjust its policies; but the Soviet ambassador Luoshen ran to Guangzhou with the Kuomintang, and Stalin also suggested that the Kuomintang and the Communist Party rule the river.
Stalin considered the interests of the Soviet Union entirely, and he wanted to guarantee the interests of the Northeast that the Soviet Union had seized. At this time, Roosevelt's "trap" at that time came into effect: the Soviet Union dominated the interests of the Northeast, how could China get along well with him?
In fact, Roosevelt agreed with the Soviet Union's idea of greed for the Northeast, which really conforms to what is said in "Warring States Policy ": "If you want to defeat it, you must assist it; if you want to take it, you must accompany it."
The United States was not the same as the Soviet Union, and they temporarily became alliances in order to attack Germany; it was a matter of time before they dealt with the Soviet Union, so they took advantage of the greed of the Soviet Union at that time and dug a hole in their geographical direction.
4. The Sino-Soviet conflict was the biggest diplomatic failure of the Soviet Union
New China was established in October 1949, and the great man visited the Soviet Union in December. This was the first visit of the leaders of the New China. Whether it is a quarrel or negotiation, the great man stayed in the Soviet Union for more than two months; for the sake of the country, the great man argued with reason.
finally signed the " Sino-Soviet Friendship Alliance and Mutual Assistance Treaty" on February 14, 1950, which replaced the previous Sino-Soviet Friendship Alliance Treaty.
Then, war broke out on the Korean Peninsula, and North Korea obviously could not defeat the US military. Seeing that the situation became worse, the Soviet Union did not send troops. If the US military occupied the peninsula, the Soviet army could have completely maintained post-war order, full of international morality. .
If this is the case, how can the Northeast be taken back? Resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea , defending the country, Chinese People's Volunteer Army sent troops to North Korea, destroying the arrogance of the US military and creating a favorable situation.
China and the Soviet Union should have been the easiest to form a solid alliance. They are both socialist countries and victorious countries in World War II. However, it is because of the greed during the Tsar period, the injustice of the "Yalta Agreement", and the Soviet Union's great power chauvinism , which caused the two countries to later get into evil.
And the Sino-Soviet feudal conflict had a huge impact on the Soviet Union. During the Cold War, they had to face the pressure of NATO in the west, but the east was still very unstable.
No one with a brain will put the country in such a situation. The Soviet Union did this and continued to show strength. After the end of the Cold War , the Russians reviewed the situation that year and found that:
1. If Roosevelt insisted in Tehran, it would be no problem to reject Stalin's idea of the East just like he rejected Stalin's demands for Eastern Europe. After all, China was also an ally in World War II; after all, Stalin had agreed to the "Cairo Declaration".
But Roosevelt actually agreed and wrote these greedy demands into the "Yalta Agreement" before his death, causing the Soviet Union to irreversibly get into evil with the Eastern powers.
2, the subsequent Soviet leaders Khrushchev , and Brezhnev , were unable to change this situation of evil.
Moscow Olympics, because the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan , many Western countries refused to participate. But the Soviet Union did not care. During the Cold War, it was normal for both sides not to support each other; but the Soviet Union was the most hurtful one that did not participate, which was both socialist.
3, The main reason for the collapse of the Soviet Union was that the Cold War was too stressed, and the Soviet Union was unstable in both east and west directions, which was the main reason for their loss to the Cold War.
Just like the hot war during World War II, the Soviet Union tried its best to sign a "Japan-Soviet Neutral Treaty" with Japan, so that it could safely and boldly attack Nazi Germany on the Western Front.
In short, the biggest mistake of the Soviet Union in the Cold War was that it did not maintain its relationship with the Eastern powers, causing its own geostrategic deterioration;
This kind of evil was Roosevelt's undisputed approach during several "giant meetings" that stimulated the Soviet Union's greed.
"My virtue is not lonely, there must be neighbors." Russians should really learn the "Analects of Confucius".
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