Is there a National Day in ancient China?
Strictly speaking, there was no modern National Day in ancient times. However, there was also a kind of festival in ancient times that was comparable to the current "National Day", that was the emperor's birthday.
celebrated the emperor's birthday, and it was first started from Tang Dynasty . Emperor Taizong of Tang attaches great importance to his birthday and is designated as a birthday. The so-called birthday means birth. Emperor Taizong of Tang once said to the elder brother of Empress Changsun , Changsun Wuji, , , : "Today is my birthday. The world is happy, and I am sad. The poem says: Sorrow your parents, I am tired of giving birth to me. Why is it even more happy when I work hard on , , ?" It can be seen that Li Shimin did not have the intention to hold a birthday for himself. By the time his great-grandson, , , , , the situation changed.
Tang Xuanzong was a monarch who worked hard to govern and was also a monarch who was greedy for pleasure. In the 17th year of Kaiyuan, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang accepted the request from Prime Ministers, Yuan Qianyao and Zhang Shuo, and regarded his birthday August 5 as the Qianqiu Festival. On that day, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang feasted all officials at Hua'e Tower, and the Chen sang and enjoyed the music. Looking at the city, all the states in the world ordered the banquet and fun to take three days off and were included in the law. In the seventh year of , Tianbao, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang changed the Qianqiu Festival to the Tianqiu Festival, which means that life is longer than the Tianqiu, and the Qianqiu Festival is indefinitely.
Qianqiu Festival has a great impact on future generations. First, it is one of the sources of the Mid-Autumn Festival. These two festivals are close together and it is natural to merge. The second is that after that, the emperors followed the example of Xuanzong and regarded their birthday as a festival, and each festival had a different name. Since Xuanzong, the Tang Dynasty had many "National Days", such as the Tiancheng Diping Festival of Suzong, the Qingcheng Festival of Jingzong, the Qingcheng Festival of Wuzong, the Qingyang Festival of Xuanzong, the Shouchang Festival of Shouchang Festival, the Yizong, the Yanqing Festival of , and the Yingtian Festival of Xizong. Even the emperors Zhaozong and Emperor Ai in the late Tang Dynasty also had the Jiahui Festival and the Qianhe Festival. Unfortunately, no matter how auspicious the names of these "National Day" were, they could not protect the fate of the Tang Dynasty to escape the demise.
and after the Tang Dynasty also inherited this "fine tradition". Even if some dynasties were short-lived, the whole country would celebrate the emperor's birthday. Houliang has Daming Festival and Ming Sheng, Hou Tang has Wannian Festival, Holy Day and Thousand Spring Festival, Jin has Tianhe Festival and Kaisheng Day, Hou Han has Holy Day and Jiaqing Day, Houzhou has Yongshou Festival, Tianqing Day and Tianqing Day and Days Day. In the Song Dynasty, there were Changchun Festival, Qianming Festival, Shouning Festival, Chengtian Festival, Qianyuan Festival, Birthday Day, Tongtian Festival, Xinglong Festival, Tianning Festival, and Qianlong Festival. The regime established by nomadic peoples also "studyed" and was named Qianling Festival in the Liao Dynasty and Tianshou Festival in the Jin Dynasty. The name of the Yuan Dynasty. Almost every emperor has a different name for his birthday.
In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the name of the "National Day" celebrating the emperor's birthday was finally fixed, called "National Day", which means "National Day". In fact, this is also the birthday of Li Cunxu after plagiarizing the post- Tang Zhuangzong Tang.
There are so many "festivals" in history that the whole country celebrated, so how did the ancients celebrate "National Day"? They usually have three days off nationwide and hold celebrations, which is called the common people's happiness. The ministers in the capital will celebrate the emperor's birthday, and the emperor will hold a grand banquet and reward all officials. During the festival, slaughter is prohibited by the folk association, and lantern festivals, singing, dancing and opera performances are held at the same time. The Ming and Qing dynasties even raised the Wannian Festival, and listed the Emperor's birthday with the dynasty year and the festival of worshiping the sky, and called the Wannian Festival with the New Year's Day and the Winter Solstice three major festivals.
Articles丨Zhang Tianye
Illustrations丨Wang Jincheng
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