People's Bank of China : Quickly check the top secret file No. 1
On March 22, 1983, Hu Jingying, then deputy governor of the People's Bank of China, suddenly received a letter from his hometown Shanxi.
After reading the letter, Hu Jing was shocked and happy, and there were some doubts about it. Finally, at the advice of the secretary, he retried the top secret file No. 1 of the head office and sent someone to take it to Shanxi to find the old man who wrote the letter.
Who exactly was the person who wrote to me, what did he say in the letter, and what was the top secret file No. 1? This starts with the birth of the RMB.
judged the situation and issued new coins, and the inscription on the face was controversial. In 1948, the War of Liberation had entered the counterattack stage. The area of our party's liberated areas expanded rapidly, and trade ties between the liberated areas became more frequent.
However, the currencies in major liberated areas were not unified at that time, which not only formed a barrier to trade, but also had a great impact on the mobility of the People's Liberation Army's operations.
In this case, the central government decided to establish the People's Bank of China based on the North China Bank to issue the first set of RMB . The issuance of this set of RMB
effectively broke the financial isolation situation in various liberated areas, quickly built a unified large market, and made outstanding contributions to the victory of the Liberation War.
However, after the founding of New China, due to the inherent design and later over-issue problems, it began to become increasingly prominent and gradually became an obstacle to economic development. The main problem of
is that the denomination of this set of RMB is originally very huge. Later, due to the excessive issuance of currency, the unit value and denomination of its unit are seriously mismatched.
According to the calculations of Comrade Chen Yun, who was in charge of the work in Central Finance and Economics at that time, he concluded that
"The currency value of each hundred yuan was less than four cents before the Anti-Japanese War. Although it was nominally in the unit of yuan, the value of one yuan had completely lost its effect in calculations. This had a bad impact on the international perception and the psychological of the domestic people."
In addition, this set of RMB also has problems such as numerous currency types, poor quality, and flooding of counterfeit currency.
Under this circumstance, in July 1950, Chen Yun proposed to the central government to issue new coins.
Central Committee immediately agreed to the suggestion and decided that Chen Yun would be chaired by it and the People's Bank of China would be responsible for the design, printing and issuance of the second set of RMB of .
With the approval of Chen Yun, the People's Bank of China hired Luo Gongliu , the then Central Academy of Fine Arts, as the general manager. The design work of the second set of RMB has progressed rapidly. It didn't take long, and the theme, style, size, pattern and other details of each seal were determined one by one.
Dong Biwu
But when they were about to get done, they encountered difficulties in the issue of RMB inscriptions.
In order to reflect the Chinese characteristics of , the first set of RMB was specially invited to write all the Chinese characters on the face when making the first set of RMB.
When designing the second set of RMB, Premier Zhou emphasized that the new currency should also continue this practice. However, on the issue of whether to adopt Dong Biwu's calligraphy, the comrades from the People's Bank of China put forward different opinions.
Finally, everyone agreed that Chairman Mao is the supreme leader of the Party and the country, and is also a recognized master of calligraphy. should be written by Chairman Mao in order to reflect the representativeness of the RMB.
Dong Biwu
But Chairman Mao was noble and made it clear that his avatar and calligraphy should not be printed on the RMB. People's Bank of China : Quickly check the top secret file No. 1 On March 22, 1983, Hu Jingying, then deputy governor of the People's Bank of China, suddenly received a letter from his hometown Shanxi. After reading the letter, Hu Jing was shocked and happy, and there were some doubts about it. Finally, at the advice of the secretary, he retried the top secret file No. 1 of the head office and sent someone to take it to Shanxi to find the old man who wrote the letter. Who exactly was the person who wrote to me, what did he say in the letter, and what was the top secret file No. 1? This starts with the birth of the RMB. judged the situation and issued new coins, and the inscription on the face was controversial. In 1948, the War of Liberation had entered the counterattack stage. The area of our party's liberated areas expanded rapidly, and trade ties between the liberated areas became more frequent.
However, the currencies in major liberated areas were not unified at that time, which not only formed a barrier to trade, but also had a great impact on the mobility of the People's Liberation Army's operations.
In this case, the central government decided to establish the People's Bank of China based on the North China Bank to issue the first set of RMB . The issuance of this set of RMB
effectively broke the financial isolation situation in various liberated areas, quickly built a unified large market, and made outstanding contributions to the victory of the Liberation War.
However, after the founding of New China, due to the inherent design and later over-issue problems, it began to become increasingly prominent and gradually became an obstacle to economic development. The main problem of
is that the denomination of this set of RMB is originally very huge. Later, due to the excessive issuance of currency, the unit value and denomination of its unit are seriously mismatched.
According to the calculations of Comrade Chen Yun, who was in charge of the work in Central Finance and Economics at that time, he concluded that
"The currency value of each hundred yuan was less than four cents before the Anti-Japanese War. Although it was nominally in the unit of yuan, the value of one yuan had completely lost its effect in calculations. This had a bad impact on the international perception and the psychological of the domestic people."
In addition, this set of RMB also has problems such as numerous currency types, poor quality, and flooding of counterfeit currency.
Under this circumstance, in July 1950, Chen Yun proposed to the central government to issue new coins.
Central Committee immediately agreed to the suggestion and decided that Chen Yun would be chaired by it and the People's Bank of China would be responsible for the design, printing and issuance of the second set of RMB of .
With the approval of Chen Yun, the People's Bank of China hired Luo Gongliu , the then Central Academy of Fine Arts, as the general manager. The design work of the second set of RMB has progressed rapidly. It didn't take long, and the theme, style, size, pattern and other details of each seal were determined one by one.
Dong Biwu
But when they were about to get done, they encountered difficulties in the issue of RMB inscriptions.
In order to reflect the Chinese characteristics of , the first set of RMB was specially invited to write all the Chinese characters on the face when making the first set of RMB.
When designing the second set of RMB, Premier Zhou emphasized that the new currency should also continue this practice. However, on the issue of whether to adopt Dong Biwu's calligraphy, the comrades from the People's Bank of China put forward different opinions.
Finally, everyone agreed that Chairman Mao is the supreme leader of the Party and the country, and is also a recognized master of calligraphy. should be written by Chairman Mao in order to reflect the representativeness of the RMB.
Dong Biwu
But Chairman Mao was noble and made it clear that his avatar and calligraphy should not be printed on the RMB.
In this case, after Chen Yun asked Premier Zhou for instructions, he finally made a decision:
Since Chairman Mao refused to write the text on the RMB, he simply solicited calligraphy works from the masses just like when he designed the national flag and national emblem to reflect the characteristics of the RMB "from the people and using it from the people".
But the design of currency is different from other designs. In order to prevent counterfeit coins, the design work is highly confidential, and it is definitely unrealistic to collect calligraphy works on a large scale.
Therefore, after repeated research, the central government finally decided to adopt the invitation system. first circled the scope of participants with the conditions of "political reliability and exquisite calligraphy", and then selected the works that best meet the conditions from their calligraphy.
At that time, Chen Yun set a task for the senior leaders of the People's Bank of China, requiring everyone to get an inscription.
After receiving the task, Nan Hanchen, then the president of the People's Bank of China, found his Shanxi fellow villager Ma Wenmo.
A boy has to be favored for his fame. His half-life experience is a legend
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But shortly after Ma Wenmo was born, their family gradually began to decline. By the time Ma Wenmoe became an adult, their family was already penniless.
But fortunately, Ma Pengcheng, who was a private school teacher, attached great importance to his children's education. Since Ma Wenmore can remember, his father has taught him to read and write step by step, laying a good foundation for him.
Plus Ma Wenmo is also talented and is a piece of learning material, so he has been a well-known child prodigy since childhood.
When he was sixteen years old, Ma Wenmo went to Taiyuan, the provincial capital to take the exam, and the result was three exams and three. At the same time, I was admitted to three prestigious schools. , and he finally chose the Provincial National Normal School.
Shanxi Provincial National Normal School is a new school founded by Yan Xishan in accordance with the Japanese education model. has advanced teaching philosophy and strong teaching staff.
Yan Xishan
More importantly, it not only does not charge tuition fees, but also gives students two monthly subsidies of , ocean , , therefore quickly became the goal that Shanxi aspiring young people, especially poor young people, yearn for.
It is precisely for this reason that Ma Wenmo, who is from a poor family, chose this school.
At that time, Xu Xiangqian and Bo Yibo were also studying in this school. Although the three of them were of different grades, they had similar ambitions, so they quickly became close alumni.
It goes without saying that Xu Xiangqian and Bo Yibo were famous figures far and wide when they were in school. , and Ma Wenmoke has also been respected by the two principals of Zhao Daiwen and Zhao Pilian.
Xu Xiangqian
Before he graduated, he was taken by two principals and attended a gathering of many cultural celebrities. After graduating from the Normal School, Ma Wenmo was assigned to teach at the primary school affiliated to the Normal School, but he had a broad vision and had no intention of this.
1930 Ma Wenmo resolutely resigned and went south to study. He was admitted to the Department of Economics of the National Central University with excellent results. Just at this time, Ma Wenmo's old principal Zhao Pilian was transferred to the position of deputy director of the Ministry of Interior of the National Government.
After he learned that Ma Wenmo was also in Nanjing, he summoned him to be his secretary before Ma Wenmo graduated.
Zhao Pilian's concern for Ma Wenmok is more than that, he also helped Ma Wenmok solve major events in his life.
Zhao Pilian
Under Zhao Pilian's introduction, Ma Wenmo met Zhao Huiqing, the niece of another principal, Zhao Daiwen. The two fell in love at first sight and got married that year.
After Ma Wenmo got married, Zhao Daiwen, who was then the president of the Supervision Office, did not avoid relatives, and transferred Ma Wenmo to the Supervision Office as secretary. In less than a year, Ma Wenmo's marriage work was completely resolved, which was a thrilling spring breeze.
But the good times didn't last long. Ma Wenmo had worked for a few months, and Central Plains War broke out.
Yan Xishan, together with Feng Yuxiang , Li Zongren , etc., jointly declared war on Chiang Kai-shek . Zhao Pilian and Zhao Daiwen, who were Yan Xishan's confidants, were dismissed one after another, and Ma Wenmo also lost his job.
ma Wenmo
But it is a blessing to lose his horse. Ma Wenmo, who was unemployed at home, was unwilling to be lonely and mingled in various cultural circles in Nanjing without any trouble. Therefore, he met a fellow Shanxi villager Jingmeijiu .
Jing Meijiu is not only a veteran of Revolution , but also a famous calligrapher at that time. Under the influence of Jing Meijiu, Ma Wenmo, who already has good skills, has regained calligraphy.
From then on, I developed the habit of cultivating the inkstone field and learned a good handwriting, laying the groundwork for him inscriptions on RMB inscriptions in the future.
At that time, there were many talents from Shanxi. Under the recommendation of Jing Meijiu, Ma Wenmo met Fu Zuoyi, who was also a fellow villager in Shanxi. He was also recommended by Fu Zuoyi. Ma Wenmo and another fellow villager Kong Xiangxi were friends.
Kong Xiangxi heard that Ma Wenmo had studied in the Department of Economics of Central University, so he arranged for him to Shanghai Central Mint as deputy director of the clerk.
937 After the " Lugou Bridge Incident " occurred, four banks including Bank of China and Central Bank established a joint office of the four banks in Shanghai. Ma Wenmo was appointed as a lieutenant general inspector to inspect the financial situation in the rear.
Ma Wenmo has fulfilled his mission, from Shanghai to Hong Kong, returning to Hankou to Chongqing, with his footprints spread throughout most of China.
He has mastered a large amount of first-hand information and has written many detailed and insightful financial research reports, which has been further appreciated by Kong Xiangxi.
942, Kong Xiangxi transferred Ma Wenwei to the Central Trust Bureau, allowing him to be the director of the Semiconductor Department of the Personnel Department, and was specifically responsible for the cadre assessment of . This actually treats him as his own person.
After Ma Wenwei arrived at the Central Trust Bureau, he really lived up to expectations. In just a few years, the cadres' appearance was completely renewed, but he also offended the "American faction" and "Mingxian faction" within the Trust Bureau.
The school of studying in the United States is the direct descendant of Song Ziwen , and the Mingxian school is all students of Kong Xiangxi when he was running Mingxian School in Shanxi. Although the two schools do not deal with each other, they both regard Ma Wenwei as a thorn in their eyes.
1946, the two factions jointly made a plan to falsely accuse Ma Wenmo of being favored and abused the law, and Kong Xiangxi was angry and removed him from his post.
After finding out the facts, Kong Xiangxi felt very guilty and very proud of his talents. He wanted to invite Ma Wenmo to serve as director of the Central Bank, but was rejected by Ma Wenmo.
After this incident, Ma Wenmo also recognized the corruption of the Kuomintang and had no intention of going to the official career again. So I came to Beijing and found Zhao Pilian, a teacher who was also far away from his career, and lived a leisurely life of practicing boxing and calligraphy.
Zhao Pilian is also a master of calligraphy. In the process of learning with him, Ma Wenmoo combined the strengths of Jing Meijiu and Zhao Pilian and finally wrote his own style.
It was also in this year that Ma Wenmo met Nan Hanchen, who was also a fellow Shanxi villager, at a cocktail party organized by Fu Zuoyi.
Old friends reunite in the walk, and the test writing attracted good calligraphy
As early as 1941, during the most difficult period of the anti-Japanese base in northern Shaanxi, Nan Hanchen was ordered to serve as the director of the Border Region Finance Department in a dangerous situation.
He helped the border region finances get rid of difficulties in a very short period of time and is an outstanding social activist and leader of financial organizations in our party. Even Chairman Mao praised him for creating "a historical miracle that has never been seen in Chinese history".
Nan Hanchen
Ma Wenmo and Nan Hanchen hit it off at first sight and soon became very good friends. But after the Kuomintang provoked the civil war, Ma Wenmo took the initiative to break off contact with Nan Hanchen in order not to cause trouble.
1 After the liberation of Peking in 1949, the People's Bank of China moved from Shijiazhuang to Beiping , and its business expanded rapidly and it was urgently needed for professional talents in finance.
Bo Yibo, who was the political commissar of the Pingjin Garrison Command at the time, heard that Ma Wenmo was also in Peking, specially found this old classmate and advised him to come out to work.
Ma Wenmo also wanted to do a slight effort for the New China, so he found the People's Bank of China with Bo Yibo's letter of introduction.
Only after he arrived did he realize that the president of the People's Bank of China was Nan Hanchen. After seeing him, Nan Hanchen was overjoyed and kept blaming him for not contacting him.
Ma Wenmo explained that he was afraid of causing trouble to him. Nan Hanchen said: "Now, China is going to be liberated soon. You don't have to be afraid of causing trouble to me in the future. You can come to work in the bank tomorrow."
So Ma Wenmo went to the Planning Office of the People's Bank of China as a consultant, and his former friends became superiors and subordinates. .
At the beginning, Ma Wenmo was a little awkward, but Nan Hanchen had no official airs. Whenever he had time, he would come to him to have tea and chat and learn calligraphy. Ma Wenmo quickly opened his heart.
On April 11950, Nan Hanchen invited Ma Wenmo to the office again. As soon as Ma Wenmo entered the door, Nan Hanchen said mysteriously: "I recently found a good thing!"
Before Ma Wenmo could answer, he found a brush from the drawer. Ma Wenmo thought it was an imperial pen at a glance.
Nan Hanchen praised him for his good eyesight while asking him if he wanted to write or not.
Although Ma Wenmo is knowledgeable, he has never written a word with an imperial pen. After hearing what Nan Hanchen said, he became interested. He hurriedly took the pen and asked, "What do you want to write!"
Nan Hanchen said, "Just try writing, don't make sentences, just write these words from our bank."
Ma Wenmo was pleased to accept the order and wrote the big words "People's Bank of China" on rice paper. After writing
, Ma Wenwei shook his head and said, "This imperial pen is just a name, and it is not as useful as my own pen."
Nan Hanchen pretended to be suspicious after hearing this: "How is it possible? You have not made the habit, otherwise you can try writing a few more!"
After Ma Wenmo finished writing, Nan Hanchen motivated him again and said: "You always say that your brush is easy to use, but I want to see what peerless calligraphy can be written. "
was so excited by Nan Hanchen, Ma Wenmo really got excited. He immediately brought his own pen and wrote the same content again. After writing
, let Nan Hanchen compare it carefully and see which pen wrote the good words.
Nan Hanchen nodded after reading it, and finally praised: "Your broken pen is really good. For the sake of the paper and ink I will give you, these words will be given to me. "
Ma Wenmo didn't take it seriously, and said readily: "This is all about practicing writing, not a calligraphy work. You can just want it if you want it. ”
Not long after, Ma Wenmo said goodbye to Nan Hanchen, first in Guangxi, and later transferred to Shaanxi. From then on, the two old friends were separated and there was no chance to drink tea and chat or practice calligraphy.
Until 1955, when Ma Wenmo saw the second set of RMB issued by the People's Bank of China, he recognized his handwriting at a glance. Only then did he realize the real purpose of Nan Hanchen inducing him to test the writing.
As an expert in the field of finance, he naturally knew that this was a state secret, because even if the organization did not have clear requirements, he hid this matter deeply in his heart, and had never mentioned it to anyone except his family.
After all hardships and character, I wrote a letter to prove my innocence
957, Ma Wenwei returned to his hometown Huangzhai Village, Yangqu County. But after returning home, his life plummeted, and he had no necessary food, and he could only use wild vegetables and rice bran to satisfy his hunger every day.
The daughters are both 18-year-old girls, and they have to squeeze in with Ma Wenmo to sleep on a mud kang. But not only did Ma Wenmori not blame others, he also lived a very fulfilling life.
He wakes up every morning and first practices the boxing skills that Zhao Pilian teaches him, then goes to the streets to clean the road, pick up manure, and comes back at night to practice calligraphy for another hour, and finally goes to bed.
Later, by chance, he got a copy of " Medical Mind Understanding ", and since then he became obsessed with medical skills. and with his super high understanding, he soon became a well-known Chinese medicine doctor.
Until 1978, Ma Wenmo was always at peace with the will of heaven and never looked for an organization.
Until 1983, Shanxi Daily published a short article introducing the second set of RMB, which was firmly stated that the Chinese characters on the second set of RMB were written by Ji Chaozhu.
Ma Wenmo's daughter saw the article and asked him angrily: "Didn't you say that the Chinese characters on the RMB belong to you? You see, Shanxi Daily clearly said that it was written by someone else, but the content published in the party newspaper would not be fake, right?"
Ma Wenmo's life has gone through ups and downs, but now even his daughter doubts his personality.
When he was indignant, he wrote a letter to Hu Jing, then deputy governor of the People's Bank of China, telling the truth that the second set of Chinese characters in the RMB was written by him.
Hu Jing
At that time, the central government was planning to issue the fourth set of RMB . After extensive research, the staff responsible for the specific design unanimously agreed that the Chinese characters on the second set of RMB are both the Zhuang Xiu of Han Li and the strongest Weibei , and are a rare fine calligraphy.
and can well reflect the national character of hardness and softness, elegance, free and easy, restrained and implicit. suggests that these Chinese characters continue to be used on the fourth set of RMB.
The central leadership in charge of the issuance also agreed with the design team, but also put forward the right requirement, that is, the Chinese characters of the RMB should be changed to simplified Chinese characters to conform to my country's simplified characters reform and reflect the correct direction.
But to change the traditional Chinese characters on the RMB to simplified Chinese characters, you must find the person who wrote these characters at that time.
But Nan Hanchen, who was responsible for contacting the writer, died in 1967. He never mentioned to anyone who wrote the Chinese characters on the second set of RMB during his lifetime.
Just when the People's Bank of China was worried, Ma Wenmo's letter happened to arrive.
Hu Jingyi is also from Shanxi and is also an old acquaintance with Ma Wenmo. Naturally, he also knows that Ma Wenmo was a hidden calligraphy master in the industry back then. He believes in Ma Wenmo's statement very emotionally.
But this matter is of great importance. If you don’t understand the situation, you will rashly report it to the central leadership, which will attract minor criticism from the leaders, and it will affect the design process of the fourth set of RMB.
When he was hesitating, his secretary reminded him that the Chinese character manuscripts of that year were in the line and were sealed as top secret number one archive.
As long as a few experts are sent to do handwriting identification, all problems will be solved. So Hu Jingying immediately adopted the secretary's suggestion and immediately sent two experts to Yangqu County with the head office's "Top Secret No. 1" file and found Ma Wenmo.
Ma Wenmo rewrote the six big words "People's Bank of China" in front of the two experts. After the two experts' identification, it can be confirmed that the two calligraphy works were written by one person. After the identification of
, they immediately reported the situation to Hu Jingchang. Subsequently, Hu Jing ordered that be sure to ask two experts to ask Ma Wenmo to rewrite a few more simplified Chinese characters for use in the fourth set of RMB.
Ma Wenmo happily accepted the order, but the words he wrote at that time were very casually without knowing it. As Su Dongpo said: "The book was not intended to be good at first."
Now he knows the truth, so he has the limitation of psychological burdens. On the contrary, no matter how much he writes, he will lose the charm of the past.
In the end, there was no way, People's Bank of China can only achieve simplification based on Ma Wenmo's calligraphy back then and through technical means.
But the People's Bank of China did not forget Ma Wenmo's historical achievements. Not only did it send a special letter, it clarified that Ma Wenmo was the writer of Chinese characters on the RMB, but it also coordinated with relevant departments to help Ma Wenmo solve housing.
But Ma Wenmo has already taken all this lightly. 988,
And Ma Wenmo's life, summarized in a couplet, is:
"The clouds are in history, and the national currency is spread all over the world."
Now Ma Wenmo's ink has accompanied the Chinese people for more than 70 years. It is no exaggeration to say that his characters should be the most printed and most widely circulated calligraphy work in the world.
With the implementation of the "Belt and Road" strategy, the internationalization process of the RMB has been significantly accelerated, and Ma Wenmo's "handwriting" has also stepped out of the country and become a witness to the strong country and the rich people.
Although many people don’t know Ma Wenmo’s name, we can understand the character of the writer through the fonts on the RMB. This is exactly the character of the Chinese nation...
In less than a year, Ma Wenmo's marriage work was completely resolved, which was a thrilling spring breeze.But the good times didn't last long. Ma Wenmo had worked for a few months, and Central Plains War broke out.
Yan Xishan, together with Feng Yuxiang , Li Zongren , etc., jointly declared war on Chiang Kai-shek . Zhao Pilian and Zhao Daiwen, who were Yan Xishan's confidants, were dismissed one after another, and Ma Wenmo also lost his job.
ma Wenmo
But it is a blessing to lose his horse. Ma Wenmo, who was unemployed at home, was unwilling to be lonely and mingled in various cultural circles in Nanjing without any trouble. Therefore, he met a fellow Shanxi villager Jingmeijiu .
Jing Meijiu is not only a veteran of Revolution , but also a famous calligrapher at that time. Under the influence of Jing Meijiu, Ma Wenmo, who already has good skills, has regained calligraphy.
From then on, I developed the habit of cultivating the inkstone field and learned a good handwriting, laying the groundwork for him inscriptions on RMB inscriptions in the future.
At that time, there were many talents from Shanxi. Under the recommendation of Jing Meijiu, Ma Wenmo met Fu Zuoyi, who was also a fellow villager in Shanxi. He was also recommended by Fu Zuoyi. Ma Wenmo and another fellow villager Kong Xiangxi were friends.
Kong Xiangxi heard that Ma Wenmo had studied in the Department of Economics of Central University, so he arranged for him to Shanghai Central Mint as deputy director of the clerk.
937 After the " Lugou Bridge Incident " occurred, four banks including Bank of China and Central Bank established a joint office of the four banks in Shanghai. Ma Wenmo was appointed as a lieutenant general inspector to inspect the financial situation in the rear.
Ma Wenmo has fulfilled his mission, from Shanghai to Hong Kong, returning to Hankou to Chongqing, with his footprints spread throughout most of China.
He has mastered a large amount of first-hand information and has written many detailed and insightful financial research reports, which has been further appreciated by Kong Xiangxi.
942, Kong Xiangxi transferred Ma Wenwei to the Central Trust Bureau, allowing him to be the director of the Semiconductor Department of the Personnel Department, and was specifically responsible for the cadre assessment of . This actually treats him as his own person.
After Ma Wenwei arrived at the Central Trust Bureau, he really lived up to expectations. In just a few years, the cadres' appearance was completely renewed, but he also offended the "American faction" and "Mingxian faction" within the Trust Bureau.
The school of studying in the United States is the direct descendant of Song Ziwen , and the Mingxian school is all students of Kong Xiangxi when he was running Mingxian School in Shanxi. Although the two schools do not deal with each other, they both regard Ma Wenwei as a thorn in their eyes.
1946, the two factions jointly made a plan to falsely accuse Ma Wenmo of being favored and abused the law, and Kong Xiangxi was angry and removed him from his post.
After finding out the facts, Kong Xiangxi felt very guilty and very proud of his talents. He wanted to invite Ma Wenmo to serve as director of the Central Bank, but was rejected by Ma Wenmo.
After this incident, Ma Wenmo also recognized the corruption of the Kuomintang and had no intention of going to the official career again. So I came to Beijing and found Zhao Pilian, a teacher who was also far away from his career, and lived a leisurely life of practicing boxing and calligraphy.
Zhao Pilian is also a master of calligraphy. In the process of learning with him, Ma Wenmoo combined the strengths of Jing Meijiu and Zhao Pilian and finally wrote his own style.
It was also in this year that Ma Wenmo met Nan Hanchen, who was also a fellow Shanxi villager, at a cocktail party organized by Fu Zuoyi.
Old friends reunite in the walk, and the test writing attracted good calligraphy
As early as 1941, during the most difficult period of the anti-Japanese base in northern Shaanxi, Nan Hanchen was ordered to serve as the director of the Border Region Finance Department in a dangerous situation.
He helped the border region finances get rid of difficulties in a very short period of time and is an outstanding social activist and leader of financial organizations in our party. Even Chairman Mao praised him for creating "a historical miracle that has never been seen in Chinese history".
Nan Hanchen
Ma Wenmo and Nan Hanchen hit it off at first sight and soon became very good friends. But after the Kuomintang provoked the civil war, Ma Wenmo took the initiative to break off contact with Nan Hanchen in order not to cause trouble.
1 After the liberation of Peking in 1949, the People's Bank of China moved from Shijiazhuang to Beiping , and its business expanded rapidly and it was urgently needed for professional talents in finance.
Bo Yibo, who was the political commissar of the Pingjin Garrison Command at the time, heard that Ma Wenmo was also in Peking, specially found this old classmate and advised him to come out to work.
Ma Wenmo also wanted to do a slight effort for the New China, so he found the People's Bank of China with Bo Yibo's letter of introduction.
Only after he arrived did he realize that the president of the People's Bank of China was Nan Hanchen. After seeing him, Nan Hanchen was overjoyed and kept blaming him for not contacting him.
Ma Wenmo explained that he was afraid of causing trouble to him. Nan Hanchen said: "Now, China is going to be liberated soon. You don't have to be afraid of causing trouble to me in the future. You can come to work in the bank tomorrow."
So Ma Wenmo went to the Planning Office of the People's Bank of China as a consultant, and his former friends became superiors and subordinates. .
At the beginning, Ma Wenmo was a little awkward, but Nan Hanchen had no official airs. Whenever he had time, he would come to him to have tea and chat and learn calligraphy. Ma Wenmo quickly opened his heart.
On April 11950, Nan Hanchen invited Ma Wenmo to the office again. As soon as Ma Wenmo entered the door, Nan Hanchen said mysteriously: "I recently found a good thing!"
Before Ma Wenmo could answer, he found a brush from the drawer. Ma Wenmo thought it was an imperial pen at a glance.
Nan Hanchen praised him for his good eyesight while asking him if he wanted to write or not.
Although Ma Wenmo is knowledgeable, he has never written a word with an imperial pen. After hearing what Nan Hanchen said, he became interested. He hurriedly took the pen and asked, "What do you want to write!"
Nan Hanchen said, "Just try writing, don't make sentences, just write these words from our bank."
Ma Wenmo was pleased to accept the order and wrote the big words "People's Bank of China" on rice paper. After writing
, Ma Wenwei shook his head and said, "This imperial pen is just a name, and it is not as useful as my own pen."
Nan Hanchen pretended to be suspicious after hearing this: "How is it possible? You have not made the habit, otherwise you can try writing a few more!"
After Ma Wenmo finished writing, Nan Hanchen motivated him again and said: "You always say that your brush is easy to use, but I want to see what peerless calligraphy can be written. "
was so excited by Nan Hanchen, Ma Wenmo really got excited. He immediately brought his own pen and wrote the same content again. After writing
, let Nan Hanchen compare it carefully and see which pen wrote the good words.
Nan Hanchen nodded after reading it, and finally praised: "Your broken pen is really good. For the sake of the paper and ink I will give you, these words will be given to me. "
Ma Wenmo didn't take it seriously, and said readily: "This is all about practicing writing, not a calligraphy work. You can just want it if you want it. ”
Not long after, Ma Wenmo said goodbye to Nan Hanchen, first in Guangxi, and later transferred to Shaanxi. From then on, the two old friends were separated and there was no chance to drink tea and chat or practice calligraphy.
Until 1955, when Ma Wenmo saw the second set of RMB issued by the People's Bank of China, he recognized his handwriting at a glance. Only then did he realize the real purpose of Nan Hanchen inducing him to test the writing.
As an expert in the field of finance, he naturally knew that this was a state secret, because even if the organization did not have clear requirements, he hid this matter deeply in his heart, and had never mentioned it to anyone except his family.
After all hardships and character, I wrote a letter to prove my innocence
957, Ma Wenwei returned to his hometown Huangzhai Village, Yangqu County. But after returning home, his life plummeted, and he had no necessary food, and he could only use wild vegetables and rice bran to satisfy his hunger every day.
The daughters are both 18-year-old girls, and they have to squeeze in with Ma Wenmo to sleep on a mud kang. But not only did Ma Wenmori not blame others, he also lived a very fulfilling life.
He wakes up every morning and first practices the boxing skills that Zhao Pilian teaches him, then goes to the streets to clean the road, pick up manure, and comes back at night to practice calligraphy for another hour, and finally goes to bed.
Later, by chance, he got a copy of " Medical Mind Understanding ", and since then he became obsessed with medical skills. and with his super high understanding, he soon became a well-known Chinese medicine doctor.
Until 1978, Ma Wenmo was always at peace with the will of heaven and never looked for an organization.
Until 1983, Shanxi Daily published a short article introducing the second set of RMB, which was firmly stated that the Chinese characters on the second set of RMB were written by Ji Chaozhu.
Ma Wenmo's daughter saw the article and asked him angrily: "Didn't you say that the Chinese characters on the RMB belong to you? You see, Shanxi Daily clearly said that it was written by someone else, but the content published in the party newspaper would not be fake, right?"
Ma Wenmo's life has gone through ups and downs, but now even his daughter doubts his personality.
When he was indignant, he wrote a letter to Hu Jing, then deputy governor of the People's Bank of China, telling the truth that the second set of Chinese characters in the RMB was written by him.
Hu Jing
At that time, the central government was planning to issue the fourth set of RMB . After extensive research, the staff responsible for the specific design unanimously agreed that the Chinese characters on the second set of RMB are both the Zhuang Xiu of Han Li and the strongest Weibei , and are a rare fine calligraphy.
and can well reflect the national character of hardness and softness, elegance, free and easy, restrained and implicit. suggests that these Chinese characters continue to be used on the fourth set of RMB.
The central leadership in charge of the issuance also agreed with the design team, but also put forward the right requirement, that is, the Chinese characters of the RMB should be changed to simplified Chinese characters to conform to my country's simplified characters reform and reflect the correct direction.
But to change the traditional Chinese characters on the RMB to simplified Chinese characters, you must find the person who wrote these characters at that time.
But Nan Hanchen, who was responsible for contacting the writer, died in 1967. He never mentioned to anyone who wrote the Chinese characters on the second set of RMB during his lifetime.
Just when the People's Bank of China was worried, Ma Wenmo's letter happened to arrive.
Hu Jingyi is also from Shanxi and is also an old acquaintance with Ma Wenmo. Naturally, he also knows that Ma Wenmo was a hidden calligraphy master in the industry back then. He believes in Ma Wenmo's statement very emotionally.
But this matter is of great importance. If you don’t understand the situation, you will rashly report it to the central leadership, which will attract minor criticism from the leaders, and it will affect the design process of the fourth set of RMB.
When he was hesitating, his secretary reminded him that the Chinese character manuscripts of that year were in the line and were sealed as top secret number one archive.
As long as a few experts are sent to do handwriting identification, all problems will be solved. So Hu Jingying immediately adopted the secretary's suggestion and immediately sent two experts to Yangqu County with the head office's "Top Secret No. 1" file and found Ma Wenmo.
Ma Wenmo rewrote the six big words "People's Bank of China" in front of the two experts. After the two experts' identification, it can be confirmed that the two calligraphy works were written by one person. After the identification of
, they immediately reported the situation to Hu Jingchang. Subsequently, Hu Jing ordered that be sure to ask two experts to ask Ma Wenmo to rewrite a few more simplified Chinese characters for use in the fourth set of RMB.
Ma Wenmo happily accepted the order, but the words he wrote at that time were very casually without knowing it. As Su Dongpo said: "The book was not intended to be good at first."
Now he knows the truth, so he has the limitation of psychological burdens. On the contrary, no matter how much he writes, he will lose the charm of the past.
In the end, there was no way, People's Bank of China can only achieve simplification based on Ma Wenmo's calligraphy back then and through technical means.
But the People's Bank of China did not forget Ma Wenmo's historical achievements. Not only did it send a special letter, it clarified that Ma Wenmo was the writer of Chinese characters on the RMB, but it also coordinated with relevant departments to help Ma Wenmo solve housing.
But Ma Wenmo has already taken all this lightly. 988,
And Ma Wenmo's life, summarized in a couplet, is:
"The clouds are in history, and the national currency is spread all over the world."
Now Ma Wenmo's ink has accompanied the Chinese people for more than 70 years. It is no exaggeration to say that his characters should be the most printed and most widely circulated calligraphy work in the world.
With the implementation of the "Belt and Road" strategy, the internationalization process of the RMB has been significantly accelerated, and Ma Wenmo's "handwriting" has also stepped out of the country and become a witness to the strong country and the rich people.
Although many people don’t know Ma Wenmo’s name, we can understand the character of the writer through the fonts on the RMB. This is exactly the character of the Chinese nation...
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