The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, referred to as the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, will open in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on October 16, 2022, with the meeting schedule expected to be one week.
What is the National Congress of the Communist Party of China?
National Congress is the highest leading body of the Communist Party of China, which holds the highest decision-making and supervision power, and is held every five years.
The current version of " Party Constitution " stipulates that the National Congress of the Party has six powers:
listen to and review the report of the Central Committee;
listen to and review the report of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection;
discuss and decide major issues of the Party;
amend the Party’s constitution;
elect the Central Committee;
elect the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection. Why is
open every five years?
1982 Before, the National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held irregularly.
The First National Congress of the Communist Party of China was secretly held in the French Concession in Shanghai on July 23, 1921. The venue was searched by the concession police room on July 30 and was suspended. It closed in Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province on August 3. The convening of the First Congress announced the formal establishment of the Communist Party of China.
Address of the First Congress of the Communist Party of China: No. 76 Xingye Road, Shanghai
During the war, it was difficult to hold national congresses regularly. According to the webpage of the Communist Party of China's major events, the longest interval between the two national congresses in the history of the Party was 11 years - , , 1945, and 1956, 8th National Congress.
The Eighth Congress decided to hold a national congress every five years. In 1969, the Ninth Congress wrote this article into the "Party Constitution", stipulating that the National Congress can be held in advance or delayed under special circumstances.
At that time, it was the tenth "Cultural Revolution" (1966-1976). The top ten Chinese (1973) and the 11th National Congress (1977) were held in advance. They were actually held once every five years according to regulations, after the 12th National Congress of in 1982.
What are the top 20 major agendas?
The main agenda is expected to include General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping delivering a work report on behalf of the 19th Central Committee, amending the " Constitution of the Communist Party of China ", electing the 20th Central Committee (including about 200 Central Committee members and about 170 alternate Central Committee members) and the 20th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (about 130 people).
On the day after the closing of the 20th National Congress, the first plenary session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (the First Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee) was immediately held. Those attending the plenary session were newly elected Central Committee members, alternate Central Committee members and members of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection attended the meeting.
The First Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee will elect a new member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, and a general secretary of the Central Committee; according to the nomination of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, members of the Central Military Commission will be decided by members of the Central Secretariat; and the candidates for secretary, deputy secretary and member of the Standing Committee elected at the first plenary session of the 19th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection will be approved.
If the previous process is followed, after the First Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee, the new member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee will collectively meet with representatives of Chinese and foreign journalists who participated in the interview with the 20th National Congress.
How many plenary sessions will the Central Committee hold between the two Party Congresses ?
The Central Committee elected by the National Congress of the Party is what we usually call "Central Party Central Committee" or "Central of the Communist Party of China". During the recess of the National Congress, the Central Committee implemented the resolutions of the National Congress, led all the work of the Party, and represented the Communist Party of China to the outside world.
The Central Committee must hold at least once a year, and may convene a meeting if necessary. Generally, each session will be held seven times, namely: the first time after the National Congress; in March of the second year, the first meeting of the National People's Congress will be held for the second time before the first meeting of the National People's Congress will be held for the second time before the first meeting of the National People's Congress will be held for the second time before the first meeting of the National People's Congress will be held for the second time, and the nomination of the main candidates of state organs will be held for the third time; in September or October of that year, the third time will be held for the next September to November, that is, the fourth time, the fifth time, and the sixth time will be held for the next National Congress; before the next National Congress is held for the last time, that is, the seventh time, the draft political report to be made at the conference will be passed.
The Central Committee elected at the National Congress of the Party is the Central Committee, which is the Central Committee, and the Central Committee's meeting is the "XX Plenary Session" and the "XX X Central Committee" are produced in this way.
How to select 2,296 representatives of the 20th National Congress from more than 96 million party members?
The election of representatives of the 20th National Congress is divided into 38 election units, including 31 provinces and cities, 3 central organs (central and state organs, central financial system, central enterprise system), representatives of the Hong Kong Working Committee, representatives of the Macao Working Committee, representatives of the Taiwan Provincial People's Liberation Army and the Armed Police Force.
The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has determined a total of 2,300 representatives to the 20th National Congress. The election work started in November 2021 and was completed in July 2022. The final election was 2,296, which can be said to be "one in 40,000." The allocation of representative quotas is mainly determined based on the number of party organizations and the number of party members, and factors such as the number of representatives at the previous National Congress of the Party are considered.
All election units adhere to the unity of the Party’s leadership and the promotion of democracy, and adopt bottom-up, combination of top-down, repeated deliberations, and level-by-step selection methods to produce representatives of the Twenty National Congress.
The election process also requires "highlighting political standards", "archival materials must be reviewed", "selects will be subject to a 'comprehensive physical examination'", and "individual conversations".
The elected party representative must be confirmed by the 20th National Congress representative qualification review committee before he can attend the 20th National Congress. For example, 5 years ago , 2,287 representatives were selected, and the qualifications of 2,280 representatives were finally confirmed to be valid.
Does the special guest representative have the right to vote?
The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has made it clear that according to convention, a number of old party members who have withdrawn from their leadership positions will attend the 20th National Congress as special representatives. This arrangement was first seen in 13th . At that time, 61 special invited representatives attended the meeting. Since then, this practice has been continued. Special invited representatives are usually comrades with contributions and prestige. The report of the 14th National Congress of the Communist Party of China's representative qualification review committee once wrote that in reference to the practices of the 13th National Congress, the central government identified 46 old party members who joined the party before 1927 and held important leadership positions in the party and were highly respected as special representatives.
Specially invited representatives enjoy the right to represent, including voting rights, just like elected representatives.
What kind of people can join the Communist Party of China? When
was first created, in order to emphasize the nature of working-class political parties, the Communist Party of China paid more attention to the development of party members among workers. After experiencing setbacks during the Great Revolution, the focus of the Communist Party of China's work has shifted from cities to rural areas, and the proportion of peasant party members has continued to increase. When the founding of New China in 1949, farmers accounted for nearly 60% of the nearly 4.5 million Communist Party members.
In the history of the Communist Party of China, there was also a special group. They were foreign members of the Communist Party of China from North Korea, Vietnam, Japan, India, Austria , Poland , the United Kingdom, the United States, the Soviet Union and other countries. This is because during the democratic revolution, the CCP had no nationality restrictions on the absorption of party members. It was not until the Party Constitution of the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 1956 that it was for the first time that only Chinese citizens were qualified to join the party. The previous National Congress of the Party held since then clearly stipulated that only Chinese citizens can join the Party.
From the beginning of building a new China, the structure of the Communist Party of China's member team has been continuously adjusted. Since the reform and opening up, the composition of party members has become more diversified.
As of the end of 2021, the total number of members of the Communist Party of China was 96.712 million.Among these 96.712 million, there are 51.461 million party members with college degree or above, 28.431 million female party members, and 7.285 million ethnic minority party members.
According to relevant regulations, any grassroots unit with more than 3 formal party members should establish a party branch. As of the end of 2021, there were 4.936 million grassroots organizations of the Communist Party of China, a net increase of 117,000 over the previous year. (Editor: Oriental)
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