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1976 was a very extraordinary year for the Chinese people. In January, Premier Zhou died of illness. In July, Mr. Zhu passed away. On September 9, Chairman Mao passed away.
In less than a year, three great men passed away one after another, and the blow to the whole country was self-evident, and people were in great grief.
On October 8, the central government decided to build the "Chairman Mao Memorial Hall". Among hundreds of design plans, the central government finally decided to build the memorial hall on the south side of the People's Heroes Monument in Tiananmen Square.
A few months later, a solemn and unique memorial hall was built. The special crystal coffin containing Chairman Mao’s body was placed in the admiral hall for the world to admire the appearance.
Every year, tens of thousands of people from home and abroad go to Chairman Mao Memorial Hall to deeply remember this great leader.
People who have been to this will find that the security work in Chairman Mao’s Memorial Hall is somewhat different. Generally speaking, places such as museums and memorial halls are guarded by armed police officers and soldiers with guns, while the People’s Liberation Army, which holds guns, is responsible for security work.
Many people do not understand the significance of this move, and the reasons behind it are moving.
Chairman Mao Memorial Hall
1976 On the afternoon of November 24, 1976, Tiananmen Square people were crowded. There are old people with gray hair, young people in simple clothes, and elementary school students in red scarves. Everyone was wearing white flowers on their chests, looking sad, and many people had tears on their faces.
"The Chinese people sincerely love Chairman Mao, trust Chairman Mao, and respect Chairman Mao. International proletarian and progressive mankind deeply mourn Chairman Mao's death!"
Comrade Hua Guofeng's important speech was passed through the microphone and reached the ears and hearts of everyone present. They could no longer suppress the huge sadness in their hearts. While listening to the central leaders' speech, they wiped their tears. The tears kept falling like beads with broken threads.
While they were sad, they felt a little proud because they were fortunate to attend the groundbreaking ceremony of Chairman Mao Memorial Hall as representatives.
Comrade Hua Guofeng finished speaking, picked up the shovel next to him, walked to the granite cornerstone of the memorial hall, and shoveled up the soil with a shovel to bury the foundation stone. After the ceremony, the construction workers immediately entered the intense construction work. Since then, the construction of Chairman Mao Memorial Hall has officially started. At this time, more than two months had passed since Chairman Mao's death. Before the construction of the
memorial hall started, I encountered many problems. For example, the site selection issue was a design team composed of the best architectural designers from eight provinces and cities. It was of great importance. No one dared to neglect them. They visited and inspected many places.
Some people think that the memorial hall should be built in Xiangshan where Chairman Mao once lived, some think that it is better to build it in Jingshan , and some think that the memorial hall should be built in Tiananmen .
After all, Chairman Mao devoted his life to the people and always cared about the people. After he passed away, he should lie in the people, rather than staying away from or looking down at the masses from a very high place.
After discussion with the central government, the site was selected in Tiananmen Square, so that Chairman Mao would always be with the people he loves. But Tiananmen Square is so big, and there are different sounds appearing where the memorial hall is built.
Some experts suggest that the original end gate be removed from the north of Tiananmen Gate and the memorial hall is built here. But this means that the integrity of the Forbidden City building complex will be destroyed, and the things left by our ancestors are extremely precious and cannot be destroyed. There is no doubt that the plan has been opposed by the vast majority of people.
Some experts also said that they can refer to the location of Lenin’s tomb and build the memorial hall in front of Tiananmen Gate. There are two problems with this plan: : First, the place north of Jinshui Bridge is not big. If the memorial hall is built here, it will affect the image of Xiong Wei in Tiananmen. Second, it will cause traffic congestion in front of Tiananmen Square and affect people's travel, which will definitely not work.
In the end, everyone decided to build the Chairman Mao Memorial Hall in Tiananmen Square and form a complete building complex with the People's Monument, Great Hall of the People , and the Revolutionary History Museum.
The site selection of the memorial hall is so important, let alone the construction process, the structure and layout of the memorial hall. In short, it took a lot of people's efforts, and each place has been carefully considered and designed, and the materials come from all over the country.
Construction team worked day and night and finally completed the task with high quality on May 4, 1977. On August 20 of the same year, Chairman Mao's body was moved into the memorial hall.
September 9, 1977 is the first anniversary of Chairman Mao’s death, and the memorial hall is officially completed.
From then on, people can pay tribute to Chairman Mao’s remains when the memorial hall is opened to the public and learn about the revolutionary achievements of the first generation of leaders led by Chairman Mao.
What everyone wondered about is why Chairman Mao’s Memorial Hall arranged for the People’s Liberation Army to guard with guns. In fact, it has to do with the origins of Chairman Mao and the People's Liberation Army.
"Abandoning literature and following martial arts"
Chairman Mao was born shortly after it happened to be the weakest period in China. China-Japan Sino-Japanese War , the Eight-Nation Alliance invaded China, foreign countries were eyeing it.
In China, corruption is prevalent, feudal bureaucrats and landlords continue to exploit and oppress the people, and the lives of the lower class are difficult.
Therefore, Chairman Mao set a long-term ambition to understand and save the people from the fire and water.
Chairman Mao
The Chinese at that time were numb, like a walking corpse. It is a very terrible thing for a person to have no thoughts.
Some progressive people realize that the idea of saving the people is the top priority. They began to liberate people's thoughts through words, and gave up their dreams for this.
Among them, Mr. Lu Xun is a typical example. He originally studied medicine, but later he found that medical skills could only cure human physical diseases and could not cure the decaying thoughts of the people, so he decided to abandon medicine and follow the literature.
Under the influence of this trend, Chairman Mao advocates "education to save the country." He wanted to become a teacher in the future, so that more people could awaken their minds, no longer be insensitive, and become a puppet of the Qing government. However, something that happened later changed his mind.
On the evening of October 10, 1911, gunshots and shells broke the tranquility of the night in Wuchang .
The revolutionaries of the 8th Battalion of the New Army Project fired the first shot of the uprising, and more than 3,000 people seized the ordnance with armed forces. Then they divided into three groups, attacked the Governor's Office and the Eighth Town Command, and gradually occupied Wuchang.
A spark can start a prairie fire. The success of Wuchang Uprising inspired revolutionaries from other places to rise up one after another.
At this time, Chairman Mao, who was studying in Changsha, was affected, gave up studying and resolutely joined the army. But because he didn't have the chance to go to the battlefield, he was discharged from the army half a year later.
However,
1917, a team of defeated soldiers flew to the suburbs of Changsha. They do evil everywhere and oppress the people.
In order to eliminate the bandits, Chairman Mao recommended himself and led more than 20 policemen, farmers, workers and a group of students to fight against them. Faced with defeated soldiers with guns, he did not fight hard and chose to take the lead.
Chairman Mao commanded the troops to easily defeat the enemy with tools such as volleyball, military horns, firecrackers, and confiscate the enemy's guns.
24 years old, he showed his military talent to the world for the first time. He had hardly read military books, but he was able to defeat a defeated soldier with combat experience, which shows his talent. In the days after
, Chairman Mao carried out a revolutionary movement while going deep into the countryside to study the ways to save the country and the people. He came to a conclusion: "In China, guns have always been the most important thing. If we want to do a revolution, it is impossible to do without guns. Only the people will move without guns, and we will definitely collapse."
He realized that education cannot save the country, only armed forces can do it, and understood the importance of the army. However, his ideas were not appreciated and supported by Chen Duxiu and others.The latter did not pay attention to the armed forces, and the early Communist paid a heavy price for this.
On April 12, 1927, as the workers' and peasants' movement continued to rise at that time, the right-wing Kuomintang headed by Chiang Kai-shek was worried that the Communist Party's strength would continue to grow and threaten the "leadership" status of the Kuomintang, so it launched a coup.
They betrayed the revolution, created "white terror" crazily, and hunted and killed Communists. Our party does not have an armed force under its control and cannot resist the suppression of the Kuomintang reactionaries. A large number of members were arrested and imprisoned, and our party suffered heavy losses.
In order to get out of the predicament, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held an emergency meeting in Wuhan on August 7. At the meeting, Chairman Mao once again emphasized: should pay great attention to military affairs in the future, and the regime is obtained from the barrel of a gun. This is the first time he formally proposed the concept of "policy comes from the barrel of a gun", criticizing some people for not looking down on the barrel of a gun.
Many people agree with Chairman Mao’s proposals and established his position within the party. Since then, he has begun to take the path of "armed country saving". Later, he successfully led the armed revolutionary struggles such as the Autumn Harvest Uprising , which made everyone more convinced of Chairman Mao, and the military power he held became increasingly greater.
Military strategist who does not hold guns
As Chairman Mao's status continued to rise, it aroused Zhang Guotao's jealousy. Chairman Mao did not play according to routines in war, but often adjusted his strategies and tactics according to actual conditions and was not bound by book dogma.
He is good at observing and summarizing, so he can lead the Red Army to successfully fight the "encirclement and suppression" again and again, and make Jiang Jiang move around.
You should know that at that time, the Red Army had only 300,000 troops, while the Kuomintang troops had as many as 300,000 troops. The strength of the two is huge. If Chairman Mao had not been flexible in fighting, the consequences would be unimaginable.
He reads war fast and once said that his military talent comes from war practice. "War is a school, learn and summarize in war, master war and win war in war."
However, Chairman Mao's combat method was questioned by Zhang Guotao and others.
Under Zhang Guotao's intentional targeting, in 1932 he lost his military command and other powers. As a result, the Red Army failed in its fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression" campaign, with heavy casualties, lost to the Central Soviet Area, and had to carry out the Long March .
The Red Army faced a very difficult situation. In the harsh environment on the Long March, the soldiers could not eat enough or wear warmth, and were sick and injured and could not be treated in time.
What's even more terrible is that the Kuomintang troops pursued relentlessly behind, trying to destroy the Red Army in one fell swoop. Our army was forced into a desperate situation, and many soldiers stood up and called on Chairman Mao to regain military power.
In January 1935, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held a meeting in Zunyi , restoring Chairman Mao’s status and power within the party.
Immediately afterwards, he led the Red Army to cross the Chishui four times, cross the Jinsha River, and gradually jumped out of the encirclement set up by Chiang Kai-shek. Chairman Mao’s military capabilities have once again been recognized by the whole army. Many people exclaimed: "Chairman Mao used his troops like a god!"
After the Anti-Japanese War and the War of Liberation, he commanded his troops to defeat strong teams many times, and predicted the enemy's predictions several times, leaving the enemy nowhere to escape. He commanded countless beautiful battles, but he rarely took a gun. In Lao Jiang's words, Chairman Mao's pen is his gun.
In October 1948, shortly after the war between " Liaoshen Campaign ", Chiang Kai-shek came to Peiping to discuss how to fight against the People's Liberation Army with Fu Zuoyi. The ancients said, "Catch the thief and capture the king first." The two planned to directly send people to attack Shijiazhuang and Xibaipo and capture Chairman Mao.
To achieve the goal, Fu Zuoyi secretly gathered the troops of five divisions and ordered them to set out from Baoding to attack Xibaipo. They must fight quickly and not delay time.
Fu Zuoyi
At that time, Chairman Mao was in a farmhouse in Xibaipo, only a small number of guard troops were responsible for his security, and the large troops were on the front line.
The news that tens of thousands of enemies approached Xibaipo soon reached his ears. Others were worried about Chairman Mao's safety and were very anxious. But he himself was very calm and seemed not worried about the enemy's actions at all.
Chairman Mao took out the paper and pen and wrote in the faint light for a night. Later, everyone learned that he wrote three press releases to " Xinhua News Agency ". As soon as the manuscript was sent out, Fu Zuoyi and Lao Jiang were panicked. Chairman Mao raised a question: Does the Kuomintang still want Peking?
Fu Zuoyi drew tens of thousands of troops, which means that Peiping is now empty and only one division is left to garrison. The troops in Tongzhou Heping Suidong section are only a handful of troops.
If the People's Liberation Army attacked Peiping, the Kuomintang's front line in the north and Fu Zuoyi's troops would be finished in a few months.
subtext is: You Fu Zuoyi is coming to catch me, then I will beat your lair! I have to say that Chairman Mao’s move is very clever.
Fu Zuoyi was so scared that he ordered five divisions to return to Beijing to prevent his base camp from being taken over by the People's Liberation Army. What we rely on when fighting is not the number of people fighting, but on wisdom.
Chairman Mao used his pen to repel Fu Zuoyi's tens of thousands of soldiers. This shows how high his strategy and wisdom are, and how terrifying his military abilities are.
From the early days of its establishment to the later Red Army, Eighth Route Army, and People's Liberation Army, Chairman Mao was always with the troops. Then, it is not surprising that Chairman Mao will be guarded by the People's Liberation Army after his death.
What's more, the function of armed police is to maintain the internal order of the country and enforce the law. In a sense, it is not as sacred as the People's Liberation Army. Chairman Mao has made great contributions to the country and the army, and it is worthy of the People's Liberation Army's protection of Chairman Mao's Memorial Hall.
In addition, there is not only the body of Chairman Mao in the memorial hall of Chairman Mao, but also the second floor of the revolutionary achievements memorial room for Premier Zhou, President Zhu, Chen Yun, Deng Gong and others.
In other words, Chairman Mao’s Memorial Hall is not only a personal memorial hall, but also a memorial hall for the first generation of leadership collectives of of the People’s Republic of China. Those who came to visit included Chinese people, foreigners and politicians from other countries.
Arrangement of the People's Liberation Army to defend the country to take on the guard work, which can better reflect our country's emphasis on Chairman Mao's Memorial Hall and allow it to appear in front of foreigners in a better manner.
When the Chairman Mao Memorial Hall was completed, our country did not have an armed police force, so we could only arrange for the People's Liberation Army to be stationed.
Our country's garrison troops are responsible for the capital's military guards and the garrisons in key areas, and are affiliated with the Beijing Garrison District of the People's Liberation Army of China.
And Chairman Mao Memorial Hall is of course a place where key garrison is needed, and it is understandable that the People's Liberation Army is stationed here.
Under various factors, Chairman Mao’s Memorial Hall was guarded by the People’s Liberation Army with guns, not armed police with guns.
No matter who is responsible for the task of guarding the great man, I believe he is extremely proud. Because their contribution to China is worth remembering by every Chinese!
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